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URL:
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2022/10/fossil-fuels-incompatible-1-5c-goal-energy-climate-change-study/
Submission: On June 04 via api (June 4th 2024, 3:28:57 pm UTC) from LU — Scanned from DE

Form analysis
6 forms found in the DOM

<form>
  <fieldset>
    <legend class="visuallyhidden">Consent Selection</legend>
    <div id="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyFieldsetInnerContainer">
      <div class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonWrapper"><label class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonLabel" for="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonNecessary"><strong
            class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonDescription">Necessary</strong></label>
        <div class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSliderWrapper CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSliderWrapperDisabled"><input type="checkbox" id="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonNecessary"
            class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButton CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonDisabled" disabled="disabled" checked="checked"> <span class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSlider"></span></div>
      </div>
      <div class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonWrapper"><label class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonLabel" for="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonPreferences"><strong
            class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonDescription">Preferences</strong></label>
        <div class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSliderWrapper"><input type="checkbox" id="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonPreferences" class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButton CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelConsentCheckbox"
            data-target="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonPreferencesInline" checked="checked" tabindex="0"> <span class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSlider"></span></div>
      </div>
      <div class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonWrapper"><label class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonLabel" for="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonStatistics"><strong
            class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonDescription">Performance</strong></label>
        <div class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSliderWrapper"><input type="checkbox" id="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonStatistics" class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButton CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelConsentCheckbox"
            data-target="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonStatisticsInline" checked="checked" tabindex="0"> <span class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSlider"></span></div>
      </div>
      <div class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonWrapper"><label class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonLabel" for="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonMarketing"><strong
            class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonDescription">Marketing</strong></label>
        <div class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSliderWrapper"><input type="checkbox" id="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonMarketing" class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButton CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelConsentCheckbox"
            data-target="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonMarketingInline" checked="checked" tabindex="0"> <span class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSlider"></span></div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </fieldset>
</form>

<form><input type="checkbox" id="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonNecessaryInline" class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButton CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonDisabled" disabled="disabled" checked="checked"> <span
    class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSlider"></span></form>

<form><input type="checkbox" id="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonPreferencesInline" class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButton CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelConsentCheckbox" data-target="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonPreferences"
    checked="checked" tabindex="0"> <span class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSlider"></span></form>

<form><input type="checkbox" id="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonStatisticsInline" class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButton CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelConsentCheckbox" data-target="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonStatistics"
    checked="checked" tabindex="0"> <span class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSlider"></span></form>

<form><input type="checkbox" id="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonMarketingInline" class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButton CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelConsentCheckbox" data-target="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonMarketing" checked="checked"
    tabindex="0"> <span class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSlider"></span></form>

<form class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSliderWrapper"><input type="checkbox" id="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyContentCheckboxPersonalInformation" class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButton"> <span
    class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSlider"></span></form>

Text Content

THIS WEBSITE USES COOKIES

The World Economic Forum uses necessary cookies to make our site work. We would
also like to set optional "marketing" cookies to personalise content and ads and
“performance” cookies to improve the website.

Consent Selection
Necessary

Preferences

Performance

Marketing

Show details
* Necessary 63

Necessary cookies help make a website usable by enabling basic functions like
page navigation and access to secure areas of the website. The website cannot
function properly without these cookies.
* Cookiebot
1
Learn more about this provider
1.gifUsed to count the number of sessions to the website, necessary for
optimizing CMP product delivery.
Expiry: SessionType: Pixel
* Dailymotion
1
Learn more about this provider
usprivacyDetects whether the user has checked the Do Not Sell My Personal
Information-button on the website. This feature is a part of the CCPA.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
* Google
1
Learn more about this provider
test_cookieUsed to check if the user's browser supports cookies.
Expiry: 0 dayType: HTTP
* Kaltura
1
Learn more about this provider
object(#-#-##:#:#.#)Holds the users timezone.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
* LinkedIn
2
Learn more about this provider
li_gcStores the user's cookie consent state for the current domain
Expiry: 179 daysType: HTTP
bscookieThis cookie is used to identify the visitor through an
application. This allows the visitor to login to a website through their
LinkedIn application for example.
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
* Loginradius
5
Learn more about this provider
_GRECAPTCHAThis cookie is used to distinguish between humans and bots.
This is beneficial for the website, in order to make valid reports on the
use of their website.
Expiry: 179 daysType: HTTP
rc::aThis cookie is used to distinguish between humans and bots. This is
beneficial for the website, in order to make valid reports on the use of
their website.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
rc::bThis cookie is used to distinguish between humans and bots.
Expiry: SessionType: HTML
rc::cThis cookie is used to distinguish between humans and bots.
Expiry: SessionType: HTML
rc::d-15#This cookie is used to distinguish between humans and bots.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
* NASA
1
Learn more about this provider
cookietestThis cookie is used to determine if the visitor has accepted the
cookie consent box.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
* OneTrust
1
Learn more about this provider
OptanonConsentDetermines whether the visitor has accepted the cookie
consent box. This ensures that the cookie consent box will not be
presented again upon re-entry.
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
* Parse.ly
1
Learn more about this provider
cookies.js_dtestThis cookie determines whether the browser accepts
cookies.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
* VWO
7
Learn more about this provider
t.gifEnsures that product pictures are presented correctly on website.
Expiry: SessionType: Pixel
_vwo_uuid_v2 [x5]This cookie is set to make split-tests on the website,
which optimizes the website's relevance towards the visitor – the cookie
can also be set to improve the visitor's experience on a website.
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
nlsgd#Pending
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
* World Economic Forum
8
Learn more about this provider
tsThis cookie is necessary for the PayPal login-function on the website.
Expiry: 13 monthsType: HTTP
v1stPending
Expiry: 13 monthsType: HTTP
SessionSets a unique ID for the session. This allows the website to obtain
data on visitor behaviour for statistical purposes.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
fdisIdentifies the logged in user. A unique session ID is linked to the
user so that they are identified while navigating the website. The user is
logged out when the session expires.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
followTopicUsed to set topic preferences for unauthenticated visitors
prior to authentication
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
redirect_pathUserd to handle internal page redirects
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
refresh_token_prodA token used to refresh a user's authenticated session
upon access_token expriry
Expiry: 30 daysType: HTTP
STICKYUsed to distribute traffic to the website on several servers in
order to optimise response times.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
* adsensecustomsearchads.com
youtube.com
google.com

