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5.18.8 Accessibility statementSkip to main content Democracy Dies in Darkness SubscribeSign in Northeast South West Midwest RIOT POLICE AND OVER 2,000 ARRESTS: A LOOK AT 2 WEEKS OF CAMPUS PROTESTS Turn on reduced motion Emerson College, University of California at Berkeley, University of Texas at Austin: Students nationwide protest against the war in Gaza. WHERE PRO-PALESTINIAN PROTESTERS ON CAMPUSES ACROSS THE COUNTRY, FROM COLUMBIA TO UCLA, HAVE BEEN ARRESTED, WITH SOME FACING TEAR GAS, TASERS AND STUN GRENADES By Dan Rosenzweig-Ziff, Clara Ence Morse, Susan Svrluga, Drea Cornejo, Hannah Dormido and Júlia Ledur May 3, 2024 at 6:00 a.m. Share Comment on this storyComment Add to your saved stories Save Warning: This graphic requires JavaScript. Please enable JavaScript for the best experience. In the 15 days since police arrested dozens of Columbia University students protesting Israel’s military bombardment of Gaza, officers have cleared similar encampments at colleges and universities around the nation. On a scale not seen in decades on college campuses, students and faculty demonstrations have led to more than 2,000 arrests. What began as the student arm of pro-Palestinian demonstrations has grown into a nationwide movement, drawing attention to campuses that are thick with tensions not only over the war but also over whether the protesters, in trying to further their cause, are creating distractions or even dangers for other students. test -protest map Protests since April 17 Univ. of Michigan Yale UC-Berkeley Stanford Columbia Protests since April 17 WA ME MT ND MN OR Univ. of Michigan ID MIT WI NY SD MI WY Yale PA IA NV NE OH IN Columbia UC-Berkeley UT IL WV CA Stanford CO KS VA KY MO TN NC AZ OK AR SC NM AL GA MS TX LA AK FL HI Protests since April 17 WA ME MT ND MN OR Univ. of Michigan ID MIT WI NY SD MI WY Yale PA IA NV NE OH IN Columbia UC-Berkeley UT IL WV Stanford CA CO KS VA KY MO TN NC AZ OK AR SC NM AL GA MS TX LA AK FL HI policepresencedraft Protests with recorded police presence Univ. of Michigan Stanford Columbia Protests with recorded police presence WA ME MT ND MN OR Univ. of Michigan ID MIT WI NY SD MI WY Yale PA IA NE OH NV IN Columbia UT IL WV CA Stanford CO KS VA KY MO TN NC AZ OK AR SC NM AL GA MS TX LA AK FL HI Protests with recorded police presence WA ME MT ND MN OR Univ. of Michigan ID MIT WI NY SD MI WY Yale PA IA NE OH NV IN Columbia UT IL WV Stanford CA CO KS VA KY MO TN NC AZ OK AR SC NM AL GA MS TX LA AK FL HI test No. of arrests 200 65 Columbia Washington University in St. Louis UCLA University of Texas 200 No. of arrests WA 65 ME MT ND MN OR Columbia ID WI SD MI NY WY IA PA NE Washington University in St. Louis NV IN City College of New York OH UT IL WV CA CO KS VA KY MO TN NC OK UCLA AZ AR SC NM AL GA MS TX LA University of Texas AK FL HI 200 WA No. of arrests 65 ME MT ND MN OR Columbia ID WI SD NY MI WY City College of New York PA IA NE NV IN Washington University in St. Louis OH UT IL WV CA CO KS VA KY MO TN NC AZ OK UCLA AR SC NM AL GA MS TX LA University of Texas AK FL HI From April 17 through April 30, pro-Palestinian demonstrations have sprung up at more than 150 colleges and universities across the country, according to the Crowd Counting Consortium. On more than 80 campuses, state, local and campus police, sometimes in riot gear, have monitored or dispersed crowds. They often arrived at the request of university administrators. More than 2,000 people have been arrested in campus protests, according to a Washington Post tally of news reports and police and university statements, as of Thursday evening. Most protesters, whose actions have ranged from gathering for daytime chants to pitching encampments in the heart of campus to occupying university buildings, have demanded schools cut ties with businesses linked to Israel, part of a broader movement that has intensified since its invasion of Gaza after Hamas’s Oct. 7 assault on Israel. President Biden on Thursday forcefully urged demonstrators to remain peaceful and rejected the idea of sending the National Guard. The protests have “put to the test two fundamental American principles,” Biden said. “The first is the right to free speech and for people to peacefully assemble and make their voices heard. The second is the rule of law. Both must be upheld.” At times, protesters have expressed extreme views, including calling for the end of the Jewish state. “There is only one solution: intifada, revolution,” protesters at George Washington University in D.C. chanted last week. test-new Campus protests per week since Oct. 7 Monday and Tuesday 166 protests 325 300 150 Oct. April 2023 2024 As of April 30 Campus protests per week since Oct. 7 Monday and Tuesday 166 protests 325 300 150 Oct. April 2023 2024 As of April 30 Campus protests per week since Oct. 7 Monday and Tuesday 166 protests 325 300 150 Oct. April 2023 2024 As of April 30 In many cases, the demonstrations themselves