www.guru99.com Open in urlscan Pro
2606:4700::6813:9b5c Public Scan

Back to summary

Submitted URL:
https://guru99.com/dbms-transaction-management.html
Effective URL:
https://www.guru99.com/dbms-transaction-management.html
Submission: On December 30 via manual (December 30th 2022, 12:55:44 am UTC) from US — Scanned from DE

Form analysis
1 forms found in the DOM

GET https://www.guru99.com/

<form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://www.guru99.com/">
  <label>
    <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span>
    <input type="search" class="search-field" placeholder="Search …" value="" name="s">
  </label>
  <input type="submit" class="search-submit" value="Search">
  <div class="kadence-search-icon-wrap"><span class="kadence-svg-iconset"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="kadence-svg-icon kadence-search-svg" fill="currentColor" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="26" height="28"
        viewBox="0 0 26 28">
        <title>Search</title>
        <path
          d="M18 13c0-3.859-3.141-7-7-7s-7 3.141-7 7 3.141 7 7 7 7-3.141 7-7zM26 26c0 1.094-0.906 2-2 2-0.531 0-1.047-0.219-1.406-0.594l-5.359-5.344c-1.828 1.266-4.016 1.937-6.234 1.937-6.078 0-11-4.922-11-11s4.922-11 11-11 11 4.922 11 11c0 2.219-0.672 4.406-1.937 6.234l5.359 5.359c0.359 0.359 0.578 0.875 0.578 1.406z">
        </path>
      </svg></span></div>
</form>

Text Content

Skip to content
 * Home
 * TestingExpand
   * Agile Testing
   * JUnit
   * Quality Center(ALM)
   * Bugzilla
   * HP Loadrunner
   * RPA
   * Cucumber
   * Software Testing
   * SAP Testing
   * Database Testing
   * Mobile Testing
   * Selenium
   * ETL Testing
   * Mantis
   * SoapUI
   * JMeter
   * Postman
   * TEST Management
   * JIRA
   * QTP
   * TestLink
 * SAPExpand
   * ABAP
   * CRM
   * PI/PO
   * APO
   * Crystal Reports
   * PP
   * Beginners
   * FICO
   * SD
   * Basis
   * HANA
   * SAPUI5
   * BODS
   * HR
   * Security Tutorial
   * BI/BW
   * MM
   * Solution Manager
   * BPC
   * QM
   * Successfactors
   * CO
   * Payroll
   * SAP Courses
 * WebExpand
   * Apache
   * Java
   * PHP
   * SQL Server
   * AngularJS
   * JSP
   * PL/SQL
   * UML
   * ASP.NET
   * Kotlin
   * PostgreSQL
   * VB.NET
   * C
   * Linux
   * Python
   * VBScript
   * C#
   * MariaDB
   * ReactJS
   * Web Services
   * C++
   * MS Access
   * Ruby & Rails
   * WPF
   * CodeIgniter
   * MySQL
   * Scala
   * SQLite
   * DBMS
   * Node.js
   * SQL
   * Perl
   * JavaScript
 * Must LearnExpand
   * Accounting
   * Embedded Systems
   * Operating System
   * Algorithms
   * Ethical Hacking
   * PMP
   * Android
   * Excel Tutorial
   * Photoshop
   * Blockchain
   * Go Programming
   * Project Management
   * Business Analyst
   * IoT
   * Reviews
   * Build Website
   * ITIL
   * Salesforce
   * Cloud Computing
   * Jenkins
   * SEO
   * COBOL
   * MIS
   * Software Engineering
   * Compiler Design
   * Movie
   * VBA
   * Courses
   * Networking
   * VPN
 * Big DataExpand
   * AWS
   * Hive
   * Power BI
   * Big Data
   * Informatica
   * Qlikview
   * Cassandra
   * MicroStrategy
   * Tableau
   * Cognos
   * MongoDB
   * Talend
   * Data Warehousing
   * NiFi
   * ZooKeeper
   * DevOps
   * OBIEE
   * Pentaho
   * HBase
 * Live ProjectExpand
   * Live Agile Testing
   * Live Selenium Project
   * Live HP ALM
   * Live Selenium 2
   * Live Java Project
   * Live Security Testing
   * Live Mobile Testing
   * Live Testing Project
   * Live Payment Gateway
   * Live Testing 2
   * Live PHP Project
   * Live Telecom
   * Live Projects Hub
   * Live UFT/QTP Testing
   * Live Python Project
   * Live SEO Project
 * AIExpand
   * Artificial Intelligence
   * PyTorch
   * Data Science
   * R Programming
   * Keras
   * TensorFlow
   * NLTK

