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OSTI.GOV Journal Article: Cybersecurity Attacks in Vehicular Sensors
TITLE: CYBERSECURITY ATTACKS IN VEHICULAR SENSORS
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ABSTRACT
Today's modern vehicles contain anywhere from sixty to one-hundred sensors and
exhibit the characteristics of Cyber-Physical-Systems (CPS). There is a high
degree of coupling, cohesiveness, and interactions among vehicle's CPS
components (e.g., sensors, devices, systems, systems-of-systems) across sensing,
communication, and control layers. Cyber-attacks in the sensing or communication
layers can compromise the security of the control layer. This paper provides a
detailed review of potential cyber threats related to the sensing layer.
Notably, the focus is mainly towards two categories of sensors: vehicle dynamics
sensors (e.g., Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems (TPMS), magnetic encoders, and
inertial sensors) and environment sensors (e.g., Light Detection and Ranging
(LiDAR), ultrasonic, camera, Radio Detection and Ranging (Radar) systems, and
Global Positioning System (GPS) units). Furthermore, the paper also offers
perspectives through existing countermeasures from literature and stresses the
need for data-driven cybersecurity solutions.
Authors: El-Rewini, Zeinab [1];
* Search OSTI.GOV for author "El-Rewini, Zeinab"
* Search OSTI.GOV for ORCID "0000-0002-7090-465X"
* Search orcid.org for ORCID "0000-0002-7090-465X"
Sadatsharan, Karthikeyan [2]; Sugunaraj, Niroop [3];
* Search OSTI.GOV for author "Sugunaraj, Niroop"
* Search OSTI.GOV for ORCID "0000-0002-6165-0862"
* Search orcid.org for ORCID "0000-0002-6165-0862"
Selvaraj, Daisy Flora [4]; Plathottam, Siby Jose [5]; Ranganathan, Prakash [1]
* Search OSTI.GOV for author "Ranganathan, Prakash"
* Search OSTI.GOV for ORCID "0000-0001-8638-660X"
* Search orcid.org for ORCID "0000-0001-8638-660X"
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Show Author Affiliations
1. Univ. of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND (United States). Data, Energy, Cyber,
and Systems (DECS) Lab.
2. Honda Research and Development Americas, Raymond, OH (United States)
3. Univ. of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND (United States)
4. Univ. of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND (United States). Energy and
Environmental Research Center
5. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States)
Publication Date: 2020-06-22 Research Org.: Argonne National Lab. (ANL),
Argonne, IL (United States) Sponsoring Org.: USDOE OSTI Identifier: 1763654
Grant/Contract Number: AC02-06CH11357 Resource Type: Journal Article: Accepted
Manuscript Journal Name: IEEE Sensors Journal Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 20; Journal Issue: 22; Journal ID: ISSN 1530-437X Publisher:
IEEE Country of Publication: United States Language: English Subject: 97
MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING; Cyber-attacks; environment sensors; sensing layer;
vehicle dynamics sensors; CPS; cohesiveness; systems-of-systems; sensing
communication; vehicle dynamics systems; tire pressure monitoring systems;
inertial sensors
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CITATION FORMATS
* MLA
* APA
* Chicago
* BibTeX
El-Rewini, Zeinab, Sadatsharan, Karthikeyan, Sugunaraj, Niroop, Selvaraj, Daisy
Flora, Plathottam, Siby Jose, and Ranganathan, Prakash. Cybersecurity Attacks in
Vehicular Sensors. United States: N. p., 2020. Web.
doi:10.1109/jsen.2020.3004275.
Copy to clipboard
El-Rewini, Zeinab, Sadatsharan, Karthikeyan, Sugunaraj, Niroop, Selvaraj, Daisy
Flora, Plathottam, Siby Jose, & Ranganathan, Prakash. Cybersecurity Attacks in
Vehicular Sensors. United States. https://doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2020.3004275
Copy to clipboard
El-Rewini, Zeinab, Sadatsharan, Karthikeyan, Sugunaraj, Niroop, Selvaraj, Daisy
Flora, Plathottam, Siby Jose, and Ranganathan, Prakash. 2020. "Cybersecurity
Attacks in Vehicular Sensors". United States.
https://doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2020.3004275.
https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1763654.