3
CONSENT [x3]Used to detect if the visitor has accepted the marketing
category in the cookie banner. This cookie is necessary for
GDPR-compliance of the website.
Expiry: 2 yearsType: HTTP
* api2.hcaptcha.com
1
__cflbRegisters which server-cluster is serving the visitor. This is used
in context with load balancing, in order to optimize user experience.
Expiry: 0 dayType: HTTP
* assets.weforum.org
consent.cookiebot.com

11
CookieConsent [x11]Stores the user's cookie consent state for the current
domain
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
* fonts.net
livestream.com
onesignal.com
pexels.com
vimeo.com

5
__cf_bm [x5]This cookie is used to distinguish between humans and bots.
This is beneficial for the website, in order to make valid reports on the
use of their website.
Expiry: 0 dayType: HTTP
* nr-data.net
www.linkedin.com

2
JSESSIONID [x2]Preserves users states across page requests.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
* resourcewatch.org
4
__Host-next-auth.csrf-tokenEnsures visitor browsing-security by preventing
cross-site request forgery. This cookie is essential for the security of
the website and visitor.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
__Secure-next-auth.callback-urlUsed in order to detect spam and improve
the website's security.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
connect.sidThe cookie is necessary for secure log-in and the detection of
any spam or abuse of the website.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
nextauth.messagePreserves users states across page requests.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
* tag.aticdn.net
3
_cookie_test [x3]This cookie determines whether the browser accepts
cookies.
Expiry: 0 dayType: HTTP
* weforum.file.force.com
weforum--c.documentforce.com

4
CookieConsentPolicy [x2]Stores the user's cookie consent state for the
current domain
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
LSKey-c$CookieConsentPolicy [x2]Determines whether the user has accepted
the cookie consent box.
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
* widget.sndcdn.com
1
sc_anonymous_idUsed in context with the 3D-view-function on the website.
Expiry: 10 yearsType: HTTP

* Preferences 25

Preference cookies enable a website to remember information that changes the
way the website behaves or looks, like your preferred language or the region
that you are in.
* Acast
1
Learn more about this provider
AcastLangThis cookie is used to determine the preferred language of the
visitor and sets the language accordingly on the website, if possible.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
* LinkedIn
3
Learn more about this provider
langNecessary for maintaining language-settings across subpages on the
website.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
lidcRegisters which server-cluster is serving the visitor. This is used in
context with load balancing, in order to optimize user experience.
Expiry: 0 dayType: HTTP
li_alertsUsed to determine when and where certain pop-ups on the website
should be presented for the user and remember whether the user has closed
these, to keep them from showing multiple times.
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
* Sli.do
4
Learn more about this provider
app.lastEventUuidCaptures state of last user event on the app too ensure
user flow states are maintained
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
app.redux.localFeatureFlagsSets locale as per user preference on the
browser
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
app.redux.rememberedUserMaintains user state while using Sli.do app on the
website
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
app.redux.uiNewQuestions.readQuestionsIdsEnables capture of new questions
from users
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
* Tableau
2
Learn more about this provider
tableau_localeThe cookie determines the preferred language and
country-setting of the visitor - This allows the website to show content
most relevant to that region and language.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
tableau_public_negotiated_localeUsed in context with the language setting
on the website. Facilitates the translation into the preferred language of
the visitor.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
* Vimeo
2
Learn more about this provider
playerSaves the user's preferences when playing embedded videos from
Vimeo.
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
sync_activeContains data on visitor's video-content preferences - This
allows the website to remember parameters such as preferred volume or
video quality. The service is provided by Vimeo.com.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
* Weglot
1
Learn more about this provider
wglangDetermines the preferred language of the visitor. Allows the website
to set the preferred language upon the visitor's re-entry.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
* World Economic Forum
7
Learn more about this provider
jwplayerLocalIdUsed to determine the optimal video quality based on the
visitor's device and network settings.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
i18next.translate.booUsed in context with the language setting on the
website. Facilitates the translation into the preferred language of the
visitor.
Expiry: SessionType: HTML
i18nextLng [x2]Determines the preferred language of the visitor. Allows
the website to set the preferred language upon the visitor's re-entry.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
inlined_view_idThis cookie is used in conjunction with the video player.
The cookie remembers if the user has muted the volume and keeps this
setting on other video content watched by the visitor.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
dismissedCtaBannerUsed to determine whether a visitor has dismissed a call
to action
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
dismissedNavPromoUsed to determine whether a visitor has dismissed a call
to action
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
* www.climatewatchdata.org
5
ONE_SIGNAL_SDK_DB#IdsDetects whether the user should be presented with a
notification-bar upon entry on the website.
Expiry: PersistentType: IDB
ONE_SIGNAL_SDK_DB#NotificationClickedUsed by the website to determine
which support notifications the user has been shown.
Expiry: PersistentType: IDB
ONE_SIGNAL_SDK_DB#NotificationOpenedContains the widget state on whether
it has been minimized or opened for internal statistics.
Expiry: PersistentType: IDB
ONE_SIGNAL_SDK_DB#NotificationReceivedUsed by the website to determine
which support notifications the user has been shown.
Expiry: PersistentType: IDB
ONE_SIGNAL_SDK_DB#SessionsUsed to maintain visitors' preferences
throughout the visit and sub-pages.
Expiry: PersistentType: IDB