Search
Toggle Menu


TRANSACTION MANAGEMENT IN DBMS: WHAT ARE ACID PROPERTIES?

ByRichard Peterson Hours UpdatedOctober 29, 2022


WHAT IS A DATABASE TRANSACTION?

A Database Transaction is a logical unit of processing in a DBMS which entails
one or more database access operation. In a nutshell, database transactions
represent real-world events of any enterprise.

All types of database access operation which are held between the beginning and
end transaction statements are considered as a single logical transaction in
DBMS. During the transaction the database is inconsistent. Only once the
database is committed the state is changed from one consistent state to another.



Database Transaction

In this tutorial, you will learn:

 * What is a Database Transaction?
 * Facts about Database Transactions
 * Why do you need concurrency in Transactions?
 * States of Transactions
 * What are ACID Properties?
 * Types of Transactions
 * What is a Schedule?


FACTS ABOUT DATABASE TRANSACTIONS

 * A transaction is a program unit whose execution may or may not change the
   contents of a database.
 * The transaction concept in DBMS is executed as a single unit.
 * If the database operations do not update the database but only retrieve data,
   this type of transaction is called a read-only transaction.
 * A successful transaction can change the database from one CONSISTENT STATE to
   another
 * DBMS transactions must be atomic, consistent, isolated and durable
 * If the database were in an inconsistent state before a transaction, it would
   remain in the inconsistent state after the transaction.


WHY DO YOU NEED CONCURRENCY IN TRANSACTIONS?

A database is a shared resource accessed. It is used by many users and processes
concurrently. For example, the banking system, railway, and air reservations
systems, stock market monitoring, supermarket inventory, and checkouts, etc.

Not managing concurrent access may create issues like:


 * Hardware failure and system crashes
 * Concurrent execution of the same transaction, deadlock, or slow performance


STATES OF TRANSACTIONS

The various states of a transaction concept in DBMS are listed below:

State Transaction types Active State A transaction enters into an active state
when the execution process begins. During this state read or write operations
can be performed. Partially Committed A transaction goes into the partially
committed state after the end of a transaction. Committed State When the
transaction is committed to state, it has already completed its execution
successfully. Moreover, all of its changes are recorded to the database
permanently. Failed State A transaction considers failed when any one of the
checks fails or if the transaction is aborted while it is in the active state.
Terminated State State of transaction reaches terminated state when certain
transactions which are leaving the system can’t be restarted.

State Transition Diagram for a Database Transaction

Let’s study a state transition diagram that highlights how a transaction moves
between these various states.

 1. Once a transaction states execution, it becomes active. It can issue READ or
    WRITE operation.
 2. Once the READ and WRITE operations complete, the transactions becomes
    partially committed state.
 3. Next, some recovery protocols need to ensure that a system failure will not
    result in an inability to record changes in the transaction permanently. If
    this check is a success, the transaction commits and enters into the
    committed state.
 4. If the check is a fail, the transaction goes to the Failed state.
 5. If the transaction is aborted while it’s in the active state, it goes to the
    failed state. The transaction should be rolled back to undo the effect of
    its write operations on the database.
 6. The terminated state refers to the transaction leaving the system.




WHAT ARE ACID PROPERTIES?

ACID Properties are used for maintaining the integrity of database during
transaction processing. ACID in DBMS stands for Atomicity, Consistency,
Isolation, and Durability.