as well as the arrests have been peaceful or orderly. Still, videos filmed across the country, at small private colleges and large public universities, include scenes of police deploying tear gas, wielding paintball guns and forcing students and faculty to the ground while making arrests. Story continues below advertisement Advertisement Story continues below advertisement Advertisement In at least a handful of cases, students and faculty say, officers have broken protesters’ bones or left them bleeding. Several law enforcement agencies have also reported injuries to their officers, including a case in which a protester allegedly hit an officer in the head with a skateboard at the University of Wisconsin at Madison. Many of those arrested, including students, professors and some without school affiliations, were charged with trespassing or disturbing the peace, according to police and university officials. The ongoing protests have become a political flash point. Republicans and some Democrats are insisting on explanations from school officials, pointing to allegations of antisemitism. Pro-Palestinian groups see some of those less as claims of concern for Jewish students and more as a way to paint the country as mired in chaos under President Biden. And Democrats, including Biden, are facing the prospect of losing the support of key constituencies in November’s elections because of the administration’s support for Israel. Throughout the unrest, administrators have struggled to find a balance between protecting free speech and maintaining safety amid disruptions to campus life. Many appear eager to tamp down on encampments and demonstrations ahead of upcoming graduation ceremonies. Yet there are signs that demonstrators have no plans to stop. An April 24 update in the 7,000-subscriber Telegram channel Popular University 4 Gaza, where organizers send messages across campuses, had a warning for school leaders. “You have lit a flame you cannot hope to control,” it read. NORTHEAST The April 18 arrests of 111 demonstrators at Columbia University helped set off a wave of protests across the nation. The movement spread quickly across the Northeast, as police arrested nearly 1,000 protesters in the region over two weeks, according to The Post tally. Demonstrations sometimes began with just a few dozen protesters at a school of a few thousand undergrads. Many grew as police responded with force. Some universities, such as Harvard, have mostly avoided police involvement and instead limited who could join protests to those showing student IDs. Columbia also restricted access to campus, but university officials said 13 of 44 people arrested in the April 30 occupation of Hamilton Hall had no ties to Columbia or affiliated universities. New York University, April 22: Police arrested protesters at a Palestinian solidarity encampment. (Reuters) City College of New York, April 30: Faculty members linked arms with students as New York police officers arrested protesters. (Spencer Platt/Getty Images) City College of New York, April 30: Professor Corinna Mullin said her experience of being arrested at an encampment was “terrifying.” (Spencer Platt/Getty Images) Emerson College, April 25: Boston police moved to break up a protest outside the State Transportation Building. (Joseph Prezioso/AFP/Getty Images) Princeton University, April 29: Over a dozen people were arrested during a pro-Palestinian campus protest. (Ben Woodard/The Princeton Tory via Storyful) Fordham University, May 1: Faculty form a human chain around pro-Palestinian protesters in New York. (Ed Ou for The Washington Post) Northeastern University, April 27: Police remove and arrest protesters at the tent encampment on campus in Boston. (John Tlumacki/The Boston Globe/AP) At Emerson College, a small campus in the heart of Boston, protesters set pitched tents in an alley only partly owned by the institution. The night Boston Police Department officers in riot gear swarmed the alley on both sides, junior Amelia Oei was bracing for something major after the school warned of an “imminent” law enforcement response. Oei left her phone and ID with organizers, ready to be detained with the hope of bringing attention to civilians killed in Gaza. Suddenly, after 1 a.m. on April 25, police filled the alley. In a video filmed by a crying friend in a building above, Oei can be seen linking arms with dozens of others to form a “front line” in front of the encampment. The 20-year-old and other protesters heard police might use tear gas, so more than a dozen people held umbrellas over the eyes of those in front. “Who keeps us safe?” the group chanted as police, walking single file, closed in. “We keep us safe!” Officers ripped the umbrellas out of hands in the crowd. Then they pulled protesters out of the pack by their limbs or clothing, flinging some to the ground. “I was not letting go,” Oei said. Then she felt herself torn from the arms she had linked with as she was pushed into a