URL: https://ru-world.net/
Submission Tags: 0xscam
Submission: On July 02 via api from US — Scanned from DE

Summary

This website contacted 3 IPs in 2 countries across 2 domains to perform 9 HTTP transactions. The main IP is 172.67.192.39, located in United States and belongs to CLOUDFLARENET, US. The main domain is ru-world.net.
TLS certificate: Issued by WE1 on June 16th 2024. Valid for: 3 months.
This is the only time ru-world.net was scanned on urlscan.io!

urlscan.io Verdict: No classification

Domain & IP information

IP Address AS Autonomous System
5 172.67.192.39 13335 (CLOUDFLAR...)
2 104.17.3.184 13335 (CLOUDFLAR...)
9 3
Apex Domain
Subdomains
Transfer
5 ru-world.net
ru-world.net
122 KB
2 cloudflare.com
challenges.cloudflare.com — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 4311
14 KB
9 2
Domain Requested by
5 ru-world.net ru-world.net
2 challenges.cloudflare.com ru-world.net
challenges.cloudflare.com
9 2

This site contains no links.

Subject Issuer Validity Valid
ru-world.net
WE1
2024-06-16 -
2024-09-14
3 months crt.sh
challenges.cloudflare.com
Cloudflare Inc ECC CA-3
2023-08-18 -
2024-08-17
a year crt.sh

This page contains 2 frames:

Primary Page: https://ru-world.net/
Frame ID: 65CED217F71477E10B902B825ACBEE57
Requests: 8 HTTP requests in this frame

Frame: https://challenges.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/turnstile/if/ov2/av0/rcv0/0/fv6zn/0x4AAAAAAAAjq6WYeRDKmebM/light/normal
Frame ID: 072616E783BB077E790371DEA029719D
Requests: 1 HTTP requests in this frame

Screenshot

Page Title

Nur einen Moment…

Page URL History Show full URLs

  1. https://ru-world.net/ HTTP 307
    https://ru-world.net/ Page URL

Page Statistics

9
Requests

78 %
HTTPS

0 %
IPv6

2
Domains

2
Subdomains

3
IPs

2
Countries

137 kB
Transfer

441 kB
Size

0
Cookies

Page URL History

This captures the URL locations of the websites, including HTTP redirects and client-side redirects via JavaScript or Meta fields.

  1. https://ru-world.net/ HTTP 307
    https://ru-world.net/ Page URL

Redirected requests

There were HTTP redirect chains for the following requests:

9 HTTP transactions

Resource
Path
Size
x-fer
Type
MIME-Type
Primary Request /
ru-world.net/
Redirect Chain
  • https://ru-world.net/
  • https://ru-world.net/
15 KB
8 KB
Document
General
Full URL
https://ru-world.net/
Protocol
H3
Security
QUIC, , AES_128_GCM
Server
172.67.192.39 , United States, ASN13335 (CLOUDFLARENET, US),
Reverse DNS
Software
cloudflare /
Resource Hash
035b59f8c85302462ec60a5684a03c149044da29937db33135d4765b0db57d11
Security Headers
Name Value
X-Frame-Options SAMEORIGIN

Request headers

Accept-Language
de-DE,de;q=0.9;q=0.9
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests
1
User-Agent
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/126.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
sec-ch-ua
"Google Chrome";v="126", "Not:A-Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="126"
sec-ch-ua-mobile
?0
sec-ch-ua-platform
"Win32"