 * Atomicity: A transaction is a single unit of operation. You either execute it
   entirely or do not execute it at all. There cannot be partial execution.
 * Consistency: Once the transaction is executed, it should move from one
   consistent state to another.
 * Isolation: Transaction should be executed in isolation from other
   transactions (no Locks). During concurrent transaction execution,
   intermediate transaction results from simultaneously executed transactions
   should not be made available to each other. (Level 0,1,2,3)
 * Durability: · After successful completion of a transaction, the changes in
   the database should persist. Even in the case of system failures.


ACID PROPERTY IN DBMS WITH EXAMPLE:

Below is an example of ACID property in DBMS:

Transaction 1: Begin X=X+50, Y = Y-50 END
Transaction 2: Begin X=1.1*X, Y=1.1*Y END


Transaction 1 is transferring $50 from account X to account Y.

Transaction 2 is crediting each account with a 10% interest payment.

If both transactions are submitted together, there is no guarantee that the
Transaction 1 will execute before Transaction 2 or vice versa. Irrespective of
the order, the result must be as if the transactions take place serially one
after the other.


TYPES OF TRANSACTIONS

Based on Application areas

 * Non-distributed vs. distributed
 * Compensating transactions
 * Transactions Timing
 * On-line vs. batch

Based on Actions

 * Two-step
 * Restricted
 * Action model

Based on Structure

 * Flat or simple transactions: It consists of a sequence of primitive
   operations executed between a begin and end operations.
 * Nested transactions: A transaction that contains other transactions.
 * Workflow




WHAT IS A SCHEDULE?

A Schedule is a process creating a single group of the multiple parallel
transactions and executing them one by one. It should preserve the order in
which the instructions appear in each transaction. If two transactions are
executed at the same time, the result of one transaction may affect the output
of other.

Example

Initial Product Quantity is 10
Transaction 1: Update Product Quantity to 50
Transaction 2: Read Product Quantity


If Transaction 2 is executed before Transaction 1, outdated information about
the product quantity will be read. Hence, schedules are required.

Parallel execution in a database is inevitable. But, Parallel execution is
permitted when there is an equivalence relation amongst the simultaneously
executing transactions. This equivalence is of 3 Types.

RESULT EQUIVALENCE:

If two schedules display the same result after execution, it is called result
equivalent schedule. They may offer the same result for some value and different
results for another set of values. For example, one transaction updates the
product quantity, while other updates customer details.

View Equivalence

View Equivalence occurs when the transaction in both the schedule performs a
similar action. Example, one transaction inserts product details in the product
table, while another transaction inserts product details in the archive table.
The transaction is the same, but the tables are different.

CONFLICT Equivalence

In this case, two transactions update/view the same set of data. There is a
conflict amongst transaction as the order of execution will affect the output.


WHAT IS SERIALIZABILITY?

Serializability is the process of search for a concurrent schedule who output is
equal to a serial schedule where transaction are execute one after the other.
Depending on the type of schedules, there are two types of serializability:

 * Conflict
 * View


SUMMARY:

 * Transaction management is a logical unit of processing in a DBMS which
   entails one or more database access operation
 * It is a transaction is a program unit whose execution may or may not change
   the contents of a database.
 * Not managing concurrent access may create issues like hardware failure and
   system crashes.
 * Active, Partially Committed, Committed, Failed & Terminate are important
   transaction states.
 * The full form of ACID Properties in DBMS is Atomicity, Consistency,
   Isolation, and Durability
 * Three DBMS transactions types are Base on Application Areas, Action, &
   Structure.
 * A Schedule is a process creating a single group of the multiple parallel
   transactions and executing them one by one.
 * Serializability is the process of search for a concurrent schedule whose
   output is equal to a serial schedule where transactions are executed one
   after the other.