* Performance 187

Performance cookies help website owners to understand how visitors interact
with websites by collecting and reporting information anonymously.
* Alibaba.com
1
Learn more about this provider
APLUS_LS_KEYRegisters statistical data on users' behaviour on the website.
Used for internal analytics by the website operator.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
* Appcues
2
Learn more about this provider
apc_local_idUsed in context with the VR-content on website. Collects data
on who, what and when the content has been viewed for statistical
purposes.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
apc_userUsed in context with the VR-content on website. Collects data on
who, what and when the content has been viewed for statistical purposes.
Expiry: SessionType: HTML
* Google
98
Learn more about this provider
__utma [x4]Collects data on the number of times a user has visited the
website as well as dates for the first and most recent visit. Used by
Google Analytics.
Expiry: 2 yearsType: HTTP
__utmb [x4]Registers a timestamp with the exact time of when the user
accessed the website. Used by Google Analytics to calculate the duration
of a website visit.
Expiry: 0 dayType: HTTP
__utmc [x4]Registers a timestamp with the exact time of when the user
leaves the website. Used by Google Analytics to calculate the duration of
a website visit.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
__utmv [x4]Saves user-defined tracking parameters for use in Google
Analytics.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
__utmz [x4]Collects data on where the user came from, what search engine
was used, what link was clicked and what search term was used. Used by
Google Analytics.
Expiry: 6 monthsType: HTTP
_ga [x25]Registers a unique ID that is used to generate statistical data
on how the visitor uses the website.
Expiry: 2 yearsType: HTTP
_ga_# [x18]Used by Google Analytics to collect data on the number of times
a user has visited the website as well as dates for the first and most
recent visit.
Expiry: 2 yearsType: HTTP
_gid [x21]Registers a unique ID that is used to generate statistical data
on how the visitor uses the website.
Expiry: 0 dayType: HTTP
_gat [x6]Used by Google Analytics to throttle request rate
Expiry: 0 dayType: HTTP
__utm.gifGoogle Analytics Tracking Code that logs details about the
visitor's browser and computer.
Expiry: SessionType: Pixel
collectUsed to send data to Google Analytics about the visitor's device
and behavior. Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels.
Expiry: SessionType: Pixel
__utmt [x2]Used to throttle the speed of requests to the server.
Expiry: 0 dayType: HTTP
__gsasUsed by Google AdSense for experimenting with advertisement
efficiency across websites using their services.
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
tdRegisters statistical data on users' behaviour on the website. Used for
internal analytics by the website operator.
Expiry: SessionType: Pixel
__utmdThis cookie is used to assign specific visitors into segments, this
segmentation is based on visitor behavior on the website - the
segmentation can be used to target larger groups.
Expiry: 0 dayType: HTTP
__utmliCollects statistics on the user's visits to the website, such as
the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages
have been read.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
* LinkedIn
1
Learn more about this provider
AnalyticsSyncHistoryUsed in connection with data-synchronization with
third-party analysis service.
Expiry: 29 daysType: HTTP
* OECD
1
Learn more about this provider
context_historyPending
Expiry: SessionType: HTML
* Parse.ly
3
Learn more about this provider
_parsely_sessionThis cookie is used to collect data on visitor behavior on
the website.
Expiry: 0 dayType: HTTP
_parsely_visitorThis cookie is used to determine if the visitor has
visited the website before, or if it is a new visitor on the website.
Expiry: 13 monthsType: HTTP
parsely_uuidRegisters statistical data on users' behaviour on the website.
Used for internal analytics by the website operator.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
* Quantcast
5
Learn more about this provider
__qcaCollects data on the user's visits to the website, such as the number
of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been
loaded with the purpose of generating reports for optimising the website
content.
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
_dlt [x2]Sets a unique ID for the session. This allows the website to
obtain data on visitor behaviour for statistical purposes.
Expiry: 0 dayType: HTTP
__qcaCollects data on the user's visits to the website, such as the number
of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been
loaded with the purpose of generating reports for optimising the website
content.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
qcSesCollects data on the user's visits to the website, such as the number
of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been
loaded with the purpose of generating reports for optimising the website
content.
Expiry: SessionType: HTML
* Salesforce
2
Learn more about this provider
BrowserId [x2]Registers a unique ID that identifies the user's device for
return visits.
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
* Sli.do
4
Learn more about this provider
_persistenceTest [x2]Pending
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
Slido.EventAuthTokens [x2]Pending
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
* Taobao.com
2
Learn more about this provider
x5secdataRegisters statistical data on users' behaviour on the website.
Used for internal analytics by the website operator.
Expiry: 0 dayType: HTTP
xlly_sCollects data on visitor interaction with the website's
video-content. This data is used to make the website's video-content more
relevant towards the visitor.
Expiry: 2 daysType: HTTP
* VWO
11
Learn more about this provider
analyzeThis cookie is used by the website’s operator in context with
multi-variate testing. This is a tool used to combine or change content on
the website. This allows the website to find the best variation/edition of
the site.
Expiry: SessionType: Pixel
l.gifThis cookie is used by the website’s operator in context with
multi-variate testing. This is a tool used to combine or change content on
the website. This allows the website to find the best variation/edition of
the site.
Expiry: SessionType: Pixel
v.gifThis cookie is set to make split-tests on the website, which
optimizes the website's relevance towards the visitor – the cookie can
also be set to improve the visitor's experience on a website.
Expiry: SessionType: Pixel
vwoSnThis cookie is set to make split-tests on the website, which
optimizes the website's relevance towards the visitor – the cookie can
also be set to improve the visitor's experience on a website.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
_vis_opt_exp_#_combiUsed by Visual Website Optimizer to ensure that the
same user interface variant is displayed for each visit, if the user is
participating in a design experiment.
Expiry: 99 daysType: HTTP
_vis_opt_sUsed by Visual Website Optimizer to determine if the visitor is
participating in a design experiment.
Expiry: 99 daysType: HTTP
_vis_opt_test_cookieUsed to check if the user's browser supports cookies.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
_vwo_dsCollects data on the user's visits to the website, such as the
number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have
been loaded with the purpose of generating reports for optimising the
website content.
Expiry: 2 monthsType: HTTP
_vwo_referrerRegisters data on visitors' website-behaviour. This is used
for internal analysis and website optimization.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
_vwo_snCollects statistics on the visitor's visits to the website, such as
the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages
have been read.
Expiry: 0 dayType: HTTP
_vwo_uuidUsed by Visual Website Optimizer to ensure that the same user
interface variant is displayed for each visit, if the user is
participating in a design experiment.
Expiry: 10 yearsType: HTTP
* World Economic Forum
6
Learn more about this provider
_cb_svrefCollects data such as visitors' IP address, geographical location
and website navigation - This information is used for internal
optimization and statistics for the website's operator.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
_cb_svref_expiresThis cookie is used in context with HTML local storage,
this sets an expiry date/time for the _cb_sverf, which makes it function
like a cookie.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
APLUS_CNARegisters statistical data on users' behaviour on the website.
Used for internal analytics by the website operator.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
dmvkRegisters statistical data on users' behaviour on the website. Used
for internal analytics by the website operator.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
createDateContains the expiry date for other cookies.
Expiry: SessionType: HTML
NRBA_SESSIONCollects data on the user’s navigation and behavior on the
website. This is used to compile statistical reports and heatmaps for the
website owner.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
* embed-cdn.spotifycdn.com
1
sentryReplaySessionRegisters data on visitors' website-behaviour. This is
used for internal analysis and website optimization.
Expiry: SessionType: HTML
* force.com
weforum--c.documentforce.com

