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Home » Topics » Gastroenterology Information Center

Publish Date September 22, 2021


HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION LINKED TO RISK FOR CAROTID PLAQUE FORMATION

Jeanelle Jacobs

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Nearly half of the patients were aged 44 to 55 years and few were older than 55
years. Credit: Getty Images.


Helicobacter pylori is an independent risk factor for carotid plaque formation
as well as higher BMI and triglyceride levels, according to findings from a
cross-sectional study published in Annals of Medicine. The findings may have
clinical implications for H pylori screening and treatment, the study
researchers noted.

The researchers analyzed data from 810 patients treated at Dezhou People’s
Hospital in China from January 2016 to December 2019. None of the patients had a
history of hyperlipidemia and/or chronic disorders, such as coronary heart
disease, stroke, hypertension, and diabetes.





All of the patients underwent a 2-step fasting 13C-urea breath test (13-UBT) for
detection of Helicobacter pylori. Cervical blood vessels were imaged using
Doppler ultrasound. Data on sex, age, weight, height, BMI, blood pressure,
medical history were collected, and levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol,
high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were measured.
Approximately half of the patients were aged 44 to 55 years, 40% were younger
than 44 years, and 13% were older than 55 years. 





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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Continue Reading




Approximately 46% of patients were H pylori positive and 44% were H pylori
negative. Cervical vascular plaque formation was found in 291 patients in the
overall group (40%) and was found at a significantly higher rate in the H
pylori-positive group than in the H pylori-negative group (41% vs 29%,
respectively; Table).

Patients who tested positive for H pylori infection also were significantly more
likely to have a BMI ≥25 and triglycerides >1.7 mM (Table). Levels of total
cholesterol, HDL, and LDL were not significantly different among patients with
or without H pylori infection.

TABLE. FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH H PYLORI INFECTION

FactorH pylori NegativeH pylori PositiveP valueCervical vascular
plaque29%41%<0.001BMI ≥2538%50%0.001Triglycerides31%39%0.015

Additionally, H pylori infection was a significant independent risk factor for
plaque formation, elevated BMI, and higher triglyceride levels in a multivariate
logistic regression analysis (odds ratio, 1.46, 1.43, and 1.42, respectively).

Possible explanations for this relationship are that “H pylori can directly
invade blood vessels to mature monocytes, accelerate the proliferation of
vascular smooth muscle cells or endothelial cells, and promote thrombosis,” the
study authors noted. The increased triglyceride levels and BMI in patients with
H pylori infection may be confounding factors in the link between H pylori and
carotid atherosclerosis risk, they said.  

Another proposed mechanism is that H pylori infection can cause chronic
gastritis, peptic ulcers, and other gastrointestinal diseases that may affect
the absorption and utilization of vitamins, in turn causing homocysteine levels
to accumulate in the body, according to the researchers. Previous research
suggests that increased homocysteine levels may be linked to atherosclerosis and
thromboembolic diseases.


REFERENCE

Liang H, Lin S, Ji Y, Xiao Y, Zheng G. Helicobacter pylori increases the risk of
carotid plaque formation: a clinical evidence. Ann Med. 2021;53(1): 1448-1454.
doi:10.1080/07853890.2021.1927169.


TOPICS:

Cardiovascular Disease Gastroenterology Infectious Disease


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