YOU MIGHT LIKE:

 * DBMS Schemas: Internal, Conceptual, External
 * DBMS Concurrency Control: Timestamp & Lock-Based Protocols
 * SQL vs NoSQL – Difference Between Them
 * Difference Between Primary key and Unique key
 * DBMS Tutorial PDF: Database Management Systems


POST NAVIGATION

Report a Bug
Previous Prev
NextContinue




TOP TUTORIALS


About
About Us
Advertise with Us
Write For Us
Contact Us

PYTHON

TESTING

HACKING

Career Suggestion
SAP Career Suggestion Tool
Software Testing as a Career

Interesting
eBook
Blog
Quiz
SAP eBook


SAP

JAVA

SQL

Execute online
Execute Java Online
Execute Javascript
Execute HTML
Execute Python


SELENIUM

BUILD WEBSITE

VPNS



© Copyright - Guru99 2022         Privacy Policy  |  Affiliate
Disclaimer  |  ToS

Scroll to top

 * Home
 * TestingExpand child menuExpand
   * Agile Testing
   * JUnit
   * Quality Center(ALM)
   * Bugzilla
   * HP Loadrunner
   * RPA
   * Cucumber
   * Software Testing
   * SAP Testing
   * Database Testing
   * Mobile Testing
   * Selenium
   * ETL Testing
   * Mantis
   * SoapUI
   * JMeter
   * Postman
   * TEST Management
   * JIRA
   * QTP
   * TestLink
 * SAPExpand child menuExpand
   * ABAP
   * CRM
   * PI/PO
   * APO
   * Crystal Reports
   * PP
   * Beginners
   * FICO
   * SD
   * Basis
   * HANA
   * SAPUI5
   * BODS
   * HR
   * Security Tutorial
   * BI/BW
   * MM
   * Solution Manager
   * BPC
   * QM
   * Successfactors
   * CO
   * Payroll
   * SAP Courses
 * WebExpand child menuExpand
   * Apache
   * Java
   * PHP
   * SQL Server
   * AngularJS
   * JSP
   * PL/SQL
   * UML
   * ASP.NET
   * Kotlin
   * PostgreSQL
   * VB.NET
   * C
   * Linux
   * Python
   * VBScript
   * C#
   * MariaDB
   * ReactJS
   * Web Services
   * C++
   * MS Access
   * Ruby & Rails
   * WPF
   * CodeIgniter
   * MySQL
   * Scala
   * SQLite
   * DBMS
   * Node.js
   * SQL
   * Perl
   * JavaScript
 * Must LearnExpand child menuExpand
   * Accounting
   * Embedded Systems
   * Operating System
   * Algorithms
   * Ethical Hacking
   * PMP
   * Android
   * Excel Tutorial
   * Photoshop
   * Blockchain
   * Go Programming
   * Project Management
   * Business Analyst
   * IoT
   * Reviews
   * Build Website
   * ITIL
   * Salesforce
   * Cloud Computing
   * Jenkins
   * SEO
   * COBOL
   * MIS
   * Software Engineering
   * Compiler Design
   * Movie
   * VBA
   * Courses
   * Networking
   * VPN
 * Big DataExpand child menuExpand
   * AWS
   * Hive
   * Power BI
   * Big Data
   * Informatica
   * Qlikview
   * Cassandra
   * MicroStrategy
   * Tableau
   * Cognos
   * MongoDB
   * Talend
   * Data Warehousing
   * NiFi
   * ZooKeeper
   * DevOps
   * OBIEE
   * Pentaho
   * HBase
 * Live ProjectExpand child menuExpand
   * Live Agile Testing
   * Live Selenium Project
   * Live HP ALM
   * Live Selenium 2
   * Live Java Project
   * Live Security Testing
   * Live Mobile Testing
   * Live Testing Project
   * Live Payment Gateway
   * Live Testing 2
   * Live PHP Project
   * Live Telecom
   * Live Projects Hub
   * Live UFT/QTP Testing
   * Live Python Project
   * Live SEO Project
 * AIExpand child menuExpand
   * Artificial Intelligence
   * PyTorch
   * Data Science
   * R Programming
   * Keras
   * TensorFlow
   * NLTK

Toggle Menu Close
Search for:
Search


GURU99 ASKS FOR YOUR CONSENT FOR:

 * perm_identity
   Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights
   and product development
 * devices
   Store and/or access information on a device

expand_moreremove
Learn more
 * 
   How can I change my choice?
 * 
   What if I don't consent?
 * 
   How does legitimate interest work?
 * 
   Do I have to consent to everything?

Your personal data will be processed and information from your device (cookies,
unique identifiers and other device data) may be stored by, accessed by and
shared with third-party vendors, or used specifically by this site or app.