telephone pole, then the ground. Police tied her hands behind her back and arrested her on suspicion of trespassing. She felt the cause was worth it. Story continues below advertisement Advertisement Story continues below advertisement Advertisement Owen Buxton, a 22-year-old senior who was part of the protest, told The Post that several officers pinned him to the ground after he said he heard an officer tell the others he had thrown a punch — an allegation he denies. While he was pinned, an officer pressed a thumb into Buxton’s ear, he said, and black crept to the edge of his vision. His nose bled. Medical records show he was later treated at an emergency room, where he told providers that police had thrown him to the ground. Boston police said they did not receive any complaints from Buxton or Oei, and instead referred The Post to an incident report that gave an overall summary of the event. The report did not note Buxton’s injuries, though police say at least four officers were hurt. “They kept telling me I was being dramatic,” Buxton told The Post, referring to the officers. “I thought I was going to die.” SOUTH University of Texas at Austin, April 29 : Police in riot gear arrested students during a pro-Palestinian demonstration. (Aaron E. Martinez/Austin American-Statesman/AP) In the South, some state and local officials have made clear they won’t stand for encampments. Through May 2, authorities arrested more than 300 protesters and used tactics including deploying chemical irritants. At the University of Texas at Austin, 136 arrests were made across two protests, the most of any campus outside New York and California. Students there were met by state troopers in riot gear and on horseback who were called in by Gov. Greg Abbott (R). “These protesters belong in jail,” he wrote on X. University of Texas at Austin, April 24: Protesters against the war in Gaza were confronted by armed state troopers on the campus. (@shoebyron via Storyful) University of Texas at Austin, April 29: Police use pepper spray on protesters. (Aaron E. Martinez/USA Today Network/Reuters) University of Texas at Austin, April 24: Texas Gov. Greg Abbott (R) wrote on X: “No encampments will be allowed. Instead, arrests are being made.” (Ricardo B. Brazziell/Austin American-Statesman/AP) University of Texas at Dallas, May 1: Protesters chant as law enforcement prepare to dismantle an encampment on the campus in Richardson, Tex. (Juan Figueroa/The Dallas Morning News/AP) University of Texas at Austin, April 29: A pro-Palestinian protester yells “Free Palestine” as she is handcuffed. (Aaron E. Martinez/Austin American-Statesman/AP) Emory University, April 25: Atlanta police said officers used chemical irritants in making arrests. (Mike Stewart/AP) Tulane University, April 29: Police ordered pro-Palestinian protesters to leave their encampment. (Chris Granger/The Times-Picayune/The New Orleans Advocate/AP) Emory University, April 25: Police in Atlanta used a stun gun on a handcuffed man at a protest. (Ian Gallo via Storyful) University of Georgia, April 29: Police respond to pro-Palestinian protests on the campus in Athens, Ga. (Storyful) According to videos shared on social media, police at UT-Austin wrestled down a cameraman for a local news station, repeatedly punched a protester as demonstrators blocked a police car’s movement and used chemical irritants to clear the crowd. Abbott’s aggressive response drew widespread criticism, including from some Republicans who had supported his earlier efforts to back free speech on campuses. Story continues below advertisement Advertisement Story continues below advertisement Advertisement At an encampment at Emory University, where Georgia state troopers used pepper balls in an April 25 crowd dispersal with 28 arrests, video showed a protester being hit with a stun gun while pinned to the ground with a handcuff on. Observers can be heard screaming at police to stop. Georgia state police said in a statement that only one hand was cuffed, and the protester had shoved the other under his body. After troopers tried twice to use a stun gun on the demonstrator’s right shoulder, they stunned him in the abdomen and then the right quad for five seconds each. At the University of South Florida, where more than a dozen were arrested across protests on April 29 and 30, police used tear gas to disperse what they called “unsanctioned” demonstration after protesters refused to leave by a 5 p.m. deadline. Gas-filled videos show students dropping their signs and running away from a quad as police in riot gear and on bikes close in on the encampment. “Please do not resist arrest or … injury could occur,” police can be heard telling protesters in video from the scene. Some students in the region and across the country say they feel protected by police, who they say are limiting how far encampments can spread and ensuring security. Lilly Fox, a freshman at Tulane University in New Orleans, said she has been feeling unsafe