Response headers

accept-ch
Sec-CH-UA-Bitness, Sec-CH-UA-Arch, Sec-CH-UA-Full-Version, Sec-CH-UA-Mobile, Sec-CH-UA-Model, Sec-CH-UA-Platform-Version, Sec-CH-UA-Full-Version-List, Sec-CH-UA-Platform, Sec-CH-UA, UA-Bitness, UA-Arch, UA-Full-Version, UA-Mobile, UA-Model, UA-Platform-Version, UA-Platform, UA
alt-svc
h3=":443"; ma=86400
cache-control
private, max-age=0, no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0
cf-chl-out
VVfk7G1OPj+bbSvo6jKVYa8xXIhY07af3FhK1fSQwEp6uhraE0xpJYrjSV3bBQXH3NFCHmdWlEOJJpSZaoP7UT+klh8ePagbLKCV+CRIztT3UPjso9Xe/UyelkL8tPDX56rTSOnlIh7kVKjH1Ybivw==$T79wvf0UhqChpr7HeOxbkg==
cf-mitigated
challenge
cf-ray
89cba5376b905d85-FRA
content-encoding
br
content-type
text/html; charset=UTF-8
critical-ch
Sec-CH-UA-Bitness, Sec-CH-UA-Arch, Sec-CH-UA-Full-Version, Sec-CH-UA-Mobile, Sec-CH-UA-Model, Sec-CH-UA-Platform-Version, Sec-CH-UA-Full-Version-List, Sec-CH-UA-Platform, Sec-CH-UA, UA-Bitness, UA-Arch, UA-Full-Version, UA-Mobile, UA-Model, UA-Platform-Version, UA-Platform, UA
cross-origin-embedder-policy
require-corp
cross-origin-opener-policy
same-origin
cross-origin-resource-policy
same-origin
date
Tue, 02 Jul 2024 03:45:51 GMT
expires
Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:01 GMT
nel
{"success_fraction":0,"report_to":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
origin-agent-cluster
?1
permissions-policy
accelerometer=(),autoplay=(),browsing-topics=(),camera=(),clipboard-read=(),clipboard-write=(),geolocation=(),gyroscope=(),hid=(),interest-cohort=(),magnetometer=(),microphone=(),payment=(),publickey-credentials-get=(),screen-wake-lock=(),serial=(),sync-xhr=(),usb=()
referrer-policy
same-origin
report-to
{"endpoints":[{"url":"https:\/\/a.nel.cloudflare.com\/report\/v4?s=HDJILPZ%2F6Lhji4cltwQP8m3Np8S3gvT7%2B1bZUNIA0NX9NtEXvU19wL0ZbqEthwtYpneSOf9CnlEYGLUCrFMQ8%2BRA3Ngw6Vbm8gL%2FWO2faiStcJyO3bmVZ3%2BTAbF3mVU%3D"}],"group":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
server
cloudflare
vary
Accept-Encoding
x-content-options
nosniff
x-frame-options
SAMEORIGIN

Redirect headers

Location
https://ru-world.net/
v1
ru-world.net/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/
368 KB
101 KB
Script
General
Full URL
https://ru-world.net/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=89cba5376b905d85
Requested by
Host: ru-world.net
URL: https://ru-world.net/
Protocol
H3
Security
QUIC, , AES_128_GCM
Server
172.67.192.39 , United States, ASN13335 (CLOUDFLARENET, US),
Reverse DNS
Software
cloudflare /
Resource Hash
57491887c7294a46c858c4911365ca3128a46a31fc231ac890ec05634a85aca2

Request headers

sec-ch-ua
"Google Chrome";v="126", "Not:A-Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="126"
Accept-Language
de-DE,de;q=0.9;q=0.9
sec-ch-ua-mobile
?0
User-Agent
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/126.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
sec-ch-ua-arch
"x86"
sec-ch-ua-full-version
"126.0.6478.126"
sec-ch-ua-platform-version
"10.0.0"
Referer
https://ru-world.net/?__cf_chl_rt_tk=EohLQgq5R_wc.0K_lym4VslDGKMwur2HHbMmMYoQuQU-1719891951-0.0.1.1-3455
sec-ch-ua-full-version-list
"Not/A)Brand";v="8.0.0.0", "Chromium";v="126.0.6478.126", "Google Chrome";v="126.0.6478.126"
sec-ch-ua-bitness
"64"
sec-ch-ua-model
""
sec-ch-ua-platform
"Win32"

Response headers

date
Tue, 02 Jul 2024 03:45:51 GMT
content-encoding
br
nel
{"success_fraction":0,"report_to":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
server
cloudflare
report-to
{"endpoints":[{"url":"https:\/\/a.nel.cloudflare.com\/report\/v4?s=zpHLxxbkrwqLoKe0ZT%2FlBmMxx7IyLsDVTe002HwVQheP%2F3oUyVRsl1RZz6Pwa5ieDxdfV%2BPbT7D9rccZM%2F13rmatVmzxCJ7%2F70y4SxtmVpnOnj%2Bwi98aMc7uwzsZF0Y%3D"}],"group":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
content-type
application/javascript; charset=UTF-8
cache-control
private, max-age=0, no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0
cf-ray
89cba537abb15d85-FRA
alt-svc
h3=":443"; ma=86400
api.js
challenges.cloudflare.com/turnstile/v0/g/d2a97f6b6ec9/
42 KB
14 KB
Script
General
Full URL
https://challenges.cloudflare.com/turnstile/v0/g/d2a97f6b6ec9/api.js?onload=KHGO2&render=explicit
Requested by
Host: ru-world.net
URL: https://ru-world.net/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=89cba5376b905d85
Protocol
H3
Security
QUIC, , AES_128_GCM
Server
104.17.3.184 -, , ASN13335 (CLOUDFLARENET, US),
Reverse DNS
Software
cloudflare /
Resource Hash
14b108c7f687c327d6aa759fd1d255a981d5d505b241b5b968b674e3bf50b2b9