3
BrowserId_sec [x3]Registers statistical data on users' behaviour on the
website. Used for internal analytics by the website operator.
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
* livestream.com
f.vimeocdn.com

2
vuid [x2]Collects data on visitor interaction with the website's
video-content. This data is used to make the website's video-content more
relevant towards the visitor.
Expiry: 2 yearsType: HTTP
* public.powrcdn.com
3
ahoy_unique_#Registers statistical data on users' behaviour on the
website. Used for internal analytics by the website operator.
Expiry: 0 dayType: HTTP
ahoy_visitRegisters statistical data on users' behaviour on the website.
Used for internal analytics by the website operator.
Expiry: 0 dayType: HTTP
ahoy_visitorRegisters statistical data on users' behaviour on the website.
Used for internal analytics by the website operator.
Expiry: 2 yearsType: HTTP
* static.chartbeat.com
39
_cb [x6]Collects data such as visitors' IP address, geographical location
and website navigation - This information is used for internal
optimization and statistics for the website's operator.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
_chartbeat2 [x6]Collects data on the user's visits to the website, such as
which pages have been read.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
_chartbeat4 [x21]Collects data on the user's visits to the website, such
as which pages have been read.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
_v__cb_cp [x2]Collects data such as visitors' IP address, geographical
location and website navigation - This information is used for internal
optimization and statistics for the website's operator.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
_cbCollects data such as visitors' IP address, geographical location and
website navigation - This information is used for internal optimization
and statistics for the website's operator.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
_cb_expiresThis cookie is used in context with HTML local storage, this
sets an expiry date/time for the _cb tracker, which makes it function like
a cookie.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
_chartbeat4This cookie determines whether the user is new or returning and
if they are a visitor or administrator/website owner.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
_cbtCollects data such as visitors' IP address, geographical location and
website navigation - This information is used for internal optimization
and statistics for the website's operator.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
* tag.aticdn.net
2
atuseridRegisters statistical data on users' behaviour on the website.
Used for internal analytics by the website operator.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
pa_userRegisters statistical data on users' behaviour on the website. Used
for internal analytics by the website operator.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
* widget.sndcdn.com
1
number(#)Used to track user’s interaction with embedded content.
Expiry: SessionType: HTML

