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 2. / World & News
 3. / Countries of the World
 4. / Oman

Cite


OMAN


FACTS & FIGURES


Map of Oman

 * Sultan: Qabus ibn Sa'id (1970)
   
   Total area: 82,031 sq mi (212,460 sq km)1
   
   Population (2014 est.): 3,219,775 (growth rate: 2.06%); birth rate:
   24.47/1000; infant mortality rate: 14/1000; life expectancy: 74.97
   
   Capital (2011 est.): Muscat, 743,000
   
   Monetary unit: Omani rial
   
   National name: Saltanat Uman
   
   Current government officials
   
   Languages: Arabic (official), English, Baluchi, Urdu, Indian dialects
   
   Ethnicity/race: Arab, Baluchi, South Asian (Indian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan,
   Bangladeshi), African
   
   Religions: Muslim (official; majority are Ibadhi, lesser numbers of Sunni and
   Shia) 85.9%, Christian 6.5%, Hindu 5.5%, Buddhist 0.8%, Jewish <.1, other 1%,
   unaffiliated 0.2% note: approximately 75% of Omani citizens, who compose
   almost 70% of the country's total population, are Ibadhi Muslims; the Omani
   government does not keep statistics on religious affiliation (2013)
   
   National Holiday: Birthday of Sultan Qaboos, November 18
   
   Literacy rate: 86.9% (2010 est.)
   
   Economic summary: GDP/PPP (2013 est.): $94.86 billion; per capita $29,800.
   Real growth rate: 5.1%. Inflation: 1.6%. Unemployment: 15% (2004 est.).
   Arable land: 0.1%. Agriculture: dates, limes, bananas, alfalfa, vegetables;
   camels, cattle; fish. Labor force: 968,800 (2007 est.); agriculture n.a.,
   industry n.a., services n.a. Industries: crude oil production and refining,
   natural and liquefied natural gas (LNG) production; construction, cement,
   copper, steel, chemicals, optic fiber. Natural resources: petroleum, copper,
   asbestos, some marble, limestone, chromium, gypsum, natural gas. Exports:
   $56.22 billion (2013 est.): petroleum, reexports, fish, metals, textiles.
   Imports: $30.75 billion (2013 est.): machinery and transport equipment,
   manufactured goods, food, livestock, lubricants. Major trading partners:
   China, South Korea, Japan, Thailand, UAE, U.S., Singapore, India (2012).
   
   Communications: Telephones: main lines in use: 305,000 (2012); mobile
   cellular: 5.278 million (2012). Broadcast media: 1 state-run TV broadcaster;
   TV stations transmitting from Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and Yemen available via
   satellite TV; state-run radio operates multiple stations; first private radio
   station began operating in 2007 and 2 additional stations now operating
   (2007). Internet hosts: 14,531 (2012). Internet users: 1.465 million (2009).
   
   Transportation: Railways: 0 km. Highways: total: 60,240 km; paved: 29,685 km
   (including 1,943 km of expressways); unpaved: 30,545 km (2012). Ports and
   harbors: Mina' Qabus, Salalah, Suhar. Airports: 132 (2013).
   
   International disputes: boundary agreement reportedly signed and ratified
   with UAE in 2003 for entire border, including Oman's Musandam Peninsula and
   Al Madhah enclave, but details of the alignment have not been made public
   
   Major sources and definitions



Next



INDEX

 1. Oman Profile
 2. History

GEOGRAPHY

 

Oman is a 1,000-mile-long (1,700 km) coastal plain at the southeast tip of the
Arabian Peninsula lying on the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman. It is bordered
by the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, and Yemen. The country is the size of
Kansas.

 

GOVERNMENT

 

Absolute monarchy.

HISTORY

 

Arabs migrated to Oman from the 9th century BC onward, and conversion to Islam
occurred in the 7th century AD Muscat, the capital of the geographical area
known as Oman, was occupied by the Portuguese from 1508 to 1648. Then it fell to
Ottoman Turks, but in 1741, Ahmad ibn Sa'id forced them out, and the descendants
of Sultan Ahmad rule Oman today.

Ahmad expanded his empire to East Africa, and for a time the Omani capital was
in Zanzibar. After 1861, however, Zanzibar fell from Omani control.

The sultans and imams of Oman clashed continuously throughout the 20th century
until 1959, when the last Ibadi imam was evicted from the country. In a palace
coup on July 23, 1970, the sultan, Sa'id bin Taimur, who had ruled since 1932,
was overthrown by his son, Qabus ibn Sa'id, who promised to establish a modern
government and use newfound oil wealth to aid the people of this very isolated
state. Oman joined the Arab League and the United Nations in 1971.

A long border dispute with Yemen was resolved in Oct. 1992; in 1997, the
countries agreed to new maps defining the border.

In 1997, Sultan Qabus granted women the right to be elected to the country's
consultative body, the Shura Council (Majlis al-Shura). In 2003, the sultan
extended voting rights to everyone over 21; previously, voters were selected
from among the elite, and only about a quarter of the population was allowed to
vote.

 

POLITICAL UNREST IN THE MIDDLE EAST SPREADS TO OMAN

 

Oman, typically a peaceful country, was rocked by protests that swept through
the Middle East in early 2011. In late February, protesters took to the streets
of Sohar, in the northeast, and demanded higher salaries, more employment
opportunities, and political reform. Police moved in and fired rubber bullets at
the demonstrators, reportedly killing two people. After the violence, Sultan
Qabus promised to create 50,000 jobs and offered each person seeking employment
about $390 per month.

See also Encyclopedia: Oman .

U.S. State Dept. Country Notes: Oman

Ministry of National Economy http://www.moneoman.gov.om/

 

Next: History
1 2

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