as a Jewish student. When police at the private school arrested 14 people on Wednesday — after they had arrested six protesters days earlier — she was relieved. “I’m grateful that the police were able to clear the encampment,” Fox said. “This really gave me peace of mind.” WEST More than 500 arrests took place at demonstrations on at least 10 campuses in the West, as tensions rise between increasingly aggressive protesters and police. At least one school in the University of California system, the University of California at Berkeley, said it would allow encampments to continue. But after an outbreak of violence among protesters and counterprotesters, UCLA brought in police, who leveled tents of demonstrators early Thursday morning. Story continues below advertisement Advertisement Story continues below advertisement Advertisement In a pre-dawn raid, police officers threw stun grenades at protesters who were quickly trying to erect new barricades. “Get down,” officers yelled. “Get back!” They also used at least one fire extinguisher to clear the crowd and arrested more than 200 people. But even as the crowd thinned, protesters said they’d be back. “You can’t stop us!” they yelled. UCLA, April 28: Protesters in support of Palestinians in Gaza and pro-Israel supporters scuffle during demonstrations in Los Angeles. (David Swanson/Reuters) Portland State University, April 30: The university asked for police involvement to remove students who took over the Millar Library. (Beth Nakamura/The Oregonian/AP) University of New Mexico, April 30: A pro-Palestinian protester gets water poured into her eyes after being pepper sprayed by police in Albuquerque. (Chancey Bush/The Albuquerque Journal/AP) UCLA, May 1: Police described “multiple acts of violence within the large encampment” between pro-Palestinian supporters and counterprotesters. (Reuters) University of Utah, April 29: Police end a student pro-Palestinian rally with riot gear and more than a dozen arrests. (Scott G. Winterton/Deseret News/AP) University of Southern California, April 24: A Los Angeles police officer stands guard as officers surround a student encampment. (Zaydee Sanchez/Reuters) University of California at Berkeley, April 26: People pray in front of the student encampment at Sproul Hall. (John G. Mabanglo/EPA-EFE/Shutterstock) At California State Polytechnic University at Humboldt in Arcata Calif., students on April 22 took over one campus hall, then a second. The Popular University 4 Gaza Telegram channel called them “the cutting edge of the movement.” They barricaded buildings with furniture and damaged lawns and other property that could cost the university millions of dollars, according to a school spokesperson. At 2:30 a.m. Tuesday, after the administration shut down campus, police stormed the buildings and arrested 32 people on charges including unlawful assembly, vandalism, conspiracy and assault of police officers. “What was occurring was not free expression or a protest,” the school, which remains shuttered until May 10, wrote in a statement. “It was criminal activity, and there were serious concerns it would spread even further on campus.” At Arizona State University, campus police came under sharp criticism after a video surfaced apparently showing them removing the hijab of a protester. Police removed hijabs of at least four women, according to attorney Zayed Al-Sayyed, who is representing them and described the move as a violation of religious freedom. Story continues below advertisement Advertisement Story continues below advertisement Advertisement He noted that the women use the scarves to cover their heads in “a religious symbol of modesty, privacy, and piety.” “Every one of the four women let the officers know we cannot take off our hijab, you cannot take off our hijab, they explained the significance,” he said. “To some of them, they said it’s for your safety, to others they said it’s for the safety of others.” The women did not receive new hijabs for 17 hours, Al-Sayyed said, until their attorneys brought them to jail. The university said it is looking into the matter. MIDWEST University of Wisconsin at Madison, May 1 : Police gather to start removing tents erected by protesters. (Todd Richmond/AP) In the Midwest, some universities have begun reaching agreements with demonstrators. At Northwestern University, students and administrators agreed to remove tents and the university agreed to answer questions about its endowment holdings. The University of Minnesota followed with an initial agreement Thursday. Those truces came as more than 200 arrests were made throughout the region, The Post tally shows. University of Wisconsin at Madison, May 1: Protesters chant "the whole world is watching" amid demonstrations. (Annika Bereny / The Daily Cardinal) Northwestern University, April 25: Demonstrators dance the Dabke, a folk dance, while circling an encampment in Evanston, Ill. (Nate Swanson/Reuters) University of Chicago, April 26: