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Social Media


UTAH WOULD RATHER REPEAL SOCIAL MEDIA AGE CHECK LAW THAN DEFEND IT IN COURT


LAWS LIKE UTAH'S WOULD REQUIRE ANYONE USING SOCIAL MEDIA TO PROVE THEIR AGE
THROUGH METHODS SUCH AS SUBMITTING BIOMETRIC DATA OR A GOVERNMENT-ISSUED ID.

Elizabeth Nolan Brown | 1.29.2024 12:00 PM

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(Photo by Rami Al-zayat on Unsplash )

Rather than defend a clearly unconstitutional measure passed to "protect" kids
from social media, the government of Utah intends to repeal the law.

Last year, Utah became the first state to pass a law limiting minors' social
media use to those who had parental consent and requiring platforms to provide a
way for parents to access their kids' accounts. It kicked off a wave of similar
measures in statehouses across the country—laws that would require anyone using
social media to prove their age through such methods as submitting biometric
data or a government-issued ID.

Now that it faces a pair of challenges in federal court, the state has a new
stance: "Psych! We didn't actually mean it!"

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"They know it's unconstitutional. They know it's pure grandstanding and culture
warrioring," writes Techdirt editor Mike Masnick. "And they don't want to face
the music for abusing the rights of the citizens who elected them to support the
Constitution, not undermine it."

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UTAH BACKS DOWN 

Utah's parental consent for social media law (S.B. 152) was scheduled to take
effect in March, along with a law (H.B. 311) to create liability for social
media companies that "addict" kids. Both laws were challenged in December by the
tech industry association NetChoice.

Then, earlier this month, the Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression
(FIRE) sued on behalf of four Utah residents—including Hannah Zoulek, a teenager
who identifies as queer—to stop S.B. 152. "Growing up already isn't easy, and
the government making it harder to talk with people who have similar experiences
to mine just makes it even more difficult," Zoulek told FIRE.

The FIRE lawsuit is still in its earliest stages, but the NetChoice lawsuit was
already moving forward. A hearing on NetChoice's motion for preliminary
injunction was set for February 12.

Then, on January 19, Utah lawmakers voted to postpone the law's effective date
until October 1, 2024. And Utah officials asked the court to cancel the February
hearing, given that the effective date had been postponed "and the Legislature
is likely to repeal and replace the law during the current legislative session."

The state said in a January 19 motion that the law "is likely to be repealed in
the next few weeks."


TECH COMPANIES IN LIMBO


Last week, Judge David Barlow agreed to cancel the hearing about halting
enforcement of the law, "given the delayed implementation…and given the
possibility that the Act will be altered during Utah's legislative session." A
meeting to make an updated schedule is slated for mid-March.

For now, that leaves social media companies in limbo.

Utah officials said in the January 19 motion that they "anticipate" the law
being amended or replaced soon. But that's not a given, and for now the new
rules are still scheduled to take effect this fall. Should tech companies
prepare for that? For something similar? Nobody knows.



The state does "not even dispute the prospect of irreparable harm," noted
NetChoice in a reply opposing the amended schedule. "Rather, Defendants argue
that the irreparable harm is not 'imminent.'"

"NetChoice's members still need certainty about their compliance obligations
well before the Act takes effect," the group stated:

> The prospect that the Legislature might pass some legislation at some point
> that has some effect on this litigation is not enough to derail briefing that
> is well underway and set for hearing. This legislation has not even been
> introduced. Its terms are not public knowledge. Nor are its constitutional
> flaws or its overlap with the Act at issue here (if any). In any event, no one
> can make any guarantees about the outcome or timing of the legislative
> process. In the meanwhile, NetChoice's members still face an active choice
> between incurring unrecoverable compliance costs with an unconstitutional law
> or confronting potential enforcement actions when the Act takes effect in
> October.


MAKING LAWS OR MAKING HEADLINES?

If all of this represents Utah recognizing that its social media statute is an
unworkable, unconstitutional, privacy-infringing mess…great! But it also
highlights a fundamental issue with politics these days: lawmakers who are more
interested in passing legislation that makes a statement than passing
legislation that actually works.

We've seen this recently with tech bills, measures meant to curb abortion
access, laws meant to defy "wokeness," and other restrictions on books,
performances, and academic subjects that deal with race, sex, or gender themes.
Politicians often seem more intent to signal anger or disgust—and capture the
anger and disgust of constituents—than to make changes that pass constitutional
muster.

Sometimes this may just be cluelessness, and other times it may be deliberately
designed to test the limits of protected rights. But there are also
situations—like this one in Utah, or an Ohio town's speech-restricting statute
against aiding or abetting abortion—where authorities simply back down when
challenged, suggesting they know this was never going to fly and basically just
passed it as a P.R. move.

Hating on Big Tech is an especially good way to garner positive attention these
days. And saying you're doing something to "protect kids" is a time-worn way to
get props.

Besides, lawmakers are as susceptible to moral panic about new technology as
anyone else, making them vulnerable to pleas to "Do something!" even if they
know—or at least should know—that the Constitution frowns on it.

Ultimately, this winds up wasting time and a lot of taxpayer money. But as long
as that doesn't actually translate to negative consequences for the officials
whose support these laws, there's little downside for them to keep trying.




AGE VERIFICATION WHACK-A-MOLE

Social media age-check measures like Utah's "violate the First Amendment…rob
users of anonymity, pose privacy and security risks, and could be used to block
some people from being able to use social media at all," as the American Civil
Liberties Union puts it.

Alas, whatever happens in Utah, it looks like we're going to be playing
whack-a-mole with similar laws for a while.

Arkansas and Ohio passed social media age verification laws last year—the Social
Media Safety Act and the Parental Notification by Social Media Operators Act,
respectively—though courts have preliminarily blocked enforcement of both.

Louisiana also passed social media age verification measure last year (the
Secure Online Child Interaction and Age Limitation Act), as did Texas (the
Securing Children Online Through Parental Empowerment Act, or SCOPE). The
Louisiana measure is supposed to take effect in July, and the Texas law is
slated to take effect in September.

Similar proposals are now on the table in Florida, Georgia, and New Jersey.

And this isn't even counting the laws passed or under consideration to card
people visiting porn websites.

There's also federal legislation—like the Social Media Child Protection Act and
the Protecting Kids on Social Media Act—that would require nationwide age
verification by social media platforms. And both at the federal and state level,
proposals like these have been gaining bipartisan support. For many Democrats
and Republicans alike, free speech is out and childproofing the internet is in
this year.


TODAY'S IMAGE

Richmond, 2018 (ENB/Reason)

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NEXT: Death in Jordan

Elizabeth Nolan Brown is a senior editor at Reason.

Social MediaFree SpeechChildrenTeenagersPrivacyFirst
AmendmentLawsuitsUtahTechnologyInternetCivil Liberties
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