Copy to clipboard
@article{osti_1763654,
title = {Cybersecurity Attacks in Vehicular Sensors},
author = {El-Rewini, Zeinab and Sadatsharan, Karthikeyan and Sugunaraj, Niroop
and Selvaraj, Daisy Flora and Plathottam, Siby Jose and Ranganathan, Prakash},
abstractNote = {Today's modern vehicles contain anywhere from sixty to
one-hundred sensors and exhibit the characteristics of Cyber-Physical-Systems
(CPS). There is a high degree of coupling, cohesiveness, and interactions among
vehicle's CPS components (e.g., sensors, devices, systems, systems-of-systems)
across sensing, communication, and control layers. Cyber-attacks in the sensing
or communication layers can compromise the security of the control layer. This
paper provides a detailed review of potential cyber threats related to the
sensing layer. Notably, the focus is mainly towards two categories of sensors:
vehicle dynamics sensors (e.g., Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems (TPMS),
magnetic encoders, and inertial sensors) and environment sensors (e.g., Light
Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), ultrasonic, camera, Radio Detection and Ranging
(Radar) systems, and Global Positioning System (GPS) units). Furthermore, the
paper also offers perspectives through existing countermeasures from literature
and stresses the need for data-driven cybersecurity solutions.},
doi = {10.1109/jsen.2020.3004275},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1763654}, journal = {IEEE Sensors Journal},
issn = {1530-437X},
number = 22,
volume = 20,
place = {United States},
year = {2020},
month = {6}
}
Copy to clipboard
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Journal Article:
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https://doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2020.3004275
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political, social, and financial impact of cyberattacks ? or public
perception of such ? would ripple across the industry and produce lasting
effects. Unfo rtunately, there is currently no comprehensive EVSE
cybersecurity approach and limited best practices have been adopted by the
EV/EVSE industry. There is an incomplete industry understanding of the attack
surface, interconnected assets, and unsecured inter faces. C omprehensive
cybersecurity recommendations founded on sound research are necessary to
secure EV charging infrastructure. This project provided the power, security,
and automotive industry with a strong technical basis for securing this
infrastructu re by developing threat models, determining technology gaps, and
identifying or developing effective countermeasures. Specifically, the team
created a cybersecurity threat model and performed a technical risk
assessment of EVSE assets across multiple manuf acturers and vendors , so
that automotive, charging, and utility stakeholders could better protect
customers, vehicles, and power systems in the face of new cyber
threats.« less
* https://doi.org/10.2172/1877784
* Full Text Available
* SECURITY VULNERABILITIES OF CONNECTED VEHICLE STREAMS AND THEIR IMPACT ON
COOPERATIVE DRIVING
Journal Article Amoozadeh, Mani; Raghuramu, Arun; Chuah, Chen-nee; ... - IEEE
Communications Magazine
Autonomous vehicles capable of navigating unpredictable real-world
environments with little human feedback are a reality today. Such systems
rely heavily on onboard sensors such as cameras, radar/LIDAR, and GPS as well
as capabilities such as 3G/4G connectivity and V2V/V2I communication to make
real-time maneuvering decisions. Autonomous vehicle control imposes very
strict requirements on the security of the communication channels used by the
vehicle to exchange information as well as the control logic that performs
complex driving tasks such as adapting vehicle velocity or changing lanes.
This research presents a first look at the effects of security attacks on the
communicationmore » channel as well as sensor tampering of a connected
vehicle stream equipped to achieve CACC. Our simulation results show that an
insider attack can cause significant instability in the CACC vehicle stream.
We also outline how different countermeasures, such as downgrading to ACC
mode, could potentially be used to improve the security and safety of the
connected vehicle streams.« less
Cited by 75
* https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.2015.7120028
* Full Text Available
* FACILITY CYBERSECURITY FRAMEWORK BEST PRACTICES
Technical Report Gourisetti, Sri Nikhil; Reeve, Hayden; Rotondo, Julia; ...
Federal facilities are increasingly adopting automation and connecting to the
Internet creating an energy-internet-of-things environment that converges
operational technology (OT) and information technology (IT). Today's
buildings increasingly weave together networked sensors and cyber and
physical systems that enable data to be collected, aggregated, exchanged,
stored and monetized in new ways. Building technological advances have
created new energy technology, services, markets and value creation
opportunities (e.g. transactive energy, two-way grid communications, machine
learning, and increased use of renewable and distributed energy resources).
But as larger data sets are being exchanged at faster speeds between an
increasing number of OT systems, itmore » becomes more difficult to protect
the security of the data lifecycle and the physical equipment it interacts
with. These challenges are especially difficult to overcome because the
economic and environmental gain (interoperability, big data, social networks
and ubiquitous information sharing) are driving these prominent trends in the
digital age. Often cybersecurity is an afterthought. The U.S. Department of
Energy’s (DOE) Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP) funded the Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) to develop various cybersecurity tools,
trainings, and reports to aid federal facility managers – and other building
owners and operators – in better applying frameworks and lessons learned from
the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Cybersecurity
Framework (CSF), risk management framework (RMF), DOE’s cybersecurity
capability maturity model (C2M2), and a wide variety of industry best
practices and guidance documents (i.e., NIST 800 series, Department of
Defense United Facilities Criteria). This set of tools, collectively known as
the FEMP Facility-Related Control System Cyber Toolkit (FRCS Cyber Toolkit)2,
is focused on cybersecurity concerns from facility-related control systems
and other operational technology (OT), such as industrial control systems
(ICS). The FRCS Cyber Toolkit can be applied across six of the sixteen
critical infrastructure sectors designated by the Department of Homeland
Security, including government facilities, healthcare and public health,
commercial facilities (e.g., public assembly, offices, lodging), financial
services (e.g., banking and insurance), emergency services (e.g., fire and
police stations), and information technology. With increasingly converged IT
and OT systems, it is crucial to address OT cybersecurity considerations and
assess how the seam of these two systems could impact the overall
cybersecurity posture of a facility. The objective of this report is to
provide an overview of the best possible method to use FRCS Cyber Toolkit
(section 2.0) and distilled cybersecurity best practices for the federal
facilities to address growing non-linear cyber threats (section 3.0).
Recommendations in this document are aggregated from several NIST and other
documents (see Appendix A for additional details).« less
* https://doi.org/10.2172/1660771
* Full Text Available
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