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Open Menu rad@denhalaw.com 248-265-4100 DENHA & ASSOCIATES, PLLC BLOG CAN A THEORY EVER BECOME A LAW WHY OR WHY NOT Coppinger pointed out that the law of gravity was discovered by Isaac Newton in the 17th century. This law mathematically describes how two different bodies in the universe interact with each other. However, Newton`s law does not explain what gravity is or how it works. It wasn`t until three centuries later, when Albert Einstein developed the theory of relativity, that scientists began to understand what gravity is and how it works. Thank you very much for the good description. It was indeed a tale of pleasure. Watch advanced for more to be pleasant of you! But how can we communicate? Well, the definition of a law is simple. It is a description – usually mathematical – of an aspect of the natural world – such as gravity. The law of gravity describes and quantifies the attraction between two objects. But the law of gravity does not explain what gravity is or why it might work this way. This is because this type of explanation falls within the realm of theory. But what happens if a theory turns out to be wrong? What happens if there is an error? Well, back to the previous questions. What happens if you build a house and then realize that there is a room without a door, with no way to get in or out? Obviously, something is wrong. Are you going to leave and start all over again? Or see if there is a way to install a door to make the space usable? Or maybe you decide that space is not needed and remove that part of the building. The same goes for scientific theories. Finding a flaw in the theory of gravity probably wouldn`t send everyone back to building an entirely new theory. Instead, scientists would look at the new evidence and see if there is a way to adjust the theory so that the new evidence matches. This happens quite often. As we learn more and more about the universe, we expand and refine our theories, our explanations about how the universe works. And the theory that explains gravity is the general theory of relativity. “Some scientific explanations are so well established that no new evidence could change them. The explanation becomes a scientific theory. In everyday language, a theory means an idea or speculation. This is not the case in science. In science, the word theory refers to a complete explanation of an important feature of nature supported by facts gathered over time. Theories also allow scientists to make predictions about unobserved phenomena. “If you think these questions don`t make much sense, then you feel very much like a scientist who has been asked, `How much evidence does it take for a theory to become law?` A house consists of many bricks, planks, nails, windows, doors, concrete, etc. A dictionary is made up of thousands of different words, and a symphony can easily have thousands of notes, all of which fit together perfectly to create enjoyable music. In the same way, theories are based on a variety of scientific laws, facts, tests, and other evidence, all of which fit together in a way that provides an explanation for how a part of the universe works. The answer is that this is not the case. Robertson chattly explains the difference between scientific law (a law only says what scientists find every time they test it); a theory (a theory is a mechanism that explains laws – NOT the same usage as in everyday life); and assumptions (one of the normal steps to develop an understanding of a problem). This article will help you strengthen your scientific background before abusing the terms – just in case you could. The article concludes with a discussion of calling evolution “just a theory.” “Assumptions, theories, and laws are more like apples, oranges, and kumquats: you can`t become another, no matter how much fertilizer and water is offered,” according to the University of California. A hypothesis is a limited explanation of a phenomenon; A scientific theory is a thorough explanation of the observed phenomenon. A law is a statement about an observed phenomenon or unifying concept, according to Kennesaw State University. Many people think that when scientists find evidence that supports a hypothesis, the hypothesis is upgraded to a theory, and if the theory turns out to be correct, it is upgraded to a law. But that`s not how it works at all. In fact, facts, theories and laws – as well as hypotheses – are separate parts of the scientific method. While they can scale, they are not upgraded to anything else. Theories cannot become laws because each serves a different purpose. Let me explain (and yes, it`s a simplified explanation). Theories are a set of ideas that help explain how or why natural phenomena occur. Laws are usually mathematical relationships that describe what is happening. Video (PageIndex{1}): What is the difference between a scientific law and a theory? Based on this definition, theories never turn into laws, no matter how much evidence they support. Formulating theories is indeed the ultimate goal of science. To say that evolution is just a theory is actually an argument for it, not against it. There is nothing you can do better in science than to be a theory. Perhaps a few examples will help illustrate the points. The laws of gas are mathematical formulas that describe what happens in the natural world. For example, gas laws predict with great accuracy that if I double the temperature of a sealed gas (at constant volume), the pressure will double. This relationship is mathematical and tells me what is going to happen; Therefore, this idea is a law. However, to explain why gases behave this way, we need to use kinetic molecular theory. Particles in a gas bounce off each other in elastic collisions (think 3D billiard balls). When we double the temperature, the tiny balls move twice as fast and collide with the container with a double force. This double force applied to the container results in double pressure. Einstein`s idea about the theory of relativity could be called a theory, but that doesn`t mean it`s not true. (Wikimedia Commons) Because the words theory and law have such different meanings in the language of science, this is often a difficult question to answer, so I`ll start by giving you some similar questions that you need to answer. A common misconception is that scientific theories are rudimentary ideas that eventually move to scientific laws when enough data and evidence has accumulated. A theory does not turn into a scientific law with the accumulation of new or better evidence. Remember, theories are explanations and laws are patterns that we see in large amounts of data that are often written as an equation. A theory will always remain a theory; A law will always remain a law. The difference between a hypothesis, a theory and a law is explained in this article. The process and order of these concepts are also explained, and rightly so, as it seems to be an m. More generally, a scientific law is the description of an observed phenomenon. It does not explain why the phenomenon exists or what causes it. The explanation of a phenomenon is called a scientific theory. It is a misconception that theories become laws with enough research. Now, let`s apply this to evolution. Often, people reject evolution because they believe it is “just a theory.” But after the above, a theory explains how or why something happens. The explanation is the part that Darwin provided (“evolution” is older than Darwin). Darwin provided a mechanism, a “how” for evolution. Darwin`s theory of natural selection is not a theory because it does not have enough evidence, it is a theory because it explains how species evolve. Evolution by natural selection is therefore not “just a theory”, it is the most empirically sound and scientifically accepted way of explaining how species evolve. “A scientific theory is a well-founded explanation of an aspect of the natural world, based on a set of facts that have been repeatedly confirmed by observation and experimentation. Such factual theories are not “conjectures” but reliable accounts of the real world. The theory of biological evolution is more than a “mere theory.” It is as factual an explanation of the universe as the atomic theory of matter (which states that everything is composed of atoms) or the germline theory of disease (which states that many diseases are caused by germs). Our understanding of gravity is still a work in progress. But the phenomenon of gravity, like evolution, is an accepted fact. In this A Moment of Science, we clarify the difference between a scientific theory and a scientific law. You know, that`s kind of the argument that if the theory of evolution were true, it would actually be a law. In fact, scientists are a little tired of some people saying that the fact that evolution is a theory means that modern science itself is not convinced that this is really happening. The U.S. National Academy of Sciences describes what a theory is as follows: Sometimes discoveries are made that are so profound that they force us to reject the old theory. Then we start from scratch to develop a new theory that corresponds to both the new and the old proof. Then the tests begin, with everyone looking for evidence that the new theory is wrong. False? Isn`t it nasty to try to prove that this is wrong? No. This is the way of science. In the words of one famous scientist, according to the National Academy of Sciences, a scientific theory is a “well-founded explanation of an aspect of the natural world that may include facts, laws, conclusions, and hypotheses tested.” In other words, all scientific theories are supported by evidence, and you can test them, and – more importantly – you can use them to make predictions. This is something that comes up frequently in discussions between scientists and the public. 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