* Marketing 111

Marketing cookies are used to track visitors across websites. The intention
is to display ads that are relevant and engaging for the individual user and
thereby more valuable for publishers and third party advertisers.
* Alibaba.com
5
Learn more about this provider
atpsidaRegisters a unique ID that identifies the user's device during
return visits. Used for conversion tracking and to measure the efficacy of
online ads.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
scaUsed to track user’s interaction with embedded content.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
tfstk [x2]Necessary for the implementation of video-content on the
website.
Expiry: 179 daysType: HTTP
isgSets a unique ID for the visitor, that allows third party advertisers
to target the visitor with relevant advertisement. This pairing service is
provided by third party advertisement hubs, which facilitates real-time
bidding for advertisers.
Expiry: 179 daysType: HTTP
* Baidu
4
Learn more about this provider
HMACCOUNT_BFESSUsed to send data to Baidu about the visitor's device and
behavior. Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels.
Expiry: 399 daysType: HTTP
Hm_ck_#Used to send data to Baidu about the visitor's device and behavior.
Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
Hm_lpvt_#Used to send data to Baidu about the visitor's device and
behavior. Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
Hm_lvt_#Used to send data to Baidu about the visitor's device and
behavior. Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels.
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* Chartbeat
1
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pingCollects data such as visitors' IP address, geographical location and
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1
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relevant towards the visitor.
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* Google
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_gcl_au [x5]Used by Google AdSense for experimenting with advertisement
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Expiry: 3 monthsType: HTTP
IDEUsed by Google DoubleClick to register and report the website user's
actions after viewing or clicking one of the advertiser's ads with the
purpose of measuring the efficacy of an ad and to present targeted ads to
the user.
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
pagead/landing [x2]Collects data on visitor behaviour from multiple
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same advertisement.
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ads/ga-audiencesUsed by Google AdWords to re-engage visitors that are
likely to convert to customers based on the visitor's online behaviour
across websites.
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NIDRegisters a unique ID that identifies a returning user's device. The ID
is used for targeted ads.
Expiry: 6 monthsType: HTTP
GoogleAdServingTestUsed to register what ads have been displayed to the
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* Iqiyi.com
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Hm_lpvt_#Used to send data to Baidu about the visitor's device and
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Hm_lvt_#Used to send data to Baidu about the visitor's device and
behavior. Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels.
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HMACCOUNTUsed to send data to Baidu about the visitor's device and
behavior. Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels.
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* LinkedIn
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UserMatchHistoryEnsures visitor browsing-security by preventing cross-site
request forgery. This cookie is essential for the security of the website
and visitor.
Expiry: 29 daysType: HTTP
* Loginradius
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mcCollects data on the user's visits to the website, such as what pages
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* ScorecardResearch
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UIDCollects information of the user and his/her movement, such as
timestamp for visits, most recently loaded pages and IP address. The data
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understand the customer's preferences.
Expiry: 399 daysType: HTTP
* Sli.do
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NRBA_SESSION_IDCollects user data through quiz/survey-like content. This
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* Spotify
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sp_landingUsed to implement audio-content from Spotify on the website. Can
also be used to register user interaction and preferences in context with
audio-content - This can serve statistics and marketing purposes.
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sp_tUsed to implement audio-content from Spotify on the website. Can also
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* Twitter Inc.
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Twitter service.
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i/jotSets a unique ID for the visitor, that allows third party advertisers
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provided by third party advertisement hubs, which facilitates real-time
bidding for advertisers.
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i/jot/embedsSets a unique ID for the visitor, that allows third party
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pairing service is provided by third party advertisement hubs, which
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RichHistoryCollects data on visitors' preferences and behaviour on the
website - This information is used make content and advertisement more
relevant to the specific visitor.
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s.gifRegisters user behaviour and navigation on the website, and any
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* World Economic Forum
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mp_#_mixpanel [x6]Pending
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
client_tokenUsed to track the visitor's usage of GIFs - This serves for
analytical and marketing purposes.
Expiry: SessionType: HTML
expires_inUsed to track the visitor's usage of GIFs - This serves for
analytical and marketing purposes.
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token_typeRegisters data on visitors from multiple visits and on multiple
websites. This information is used to measure the efficiency of
advertisement on websites.
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giphyPingbackIdUsed to track the visitor's usage of GIFs - This serves for
analytical and marketing purposes.
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TabIdCollects data on visitors' behaviour and interaction - This is used
to optimize the website and make advertisement on the website more
relevant.
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nWC1Uzs7EIPending
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* YouTube
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LAST_RESULT_ENTRY_KEYUsed to track user’s interaction with embedded
content.
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LogsDatabaseV2:V#||LogsRequestsStorePending
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nextIdUsed to track user’s interaction with embedded content.
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remote_sidNecessary for the implementation and functionality of YouTube
video-content on the website.
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requestsUsed to track user’s interaction with embedded content.
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ServiceWorkerLogsDatabase#SWHealthLogNecessary for the implementation and
functionality of YouTube video-content on the website.
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Expiry: 179 daysType: HTTP
VISITOR_PRIVACY_METADATAPending
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YSCPending
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
yt.innertube::nextIdRegisters a unique ID to keep statistics of what
videos from YouTube the user has seen.
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yt.innertube::requestsRegisters a unique ID to keep statistics of what
videos from YouTube the user has seen.
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ytidb::LAST_RESULT_ENTRY_KEYUsed to track user’s interaction with embedded
content.
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YtIdbMeta#databasesUsed to track user’s interaction with embedded content.
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yt-remote-cast-availableStores the user's video player preferences using
embedded YouTube video
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yt-remote-cast-installedStores the user's video player preferences using
embedded YouTube video
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yt-remote-connected-devicesStores the user's video player preferences
using embedded YouTube video
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yt-remote-device-idStores the user's video player preferences using
embedded YouTube video
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yt-remote-fast-check-periodStores the user's video player preferences
using embedded YouTube video
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yt-remote-session-appStores the user's video player preferences using
embedded YouTube video
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yt-remote-session-nameStores the user's video player preferences using
embedded YouTube video
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* Youku.com
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__arpvid [x2]Used to track user’s interaction with embedded content.
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__ayft [x2]Used to track user’s interaction with embedded content.
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__aypstp [x2]Used to track user’s interaction with embedded content.
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__ayscnt [x2]Used to track user’s interaction with embedded content.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
__aysid [x2]Used to track user’s interaction with embedded content.
Expiry: 1 dayType: HTTP
__ayspstp [x2]Used to track user’s interaction with embedded content.
Expiry: 1 dayType: HTTP
__ysuid [x2]Used to track user’s interaction with embedded content.
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
* mmstat.com
youku.com