Request headers

sec-ch-ua
"Google Chrome";v="126", "Not:A-Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="126"
Referer
Origin
https://ru-world.net
Accept-Language
de-DE,de;q=0.9;q=0.9
sec-ch-ua-mobile
?0
User-Agent
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/126.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
sec-ch-ua-platform
"Win32"

Response headers

date
Tue, 02 Jul 2024 03:45:51 GMT
content-encoding
br
last-modified
Thu, 27 Jun 2024 13:08:16 GMT
server
cloudflare
vary
Accept-Encoding
content-type
application/javascript; charset=UTF-8
access-control-allow-origin
*
cache-control
max-age=31536000
cross-origin-resource-policy
cross-origin
cf-ray
89cba53858f32bcd-FRA
alt-svc
h3=":443"; ma=86400
favicon.ico
ru-world.net/
274 B
274 B
Image
General
Full URL
https://ru-world.net/favicon.ico
Requested by
Host: ru-world.net
URL: https://ru-world.net/
Protocol
H3
Security
QUIC, , AES_128_GCM
Server
172.67.192.39 , United States, ASN13335 (CLOUDFLARENET, US),
Reverse DNS
Software
cloudflare /
Resource Hash
38fca3990cecaf950ad6d839d62c878f7d57d6c3fa84f40a7eb2a590d7d5c1e9

Request headers

sec-ch-ua
"Google Chrome";v="126", "Not:A-Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="126"
Accept-Language
de-DE,de;q=0.9;q=0.9
sec-ch-ua-mobile
?0
User-Agent
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/126.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
sec-ch-ua-arch
"x86"
sec-ch-ua-full-version
"126.0.6478.126"
sec-ch-ua-platform-version
"10.0.0"
Referer
https://ru-world.net/
sec-ch-ua-full-version-list
"Not/A)Brand";v="8.0.0.0", "Chromium";v="126.0.6478.126", "Google Chrome";v="126.0.6478.126"
sec-ch-ua-bitness
"64"
sec-ch-ua-model
""
sec-ch-ua-platform
"Win32"

Response headers

date
Tue, 02 Jul 2024 03:45:51 GMT
content-encoding
br
cf-cache-status
EXPIRED
nel
{"success_fraction":0,"report_to":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
server
cloudflare
vary
Accept-Encoding
report-to
{"endpoints":[{"url":"https:\/\/a.nel.cloudflare.com\/report\/v4?s=xTu6M7QrhDxUy%2BfsdXFRwK77zhLMJKtx6gAlxCKAzXD7aPvdmBiveX9f%2F66eoD3tdARrMjtz28P0KIP80T3Ve3UJETO1jy2O8oCcoahNkYrleMONvpNaqAxUZKSt7Wg%3D"}],"group":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
content-type
text/html; charset=iso-8859-1
cache-control
max-age=14400
cf-ray
89cba5384bfe5d85-FRA
alt-svc
h3=":443"; ma=86400
8af116c8-80d9-4b13-87b4-d2444edd0275
https://ru-world.net/
13 B
0
Other
General
Full URL
blob:https://ru-world.net/8af116c8-80d9-4b13-87b4-d2444edd0275
Requested by
Host: ru-world.net
URL: https://ru-world.net/
Protocol
BLOB
Server
-, , ASN (),
Reverse DNS
Software
/
Resource Hash
8860e7fef89219a219cb11d18bd8e4a322f32072613f86e935e7fe162ab69c04

Request headers

Accept-Language
de-DE,de;q=0.9;q=0.9
Referer
https://ru-world.net/
User-Agent
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/126.0.0.0 Safari/537.36

Response headers

Content-Length
13
Content-Type
text/javascript
favicon.ico
ru-world.net/
274 B
0
Other
General
Full URL
https://ru-world.net/favicon.ico
Protocol
H3
Security
QUIC, , AES_128_GCM
Server
172.67.192.39 , United States, ASN13335 (CLOUDFLARENET, US),
Reverse DNS
Software
cloudflare /
Resource Hash
38fca3990cecaf950ad6d839d62c878f7d57d6c3fa84f40a7eb2a590d7d5c1e9