Some vendors may process your personal data on the basis of legitimate interest,
which you can object to by managing your options below. Look for a link at the
bottom of this page or in our privacy policy where you can withdraw consent.

Consent



Do not consent

Manage options

arrow_back

Data preferences


MANAGE YOUR DATA

You can choose how your personal data is used. Vendors want your permission to
do the following:

TCF vendors

help_outline


STORE AND/OR ACCESS INFORMATION ON A DEVICE

Cookies, device identifiers, or other information can be stored or accessed on
your device for the purposes presented to you. View details
Consent


SELECT BASIC ADS

Ads can be shown to you based on the content you’re viewing, the app you’re
using, your approximate location, or your device type. View details
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


CREATE A PERSONALISED ADS PROFILE

A profile can be built about you and your interests to show you personalised ads
that are relevant to you. View details
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


SELECT PERSONALISED ADS

Personalised ads can be shown to you based on a profile about you. View details
Consent


CREATE A PERSONALISED CONTENT PROFILE

A profile can be built about you and your interests to show you personalised
content that is relevant to you. View details
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


SELECT PERSONALISED CONTENT

Personalised content can be shown to you based on a profile about you. View
details
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


MEASURE AD PERFORMANCE

The performance and effectiveness of ads that you see or interact with can be
measured. View details
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


MEASURE CONTENT PERFORMANCE

The performance and effectiveness of content that you see or interact with can
be measured. View details
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


APPLY MARKET RESEARCH TO GENERATE AUDIENCE INSIGHTS

Market research can be used to learn more about the audiences who visit
sites/apps and view ads. View details
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


DEVELOP AND IMPROVE PRODUCTS

Your data can be used to improve existing systems and software, and to develop
new products View details
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


ENSURE SECURITY, PREVENT FRAUD, AND DEBUG

help_outline
Your data can be used to monitor for and prevent fraudulent activity, and ensure
systems and processes work properly and securely. View details


TECHNICALLY DELIVER ADS OR CONTENT

help_outline
Your device can receive and send information that allows you to see and interact
with ads and content. View details


MATCH AND COMBINE OFFLINE DATA SOURCES

help_outline
Data from offline data sources can be combined with your online activity in
support of one or more purposes View details


LINK DIFFERENT DEVICES

help_outline
Different devices can be determined as belonging to you or your household in
support of one or more of purposes. View details


RECEIVE AND USE AUTOMATICALLY-SENT DEVICE CHARACTERISTICS FOR IDENTIFICATION

help_outline
Your device might be distinguished from other devices based on information it
automatically sends, such as IP address or browser type. View details


USE PRECISE GEOLOCATION DATA

Your precise geolocation data can be used in support of one or more purposes.
This means your location can be accurate to within several meters. View details
Consent

You can choose your data preferences. This site or app wants your permission to
do the following:

Site or app


SELECT BASIC ADS

Ads can be shown to you based on the content you’re viewing, the app you’re
using, your approximate location, or your device type. View details
Consent


CREATE A PERSONALISED ADS PROFILE

A profile can be built about you and your interests to show you personalised ads
that are relevant to you. View details
Consent


SELECT PERSONALISED ADS

Personalised ads can be shown to you based on a profile about you. View details
Consent

Vendor preferences

Accept all



Confirm choices

arrow_back

Vendor preferences


CONFIRM OUR VENDORS

Vendors can use your data to provide services. Declining a vendor can stop them
from using the data that you shared.

TCF vendors

help_outline


EXPONENTIAL INTERACTIVE, INC D/B/A VDX.TV

Cookie duration: 90 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


ROQ.AD INC.

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
Consent


INDEX EXCHANGE, INC.

Cookie duration: 395 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


QUANTCAST

Cookie duration: 397 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


BEESWAXIO CORPORATION

Cookie duration: 395 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


SOVRN HOLDINGS INC

Cookie duration: 365 (days).

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


ADIKTEEV

Doesn't use cookies. Uses other forms of storage.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


RTB HOUSE S.A.