2
cna [x2]Presents the user with relevant content and advertisement. The
service is provided by third-party advertisement hubs, which facilitate
real-time bidding for advertisers.
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
* static.chartbeat.com
12
_cb_svref [x6]This cookie is used to collect information on a visitor.
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_chartbeat2Used by the web analytics company Chartbeat to register whether
the user has visited the website before.
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_chartbeat2_expiresUsed by the web analytics company Chartbeat to register
whether the user has visited the website before.
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_chartbeat4_expiresUsed by the web analytics company Chartbeat to register
whether the user has visited the website before.
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_v__chartbeat3Contains data on user navigation, interaction and time spent
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relevance of advertisements and for statistical purposes.
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time spent on the website and its sub-pages. This data is used to optimise
the relevance of advertisements and for statistical purposes.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
_v__chartbeat3Contains data on user navigation, interaction and time spent
on the website and its sub-pages. This data is used to optimise the
relevance of advertisements and for statistical purposes.
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* tag.aticdn.net
1
_pprvCollects data on user behaviour and interaction in order to optimize
the website and make advertisement on the website more relevant.
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
* widget.sndcdn.com
1
WIDGET::local::assignmentsUsed by audio-platform SoundCloud to implement,
measure and improve their embedded content/service on the website - The
collection of data also includes visitors’ interaction with embedded
content/service. This can be used for statistics or marketing purposes.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
* www.climatewatchdata.org
1
ONE_SIGNAL_SDK_DB#OptionsUsed to track visitors on multiple websites, in
order to present relevant advertisement based on the visitor's
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* Flourish
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* Iqiyi.com
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__dfpPending
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QC005Pending
Expiry: 90 yearsType: HTTP
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QC008Pending
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Expiry: 0 dayType: HTTP
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Expiry: 90 yearsType: HTTP
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Expiry: 2 daysType: HTTP
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Expiry: 0 dayType: HTTP
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Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
QP001Pending
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
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Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
TQC030Pending
Expiry: 90 yearsType: HTTP
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QCUserPending
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* Parse.ly
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(unnamed)Pending
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* Sli.do
2
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app.lastEventClusterIdPending
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app.redux.uiApp.preferredLightnessPending
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* Tableau
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hidPending
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Energy Transition

NEW FOSSIL FUELS ‘INCOMPATIBLE’ WITH 1.5°C GOAL, COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS FINDS

Oct 28, 2022
This article first appeared on Carbon Brief.

Some countries have used more fossil fuels this year to try and boost their
energy security.

Image: Unsplash/Chris LeBoutillier

SIMON EVANS

Policy Editor, Carbon Brief

*
*
*
*
*

Our Impact
What's the World Economic Forum doing to accelerate action on Energy Transition?
The Big Picture

EXPLORE AND MONITOR HOW OIL AND GAS IS AFFECTING ECONOMIES, INDUSTRIES AND
GLOBAL ISSUES

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OIL AND GAS

This article is part of: United Nations Climate Change Conference COP27
* Developing new oil and gas fields is 'incompatible' with limiting temperature
rises to 1.5°C, a new report says.
* It comes amid rising fossil fuel use as countries try to boost energy
security following Russia's invasion of Ukraine.
* A rapid expansion of renewable power use would remove the need for new oil
and gas extraction, but current investment in these technologies is falling
short.