Request headers

sec-ch-ua
"Google Chrome";v="126", "Not:A-Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="126"
Accept-Language
de-DE,de;q=0.9;q=0.9
sec-ch-ua-mobile
?0
User-Agent
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/126.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
sec-ch-ua-arch
"x86"
sec-ch-ua-full-version
"126.0.6478.126"
sec-ch-ua-platform-version
"10.0.0"
Referer
https://ru-world.net/
sec-ch-ua-full-version-list
"Not/A)Brand";v="8.0.0.0", "Chromium";v="126.0.6478.126", "Google Chrome";v="126.0.6478.126"
sec-ch-ua-bitness
"64"
sec-ch-ua-model
""
sec-ch-ua-platform
"Win32"

Response headers

date
Tue, 02 Jul 2024 03:45:51 GMT
content-encoding
br
cf-cache-status
EXPIRED
nel
{"success_fraction":0,"report_to":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
server
cloudflare
vary
Accept-Encoding
report-to
{"endpoints":[{"url":"https:\/\/a.nel.cloudflare.com\/report\/v4?s=xTu6M7QrhDxUy%2BfsdXFRwK77zhLMJKtx6gAlxCKAzXD7aPvdmBiveX9f%2F66eoD3tdARrMjtz28P0KIP80T3Ve3UJETO1jy2O8oCcoahNkYrleMONvpNaqAxUZKSt7Wg%3D"}],"group":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
content-type
text/html; charset=iso-8859-1
cache-control
max-age=14400
cf-ray
89cba5384bfe5d85-FRA
alt-svc
h3=":443"; ma=86400
ee5f69079f9c5a2
ru-world.net/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/flow/ov1/105904080:1719889719:UYkvLsvi2XR5YGDeYxp5Bf8YHetet_IaJW-LJ2ABQEE/89cba5376b905d85/
16 KB
13 KB
XHR
General
Full URL
https://ru-world.net/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/flow/ov1/105904080:1719889719:UYkvLsvi2XR5YGDeYxp5Bf8YHetet_IaJW-LJ2ABQEE/89cba5376b905d85/ee5f69079f9c5a2
Requested by
Host: ru-world.net
URL: https://ru-world.net/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=89cba5376b905d85
Protocol
H3
Security
QUIC, , AES_128_GCM
Server
172.67.192.39 , United States, ASN13335 (CLOUDFLARENET, US),
Reverse DNS
Software
cloudflare /
Resource Hash
d70983101139c123c6ccf457925ba594c3590777108521feda2827e334ba65b6

Request headers

sec-ch-ua
"Google Chrome";v="126", "Not:A-Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="126"
Accept-Language
de-DE,de;q=0.9;q=0.9
sec-ch-ua-mobile
?0
User-Agent
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/126.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
sec-ch-ua-arch
"x86"
Content-type
application/x-www-form-urlencoded
sec-ch-ua-full-version
"126.0.6478.126"
sec-ch-ua-platform-version
"10.0.0"
Referer
https://ru-world.net/
sec-ch-ua-full-version-list
"Not/A)Brand";v="8.0.0.0", "Chromium";v="126.0.6478.126", "Google Chrome";v="126.0.6478.126"
sec-ch-ua-bitness
"64"
sec-ch-ua-model
""
CF-Challenge
ee5f69079f9c5a2
sec-ch-ua-platform
"Win32"

Response headers

date
Tue, 02 Jul 2024 03:45:51 GMT
content-encoding
br
nel
{"success_fraction":0,"report_to":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
server
cloudflare
report-to
{"endpoints":[{"url":"https:\/\/a.nel.cloudflare.com\/report\/v4?s=6KIRVY6La%2Fd9RI8NEqUGH6KiMZp3bunlLBQ2iBy0WraOH5xPlfHt6Mft%2BvUIIAYmNAaK3wx%2BBXDQITrAIvewCtAMUVJJ%2BWfCDRdnKMdLJ%2Bn8lWrhe6aVts9yXzfgnR0%3D"}],"group":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
content-type
text/plain; charset=UTF-8
cf-ray
89cba538fc795d85-FRA
alt-svc
h3=":443"; ma=86400
cf-chl-gen
myTtF3yh191i3bl/b0lgaHff4wopI9fd8z9Zb2Wy27UCgEBAlf2ZF5ieglTaeo2s$kMi/SaEDnnqAn0XYHh4z0Q==
normal
challenges.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/turnstile/if/ov2/av0/rcv0/0/fv6zn/0x4AAAAAAAAjq6WYeRDKmebM/light/ Frame 0726
0
0
Document
General
Full URL
https://challenges.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/turnstile/if/ov2/av0/rcv0/0/fv6zn/0x4AAAAAAAAjq6WYeRDKmebM/light/normal
Requested by
Host: challenges.cloudflare.com
URL: https://challenges.cloudflare.com/turnstile/v0/g/d2a97f6b6ec9/api.js?onload=KHGO2&render=explicit
Protocol
H3
Security
QUIC, , AES_128_GCM
Server
104.17.3.184 -, , ASN13335 (CLOUDFLARENET, US),
Reverse DNS
Software
cloudflare /
Resource Hash
Security Headers
Name Value
Content-Security-Policy frame-src https://challenges.cloudflare.com/; base-uri 'self'