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Uses other forms of storage.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


THE TRADE DESK

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


ADMETRICS GMBH

Doesn't use cookies.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
Consent


AMOBEE INC.

Cookie duration: 180 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


EPSILON

Cookie duration: 184 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


YAHOO EMEA LIMITED

Cookie duration: 397 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


ADVENTORI SAS

Cookie duration: 90 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


TRIPLELIFT, INC.

Cookie duration: 90 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


XANDR, INC.

Cookie duration: 90 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


NEORY GMBH

Cookie duration: 90 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


UNRULY GROUP LLC

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


NEURAL.ONE

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


ADITION (VIRTUAL MINDS GMBH)

Cookie duration: 579 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


ACTIVE AGENT (VIRTUAL MINDS GMBH)

Cookie duration: 579 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


TABOOLA EUROPE LIMITED

Cookie duration: 366 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


SMART ADSERVER

Cookie duration: 396 (days). Uses other forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


ADFORM A/S

Cookie duration: 1 (days).

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


MAGNITE, INC.

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Uses other forms of storage.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


ADARA MEDIA UNLIMITED

Cookie duration: 730 (days).

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


SIFT MEDIA, INC

Doesn't use cookies.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
Consent


RAKUTEN MARKETING LLC

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


AVOCET SYSTEMS LIMITED

Cookie duration: 300 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


LIFESTREET CORPORATION

Cookie duration: 730 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


SIZMEK BY AMAZON

Cookie duration: 396 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


OPENX

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


YIELDLAB (VIRTUAL MINDS GMBH)

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


ROKU ADVERTISING SERVICES

Cookie duration: 396 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


NANO INTERACTIVE GROUP LTD.

Cookie duration: 182 (days).

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


SIMPLIFI HOLDINGS INC

Cookie duration: 366 (days). Uses other forms of storage.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
Consent


PUBMATIC, INC

Cookie duration: 90 (days). Uses other forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


COMSCORE B.V.

Cookie duration: 720 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


FLASHTALKING, INC.

Cookie duration: 730 (days).

View details | Privacy policylaunch
Consent


MEDIAMATH, INC.

Cookie duration: 393 (days). Uses other forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


SHARETHROUGH, INC

Cookie duration: 30 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


SMAATO, INC.

Cookie duration: 21 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


SEMASIO GMBH

Cookie duration: 366 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
Consent


CRIMTAN HOLDINGS LIMITED

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


BETGENIUS LTD

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


CRITEO SA

Cookie duration: 390 (days). Uses other forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


ADLOOX SA

Doesn't use cookies.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


BLIS GLOBAL LIMITED

Cookie duration: 400 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


LOTAME SOLUTIONS, INC

Cookie duration: 274 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
Consent


LIVERAMP

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


GROUPM UK LIMITED

Cookie duration: 395 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


SONOBI, INC

Cookie duration: 60 (days).

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


LOOPME LIMITED

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Uses other forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


DYNATA LLC

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
Consent


ASK LOCALA

Cookie duration: 1 (days).

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


NEAR INTELLIGENCE

Doesn't use cookies. Uses other forms of storage.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


DOUBLEVERIFY INC.

Doesn't use cookies.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


BIDSWITCH GMBH

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


IPONWEB GMBH

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


NEXTROLL, INC.

Cookie duration: 183 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


TEADS FRANCE SAS

Cookie duration: 365 (days).

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


STRÖER SSP GMBH (SSP)

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Uses other forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


STRÖER SSP GMBH (DSP)

Cookie duration: 90 (days). Uses other forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


PLATFORM161 B.V.

Cookie duration: 396 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


MEDIA.NET ADVERTISING FZ-LLC

Cookie duration: 2190 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


ADACADO TECHNOLOGIES INC. (DBA ADACADO)

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


BASIS GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

Cookie duration: 30 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


SMADEX, S.L.U.

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


BOMBORA INC.

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


OUTBRAIN UK LTD

Cookie duration: 90 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


SPOTX, INC

Cookie duration: 366 (days). Uses other forms of storage.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


EASYMEDIA GMBH

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
Consent


YIELDMO, INC.

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


EMX DIGITAL, INC.

