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GAT Daily (Guns Ammo Tactical)

 * News
   * Breaking & Current Events
   * Industry News
   * Military
   * Politics & Legislation
   * Just For Fun
 * Reviews
 * Gear
   * Firearms
   * Every Day Carry – EDC
   * Optics
   * Prepping, Camping, & Survival
   * Range Gear
 * Training
 * Hunting and Fishing
 * Video
   * Gunday Brunch
   * Series
   * YouTube
 * Gun Giveaways
   * Summer Concealed Giveaway
   * Autumn Rancher Giveaway
   * Roll out of Summer Giveaway
   * Season Of The Hunter Giveaway
   * Echelon Arsenal Giveaway
   * Sweet Season Sendoff Giveaway
   * Giveaways
   * Contest Winners
 * Deals

Advertisement



AN ODE TO BLOWBACK OPERATION

By
Travis Pike
-
October 11, 2023

The simple blowback system has been around for quite some time. From a practical
standpoint, blowback operation, as we know, dates back to 1883 when Hiram
Maximmodified a Winchester 1866 lever action rifle for blowback operation.
Before that, blowback operation had been used to open breeches and to cock
hammers. These days, blowback operation seems to be looked down upon and
generally not as respected as alternative systems. Today, we are taking a moment
to appreciate blowback operation. 


WHAT IS BLOWBACK OPERATION? 

When one says blowback operated, they could be referencing a number of systems.
There are plenty of delayed blowback operations like roller delayed, radial
delayed, and even chamber ring delayed. When most people say blowback, they mean
straight blowback, and that’s what we are talking about today. 

This simple system uses an unlocked breech. The bolt sits against the barrel and
chambered round but is not locked there. When the weapon is fired, the
projectile is propelled forward by force, and force also pushes rearward on the
bolt. This causes the bolt to retract rearwards, which often results in the
cartridge extracting, ejecting, and the cycling of the next round. 



When designing a firearm, the designer has to ensure the bolt stays closed long
enough for the bullet to leave the barrel before the bolt retracts. There are
several ways to achieve this, and the most common is the combination of a heavy
recoil spring paired with a heavy bolt to delay the action opening until the
projectile has left the barrel. 

As you’d imagine, this is about the simplest way for a semi-auto firearm to
operate. It was quite popular in the early 1900s for handgun operation. For
about a decade, it was the most successful way for a handgun to operate. 

Handguns that use straight blowback systems are typically shooting less powerful
rounds. Cartridges like the .32 ACP, the .22LR, and even the .380 ACP work well
in blowback handguns. In rifles and SMGs, blowback operation works well with
more powerful calibers like 9mm, 10mm, 45 ACP, and beyond. 

In handguns, you can go bigger, but this requires a very heavy slide to
function. That’s one of the reasons why Hi-Point firearms have such massive
slides. 


THE BENEFITS OF BLOWBACK OPERATION 

Blowback operation is remarkably simple! This makes it an affordable option for
firearm companies. It’s why Hi-Point handguns and carbines are so affordable.
It’s also why things like the Extar series, the Keltec SUB 2000, and the S&W FPC
are so affordable. That simplicity also ensures it’s a reliable system. 



In fact, it’s one of the most reliable systems. It works very well with a
variety of ammunition types and cycles reliably when filthy, dirty, and in the
worst environments. Adding suppressors, compensators, and breaks won’t challenge
the reliability either. These guns just run and run with very little reason to
complain. 

The system tends to be quite durable. There is a lack of small parts that can
break or malfunction with heavy use, like gas tubes and pistons. Blowback rifles
might not be lightweight, but most of the weight is to the rear of the rifle,
making it a bit better balanced than other systems. 


THE DOWNSIDES OF BLOWBACK OPERATION 

There is no such thing as a free lunch. It’s not a perfect system by any means.
Trying to chamber rifle rounds in a blowback firearm would be incredibly
difficult, so you’re left with lower-power rounds, which are most commonly
handgun cartridges. 

The weapons tend to be heavier, and the stiff springs make them harder to
operate. We also get a hefty dose of recoil. This makes a 9mm AR feel like a
5.56 AR in some cases. These guns also tend to get quite dirty, but they also
run pretty well when they are filthy, dirty anyway. 


IT WON’T DIE

Blowback operation just won’t die. It can’t! We can’t have that, and the systems
continue to function and work, so why would we? It helps keep a lot of guns
affordable, and affordable is good. Blowback operation isn’t high speed, high
tech, or all that interesting, but it’s incredibly reliable, functional, and
durable, so put some respect on its name. 


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Travis Pike
http://gatdaily.com
Travis Pike is a former Marine Machine gunner who served with 2nd Bn 2nd Marines
for 5 years. He deployed in 2009 to Afghanistan and again in 2011 with the 22nd
MEU(SOC) during a record setting 11 months at sea. He’s trained with the
Romanian Army, the Spanish Marines, the Emirate Marines and the Afghan National
Army. He serves as an NRA certified pistol instructor and teaches concealed
carry classes.



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