Request headers

Accept-Language
de-DE,de;q=0.9;q=0.9
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests
1
User-Agent
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/126.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
sec-ch-ua
"Google Chrome";v="126", "Not:A-Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="126"
sec-ch-ua-mobile
?0
sec-ch-ua-platform
"Win32"

Response headers

accept-ch
Sec-CH-UA-Bitness, Sec-CH-UA-Arch, Sec-CH-UA-Mobile, Sec-CH-UA-Model, Sec-CH-UA-Platform-Version, Sec-CH-UA-Full-Version-List, Sec-CH-UA-Platform, Sec-CH-UA, UA-Bitness, UA-Arch, UA-Full-Version, UA-Mobile, UA-Model, UA-Platform-Version, UA-Platform, UA
alt-svc
h3=":443"; ma=86400
cache-control
private, max-age=0, no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0
cf-ray
89cba539982665ca-FRA
content-encoding
br
content-security-policy
frame-src https://challenges.cloudflare.com/; base-uri 'self'
content-type
text/html; charset=UTF-8
critical-ch
Sec-CH-UA-Bitness, Sec-CH-UA-Arch, Sec-CH-UA-Mobile, Sec-CH-UA-Model, Sec-CH-UA-Platform-Version, Sec-CH-UA-Full-Version-List, Sec-CH-UA-Platform, Sec-CH-UA, UA-Bitness, UA-Arch, UA-Full-Version, UA-Mobile, UA-Model, UA-Platform-Version, UA-Platform, UA
cross-origin-embedder-policy
require-corp
cross-origin-opener-policy
same-origin
cross-origin-resource-policy
cross-origin
date
Tue, 02 Jul 2024 03:45:51 GMT
document-policy
js-profiling
origin-agent-cluster
?1
permissions-policy
accelerometer=(),autoplay=(),browsing-topics=(),camera=(),clipboard-read=(),clipboard-write=(),geolocation=(),gyroscope=(),hid=(),interest-cohort=(),magnetometer=(),microphone=(),payment=(),publickey-credentials-get=(),screen-wake-lock=(),serial=(),sync-xhr=(),usb=()
referrer-policy
same-origin
server
cloudflare
29cb33ec-2a3b-47fc-aeb0-12db42332a14
https://ru-world.net/
80 B
0
Other
General
Full URL
blob:https://ru-world.net/29cb33ec-2a3b-47fc-aeb0-12db42332a14
Protocol
BLOB
Server
-, , ASN (),
Reverse DNS
Software
/
Resource Hash
f3418640c1204265881221580b9d1554424f6ed49549d408da50c690ab29f400

Request headers

Accept-Language
de-DE,de;q=0.9;q=0.9
Referer
https://ru-world.net/
User-Agent
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/126.0.0.0 Safari/537.36

Response headers

Content-Length
80
Content-Type
text/javascript

Verdicts & Comments Add Verdict or Comment

21 JavaScript Global Variables

These are the non-standard "global" variables defined on the window object. These can be helpful in identifying possible client-side frameworks and code.

object| 0 undefined| event object| fence object| sharedStorage object| _cf_chl_opt function| wsLTs4 function| dscnO2 object| hcQnI6 object| rlmv3 function| VvKsa7 function| dWbrn0 function| KHGO2 boolean| ZFyKf0 function| SBtAS8 function| BGbnV0 object| sfBA6 number| YdJA6 object| angular object| turnstile boolean| VmyJD3 string| uysSN2

0 Cookies

3 Console Messages

Source Level URL
Text
network error URL: https://ru-world.net/
Message:
Failed to load resource: the server responded with a status of 403 ()
network error URL: https://ru-world.net/favicon.ico
Message:
Failed to load resource: the server responded with a status of 404 ()
network error URL: https://ru-world.net/favicon.ico
Message:
Failed to load resource: the server responded with a status of 404 ()

Security Headers

This page lists any security headers set by the main page. If you want to understand what these mean and how to use them, head on over to this page

Header Value
X-Frame-Options SAMEORIGIN