Cookie duration: 30 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


REMERGE GMBH

Doesn't use cookies.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
Consent


ADVANCED STORE GMBH

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


TAPJOY, INC.

Doesn't use cookies. Uses other forms of storage.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


MAGNITE CTV, INC.

Cookie duration: 366 (days).

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


DELTA PROJECTS AB

Cookie duration: 365 (days).

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


ZEMANTA INC.

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


USEMAX ADVERTISEMENT (EMEGO GMBH)

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


EMETRIQ GMBH

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
Consent


PUBLICIS MEDIA GMBH

Cookie duration: 90 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
Consent


MCCANN DISCIPLINE LTD

Cookie duration: 25 (days).

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
Consent


ONETAG LIMITED

Cookie duration: 730 (days). Uses other forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


CLOUD TECHNOLOGIES S.A.

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


SMARTOLOGY LIMITED

Doesn't use cookies.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


IMPROVE DIGITAL

Cookie duration: 90 (days).

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


FYBER

Doesn't use cookies.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
Consent


ADOBE ADVERTISING CLOUD

Cookie duration: 365 (days).

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


BANNERFLOW AB

Cookie duration: 366 (days).

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


TABMO SAS

Doesn't use cookies.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


INTEGRAL AD SCIENCE, INC.

Doesn't use cookies.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


WIZALY

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
Consent


WEBORAMA

Cookie duration: 393 (days).

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


JIVOX CORPORATION

Cookie duration: 90 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


MOBILE PROFESSIONALS BV / SAGE&AMP;ARCHER BV

Doesn't use cookies.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
Consent


ON DEVICE RESEARCH LIMITED

Cookie duration: 30 (days).

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
Consent


MOBFOX US LLC

Cookie duration: 14 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


EXACTAG GMBH

Cookie duration: 180 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


CELTRA, INC.

Doesn't use cookies. Uses other forms of storage.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


MAINADV SRL

Cookie duration: 1 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms
of storage.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


GEMIUS SA

Cookie duration: 395 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


INMOBI PTE LTD

Doesn't use cookies.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


THE KANTAR GROUP LIMITED

Cookie duration: 914 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
Consent


IMPACT TECH INC.

Cookie duration: 720 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


NIELSEN MEDIA RESEARCH LTD.

Cookie duration: 120 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


ORACLE ADVERTISING

Cookie duration: 180 (days).

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


1000MERCIS (NUMBERLY)

Cookie duration: 180 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
Consent


AUDIENCEPROJECT APS

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


EFFILIATION / EFFINITY

Cookie duration: 2 (days). Uses other forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


ARRIVALIST CO.

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
Consent


ADTELLIGENT INC.

Cookie duration: 30 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


SEENTHIS AB

Doesn't use cookies.

View details | Privacy policylaunch


COMMANDERS ACT

Cookie duration: 365 (days).

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
Consent


TRAVEL AUDIENCE GMBH

Cookie duration: 397 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
Consent


HUMAN

Doesn't use cookies.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


ADLUDIO LTD.

Doesn't use cookies.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
Consent


NEODATA GROUP SRL

Cookie duration: 366 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


INNOVID LLC

Cookie duration: 90 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


ADCOLONY, INC.

Doesn't use cookies.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


PAPIRFLY AS

Doesn't use cookies.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


NEUSTAR, INC., A TRANSUNION COMPANY

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


SALESFORCE.COM, INC.

Cookie duration: 180 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
Consent


VERVE GROUP EUROPE GMBH

Doesn't use cookies.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
Consent


KOCHAVA INC.

Doesn't use cookies.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
Consent


OTTO (GMBH &AMP; CO KG)

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


ADOBE AUDIENCE MANAGER, ADOBE EXPERIENCE PLATFORM

Cookie duration: 180 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


LOCALSENSOR B.V.

Doesn't use cookies.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


ONLINE SOLUTION

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


RELAY42 NETHERLANDS B.V.

Cookie duration: 730 (days).

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
Consent


GP ONE GMBH

Cookie duration: Uses session cookies. Uses other forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


LIFTOFF MOBILE, INC.

Doesn't use cookies.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


THE MEDIAGRID INC.