There is a “large consensus” across all published studies that developing new
oil and gas fields is “incompatible” with the 1.5C target, a new report says.

The findings, from the International Institute for Sustainable Development
(IISD), are based on a comprehensive review of all “feasible” routes to staying
below 1.5C.

They echo – and, therefore, strengthen – the conclusions of the International
Energy Agency (IEA), which has said there are “no new oil and gas fields
approved for development in our [1.5C] pathway”.

The new report comes amid a scramble for energy security after Russia’s invasion
of Ukraine. Countries, including the UK, have been looking to fossil fuels to
shore up their energy supplies.

Rapidly expanding technologies, such as wind and solar, would leave no space for
new oil and gas extraction, according to both the IISD and IEA. Yet current
investment in these technologies is falling short of what would be required to
stay below 1.5C.

Redirecting the $570bn of annual planned new oil and gas investments could
“fully finance” wind and solar expansion in line with the 1.5C target, the IISD
says.

SCENARIO ANALYSIS

Today’s report informs policymakers, investors and companies about how to align
their decisions with the aspirational 1.5C target of the Paris Agreement. It is
based on a comprehensive review of “pathways” that limit warming to 1.5C,
created using integrated assessment models (IAMs).

The report explicitly spells out the implications for fossil fuel investment.
This goes beyond the recent Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
report on how to tackle climate change.

The IPCC said “greatly reduced” fossil fuel use would be “fundamental” to
limiting warming. And it warned that existing fossil fuel infrastructure was
already sufficient to breach the 1.5C limit.

Yet the IPCC stopped short of explicitly backing an earlier report from the IEA,
which had concluded: “Beyond projects already committed as of 2021, there are no
new oil and gas fields approved for development in our [1.5C] pathway.”

The IEA finding was very widely reported at the time and is still cited

regularly. However, some companies and governments have continued to sidestep
the findings.

These efforts attempt to minimise the implications of the 1.5C target for the
fossil fuel industry. They exploit nuances and caveats around climate action
pathways created in computer models.

Such pathways necessarily rely on a series of assumptions about the Earth’s
climate as well as future populations, economic development and technological
change.

These assumptions differ between modelling groups. Moreover, there are many
possible routes to reaching a given target. As such, findings from any
individual pathway are open to question.

Today’s new report significantly squeezes the space for question marks by
showing that the IEA was not an outlier. It says there is a “large consensus
across multiple modelled climate energy pathways” that “developing…new oil and
gas fields is incompatible with limiting warming to 1.5C”.

‘FEASIBLE’ ROUTES

The report reviews all published, “feasible” routes to staying below 1.5C with
at least 50% likelihood. It then explores what these routes show for new oil and
gas expansion.

It looks at pathways assessed by the IPCC and those from the IEA, the
International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) and private-sector organisations,
such as BP.

Specifically, the report takes the 97 scenarios that limit warming to 1.5C with
“no or limited overshoot”, categorised as “C1” in the IPCC report.

These scenarios are then checked against “feasibility” thresholds from the IPCC
report. For example, the IPCC said there were “medium levels of concern” over
capturing more than 3bn tonnes of carbon dioxide (GtCO2) per year with carbon
capture and storage (CCS).

The review excludes scenarios exceeding the “medium” feasibility thresholds for
the scaling up of fossil fuel CCS, bioenergy with CCS (BECCS) and afforestation
or reforestation. This leaves 26 pathways from the IPCC report that feasibly
limit warming to 1.5C.

(The IISD did not filter for feasibility dimensions relating to wind and solar
scale up, energy efficiency improvements or institutional barriers, lead author
Olivier Bois von Kursk tells Carbon Brief.)

The dark blue line in the figure below shows CO2 emissions from burning oil and
gas in the median of the IPCC 1.5C scenarios. This is compared with the IEA’s
1.5C pathway (“NZE”, purple).

By 2030, combined emissions from oil and gas decline by 15% and 29% in the IEA
and IPCC scenarios, respectively. By 2050, they decline by 65% and 68%,
respectively.

The next step is to compare these pathways with the expected emissions from
burning oil and gas from existing fields (dark grey area, below) and those
already under development (light grey).

The figure shows that these existing and under-development fields are sufficient
to meet demand for oil and gas, if the world follows a 1.5C pathway.
Consequently, there would be no space for oil and gas from developing new fields
(pink) or from new exploration in licensed reserves (red).

Global CO2 emissions from burning fossil fuels, billions of tonnes per year.
Image: Carbon Brief.

The IISD report also looks at 1.5C pathways developed by IRENA, oil firm BP, the
consultancies BloombergNEF, DNV and Navigant, and the University of Technology
Sydney.

These pathways are shown as coloured lines on the figure below, against the same
shaded areas for emissions from existing and new oil and gas fields. The figure
also includes some of the individual scenarios from the IPCC report, namely
“IMP-REN” and “IMP-LD”.