Student protesters set up an encampment on the school’s main quad. (Joshua Lott/The Washington Post) Some officers in the Midwest have also used force. At Washington University in St. Louis, where campus, city and county officers cleared an encampment, footage shows police beating a professor, then dragging him across campus. Steve Tamari, a history professor at Southern Illinois University, said in a statement he was “body slammed and crushed by the weight of” several officers. He was hospitalized with broken ribs and a broken hand, he said. The St. Louis Metropolitan Police Department and St. Louis County Police Department each referred questions to school police, who did not respond to a request for comment. At Indiana University, state troopers have repeatedly tried to clear the encampment. Videos show they’ve come in riot gear, some armed with paintball guns able to fire paint and pepper balls. Story continues below advertisement Advertisement Story continues below advertisement Advertisement Sophomore Sydney Glickman was among those observing a demonstration on April 27 as police forced their way into a group of protesters and threw them to the ground, at least one by the neck. She said she had felt safe until the state troopers showed up, their actions leaving her in tears. It felt to her like they were saying the pro-Palestinian demonstrators didn’t have a right to speak their minds, she said. “I have never felt more helpless in my entire life,” she said. Back at Columbia, tensions reached a tipping point Tuesday night. Journalists and observers were cleared as officers in riot gear massed on the east and west side of campus. More than 100 police used a tactical ladder and a sledgehammer to enter Hamilton Hall, which dozens of protesters had occupied. They arrested more than 100 demonstrators, bringing the total at Columbia to more than 200. The next day, Popular University 4 Gaza sent a message signaling organizers’ belief that the movement couldn’t be quashed. “ONE CAMP GOES DOWN,” it read. “TWO MORE SPRING UP.” ABOUT THIS STORY The Post used data from the Crowd Counting Consortium, a joint project of Harvard Kennedy School and the University of Connecticut that collects data on political crowds in the United States, to determine the number of pro-Palestinian campus protests, which campuses they occurred on and which protests had police presence. CCC data covers protests between April 17 and April 30. To track the number of arrested protesters at such events, The Post compiled a database, relying on news reports, police and university statements, and original reporting. All arrest numbers were verified with universities or police departments by The Post and were last updated on May 2 at 7:30 p.m. Regional boundaries are taken from the U.S. Census. Molly Hennessy-Fiske, Niha Masih, Ben Brasch, Erin Patrick O’Connor, Maham Javaid, Jonathan Baran, Elyse Samuels and Maham Javaid contributed to this report. Editing by Brittany Shammas and Kainaz Amaria. Photo editing by Max Becherer. Video editing by Jessica Koscielniak. Data editing by Anu Narayanswamy. Graphics editing by Kevin Uhrmacher. Design and development by Aadit Tambe and Agnes Lee. Design editing by Madison Walls. Copy editing by Phil Lueck. Share 14 Comments Dan Rosenzweig-ZiffDan Rosenzweig-Ziff is a reporter on The Washington Post's General Assignment desk, where he covers breaking news and writes of-the-moment features. He has reported for The Post from Europe and covered crime and criminal justice on the Metro desk. He previously worked for the Texas Tribune and was a Fulbright scholar in Germany. @danrosziff Clara Ence MorseClara Ence Morse is a political data reporter at The Washington Post. She joined The Post as the Investigative Reporting Workshop intern with the Data team, and previously served as the editor in chief of the Columbia Daily Spectator. She lives in Washington, D.C. @ccemorse Susan SvrlugaSusan Svrluga is a reporter covering higher education for The Washington Post. Before that, she covered education and local news at The Post. @SusanSvrluga Drea CornejoDrea Cornejo is an award-winning video journalist on The Washington Post's Health & Science desk. She joined the video team in 2018. @DreaCornejo Hannah DormidoHannah Dormido is a graphics reporter and cartographer at The Washington Post. Before joining The Post, she worked as a data visualization journalist at Bloomberg News in Hong Kong and has led the Asia graphics team at the Financial Times. @hannahdormido| AddFollow Júlia LedurJúlia Ledur is a graphics reporter covering foreign news at The Washington Post. Before joining The Post in 2021, she worked as a graphics editor at the COVID Tracking Project at the Atlantic. Previously, she was on the graphics team at Reuters, covering Latin American politics, the environment and social issues with data and visuals. @juledurg Subscribe to comment and get the full experience. 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