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


MINDTAKE RESEARCH GMBH

Cookie duration: 93 (days). Uses other forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


BETWEEN EXCHANGE

Cookie duration: 365 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


CINT AB

Cookie duration: 730 (days).

View details | Privacy policylaunch
Consent


GOOGLE ADVERTISING PRODUCTS

Cookie duration: 396 (days). Uses other forms of storage.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


GFK SE

Cookie duration: 730 (days). Uses other forms of storage.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
Consent


REVJET

Cookie duration: 730 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


PROTECTED MEDIA LTD

Doesn't use cookies.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


CLINCH LABS LTD

Cookie duration: 730 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


ORACLE DATA CLOUD - MOAT

Doesn't use cookies.

View details | Privacy policylaunch


SELECTMEDIA INTERNATIONAL LTD

Cookie duration: 90 (days).

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


HEARTS AND SCIENCE MÜNCHEN GMBH

Cookie duration: 60 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


AMAZON ADVERTISING

Cookie duration: 396 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


MOLOCO, INC.

Cookie duration: 730 (days). Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other
forms of storage.

View details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


OBJECTIVE PARTNERS BV

Cookie duration: 90 (days). Cookie duration resets each session.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
Consent


EBAY INC

Cookie duration: 90 (days).

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline


BYTEDANCE PTE. LTD.

Doesn't use cookies.

View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch
ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline

General vendors

help_outline


GSKINNER

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


AKAMAI

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


FACEBOOK

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


AUNICA

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


BOOKING.COM

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


C3 METRICS

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


IBM

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


ADTRIBA

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


PULSEPOINT

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


DEMANDBASE

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


EVIDON

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


CUBED

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


HURRA.COM

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


OPTOMATON

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


INTELLIAD

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


FLUCT

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


ZUCKS

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


ANALIGHTS

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


DSTILLERY

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


DMA INSTITUTE

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


ZMS

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


DENTSU AEGIS NETWORK

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


IGNITION ONE

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


OMNICOM MEDIA GROUP

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


DIGISEG

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


PLATFORMONE

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


RESONATE

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


SOJERN

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


HAENSEL AMS

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


BDSK HANDELS GMBH & CO. KG

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


VIDEOLOGY

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


TRADEDOUBLER AB

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


TRUSTARC

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


TRUEFFECT

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


SUPERSHIP

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


MARKETING SCIENCE CONSULTING GROUP, INC.

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


DENTSU

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


SNAP INC.

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


ESSENS

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


TRAVEL DATA COLLECTIVE

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


ADVOLUTION.CONTROL

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


WIDESPACE

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


ADLEDGE

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


VIMEO

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


VUNGLE

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


ENSIGHTEN

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


ADMAXIM

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


IRONSOURCE MOBILE

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


CHARTBOOST

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


BATCH MEDIA

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


VODAFONE GMBH

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


SCENESTEALER

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


NETQUEST

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


MAIL.RU

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


MANAGE.COM

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


CLOUDFLARE

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


SCOOTA

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


PIXALATE

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


UNITY ADS

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


HAVAS MEDIA FRANCE - DBI

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


NETFLIX

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


MACROMILL GROUP

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


EBUILDERS

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


APPLOVIN CORP.

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


FRACTIONAL MEDIA

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


RACKSPACE

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


MSI-ACI

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


CHOCOLATE PLATFORM

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


NAVEGG

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


ADMEDO

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


LEADBOLT

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


MOBITRANS

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


ADEX

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


SPOTAD

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


AARKI

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


F@N COMMUNICATIONS

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


SFR

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


CABLATO

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


WAYSTACK

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


VPON

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


TRESENSA

Privacy policylaunch
Consent


SOLOCAL

Privacy policylaunch
Consent

Accept all



Confirm choices

Close

www.guru99.com Open in urlscan Pro 2606:4700::6813:9b5c Public Scan

Form analysis 1 forms found in the DOM

GET https://www.guru99.com/

Text Content

www.guru99.com Open in urlscan Pro
2606:4700::6813:9b5c Public Scan

Form analysis
1 forms found in the DOM