CO2 emissions from burning oil and gas, billions of tonnes per year. Image:
Carbon Brief.

Once again, the figure shows production from existing fields, or those under
development, is sufficient to meet demand in the large majority of 1.5C
scenarios.

In a few pathways, such as that from BP, oil and gas demand rises above the
output expected from existing fields in earlier years. However, Bois von Kursk
notes that oil and gas use in 2050 then drops below the output expected from
existing fields. This means any new developments brought online to meet demand
in the short term risk becoming “stranded assets” later on, he says.

CAVEAT EMPTOR

The energy from new oil and gas development would be needed to meet rising
global demand. Image: Pixabay/MustangJoe

The question of “stranded assets” highlights one of the challenges with using
model scenarios to inform decision making. It also points to some caveats around
the report’s findings.

Model pathways are typically designed to minimise costs or maximise economic
“welfare”. This depends on assumptions, including future fossil fuel and
technology prices. The models also tend to assume perfectly rational action and
“perfect foresight” over the optimal path to the goal.

To illustrate the problem with translating model results into real-world
implications, consider the following example. If the world built hundreds of new
coal power plants tomorrow, but never switched them on, it would, at least in
theory, have no impact on progress towards the 1.5C target.

The coal plants would not generate electricity or emissions, beyond those from
construction. It would have been a large waste of money and the coal plants
would become stranded assets.

On the other hand, the companies that built the plants might apply political
pressure to ensure they could, after all, operate them profitably. This would
create the risk of fossil fuel emissions “lock in”. These sorts of dynamics are
not easily captured by models of the climate and economy.

Returning to the IISD report, it concludes that developing new oil and gas
fields would be “incompatible” with 1.5C. This is not quite true, as the report
itself explains.

The IISD report says it is possible that new oil and gas could be compatible
with 1.5C, if old fields were also retired early. Bois von Kursk tells Carbon
Brief this is rare, however:

“Early closure of fields already in production are extremely rare and we don’t
see that happening unless the economics becomes unfavourable for fields with
high extraction costs. Accordingly, since fields are almost never closed before
the end of their economic lifetime, we advocate for preventing any new fields
from opening up to avoid stranded assets or the risk of busting the carbon
budget for 1.5C.”

More fundamentally, the energy from new oil and gas development would be needed
to meet rising global demand unless alternative energy sources are available in
sufficient quantities.

As the report notes, wind and solar are not currently expanding quickly enough
for 1.5C. Similarly, the IEA said low-carbon energy investment needed to triple
to get on track.

The IISD says the annual wind and solar investment gap, between expected growth
and what would be needed for 1.5C, will reach $450bn by 2030. The report also
says investments in new oil and gas fields are expected to reach $570bn per year
by 2030. Redirecting these oil and gas investments would “fully finance” the
scale up of wind and solar, it says.

Is stopping the development of new fossil fuel sources a precondition for
meeting 1.5C, or would a sufficient rise in alternative energy sources render
new oil and gas fields unnecessary?

This is an important distinction, explained by Christophe McGlade, head of the
IEA energy supply unit, in a recent Energy Transition Show podcast. The answer
cannot be found in models.

Instead, this is a political question. There is a growing movement among
academics, campaigners and some governments to actively tackle fossil fuel
supply.

The Chinese government, on the other hand, has effectively made an increase in
low-carbon energy a precondition for the phasing out of fossil fuels, with its
president Xi Jinping recently repeating his instruction to “build[] the new
before discarding the old”.

Discover

How is the World Economic Forum facilitating the transition to clean energy?

The Fostering Effective Energy Transition 2023 report showed that after a decade
of progress, the global energy transition has plateaued amid the global energy
crisis and geopolitical volatilities.

The World Economic Forum’s Centre for Energy and Materials is driving the
transition to a “fit for 2050” energy system. It is a cross-industry platform
building new coalitions and delivering insights required for a sustainable,
secure and just energy future.

Learn more about our impact:

* Clean energy in emerging economies: We are advancing country-specific
renewable energy finance solutions for four of the biggest emerging and
developing economies: India, Brazil, Nigeria and Indonesia. In the latter, a
new solar and battery initiative is bringing 15MW of clean energy to the East
Sumba region – enough to power 4,000 homes and avoid 5.5KtCO₂ yearly
emissions.
* Energy Transition Index: We have measured the progress of 120 countries on
the performance of their energy systems, enabling policymakers and businesses
to identify the necessary actions for the energy transition.
* Mining and metals blockchain: We released a proof of concept to trace
emissions across the value chain using blockchain technology, helping
accelerate global action for country-specific financing solutions.
* Clean power and electrification: We are accelerating the adoption of clean
power and electric solutions in the next decade to help increase clean energy
consumption threefold by 2030.

Want to know more about our centre’s impact or get involved? Contact us.

HAVE YOU READ?

* 5 WAYS TO CUT OIL AND GAS USE THROUGH CLEAN TRANSPORTATION

* FOSSIL FUELS: IS THE WORLD ON TRACK FOR MOVING PAST COAL, OIL AND GAS
PRODUCTION?

* WHAT WILL IT TAKE TO ACHIEVE A LOW-CARBON FUTURE?

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