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IS ELECTRONIC MULTITASKING ALWAYS VIEWED AS A COUNTERPRODUCTIVE MEETING
BEHAVIOR? UNDERSTANDING THE NATURE OF THE SECONDARY TASK

2022 - Rushika De Bruin, Larissa K. Barber - PSYCHOLOGICAL REPORTS

This project explored social evaluations of electronic multitasking during work
meetings, including factors that may affect whether it is seen as a
counterproductive meeting behavior. We used an experimental vignette design to
test whether social evaluations (norm violating, agency, and communalism) of a
hypothetical coworker's electronic multitasking differed by whether the
secondary task was relevant to the meeting (Study 1; N = 274) or ambiguous
(Study 2; N = 188). Observers evaluated task-irrelevant multitasking as more of
a norm violation and less communal compared to task-relevant multitasking, and
work-related tasks were evaluated as more agentic than nonwork-related tasks.
Ambiguous tasks were also rated as more agentic than task-irrelevant
multitasking. Taken together, our results show that the nature of the secondary
task reduces negative perceptions of coworkers' electronic multitasking behavior
during meetings. However, electronic multitasking for any purpose, even if
relevant, was generally judged negatively consistent with expectations for a
counterproductive meeting behavior.

EXPECTANCY VIOLATION THEORYCOUNTERPRODUCTIVE MEETING BEHAVIORS
(CMBS)AGE-DIFFERENCESSOCIAL JUDGMENTSNORM VIOLATIONEMPLOYEE
VOICEAGENCYTEAMINCIVILITYCOMMUNALISMWORKPLACEIDENTITYTRUSTPERCEPTIONSPERFORMANCE

2022 - Rushika De Bruin, Larissa K. Barber - PSYCHOLOGICAL REPORTS





INTERPERSONAL EMOTION REGULATION AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS: WHAT IS THE
FUNCTION OF NEGATIVE MOOD REGULATION EXPECTANCIES IN THIS RELATIONSHIP?

2022 - Elcin Ray-Yol, Ayse Altan-Atalay - PSYCHOLOGICAL REPORTS

Individuals' tendency to use their interactions with others in the management of
their own emotions is called Interpersonal Emotion Regulation (IER). Limited
studies have explored the association between IER and psychological distress
with none focusing on the role of mediating variables in this relationship. The
current study aims to explore the role of negative mood regulation expectancies
(NMRE), which is defined as one's confidence in the effectiveness of their
coping skills while dealing with difficult emotions, as a possible mechanism
underlying the association between IER and psychological distress. The data were
collected from 204 (164 women) Turkish speaking individuals whose age ranges
between 18 and 32 (M = 22.78, SD = 3.21). The participants completed measures of
IER, NMRE and psychological distress. The results have indicated that NMRE has a
significant mediating role in the relationship of Soothing dimension of IER with
psychological distress. The present findings highlighted the maladaptive
function of Soothing as an IER strategy in addition to shedding light on the
important role of NMRE in this relationship.

ANXIETY STRESS SCALESNEGATIVE MOOD REGULATION EXPECTANCIESGENERALIZED
EXPECTANCIESPSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESSPSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIESINTERPERSONAL EMOTION
REGULATIONTURKISH VERSIONSOCIAL SUPPORTDEPRESSIONRESPONSES

2022 - Elcin Ray-Yol, Ayse Altan-Atalay - PSYCHOLOGICAL REPORTS





TOXIC STRESS IN CHILDREN AND YOUTH: EXPLORING THE ROLE OF COMMUNITY-BASED
PROGRAMMING TO SUPPORT HEALTH AND WELL-BEING IN THE UNITED STATES

2022 - Maribeth Clifton, Laura Boden, 等 3 人 - CHILDREN & SOCIETY

Children and youth exposed to toxic stress are at a greater risk for negative
outcomes on health, well-being and occupational performance. Focus groups were
conducted to gain understanding of the experiences and perspectives of youth
at-risk who were currently receiving services from a community-based agency in a
small city in the Western United States. Participants discussed acquiring life
skills through agency programming including social skills and
coping/self-regulation skills. Participants also reported a positive culture of
the agency, expressing feelings of safety, trust and supportive relationships.
Community-based programming may be in a pivotal position to provide services and
supports that act as buffering protection against the effects of toxic stress.

CHILDRENADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCESOCCUPATIONCOMMUNITYABUSEDEVELOPMENTTOXIC
STRESSTRAUMA

2022 - Maribeth Clifton, Laura Boden, 等 3 人 - CHILDREN & SOCIETY





GUILTY PLEA DECISIONS: MOVING BEYOND THE AUTONOMY MYTH

2022 - Rebecca K. Helm, Roxanna Dehaghani, 等 3 人 - MODERN LAW REVIEW

When a defendant pleads guilty to a criminal charge against them their
conviction may be justified on the basis of autonomy rather than accuracy. In
this context, autonomy can make the difference between a legitimate conviction
and the breach of fundamental rights. However, autonomy in this context is not
clearly defined. This article argues, based on philosophical conceptions of
autonomy and empirical realities, that true autonomy is an ideal rather than a
practical reality. It considers the level of autonomy necessary to legitimise a
criminal conviction via plea, and suggests that current conceptions of autonomy
are inadequate since they rely on a formalistic autonomy 'myth', presuming
autonomy in the absence of threats. An analysis drawing on original empirical
data from two studies demonstrates how autonomy may be being depleted to
unacceptable levels in the current system. The article concludes by presenting
reform proposals.

JUSTICEGUILTY PLEASCRIMINAL PROCEDURELAWHUMAN
RIGHTSVULNERABILITYENGLANDAUTONOMYVULNERABILITYCONSENTEMPIRICAL LAWRIGHTSTRIAL

2022 - Rebecca K. Helm, Roxanna Dehaghani, 等 3 人 - MODERN LAW REVIEW





CAN TOURISM SUSTAIN ITSELF THROUGH THE PANDEMIC: NEXUS BETWEEN TOURISM, COVID-19
CASES AND AIR QUALITY SPREAD IN THE 'PINEAPPLE STATE' HAWAII

2022 - Yong Yan, Muhammad Ibrahim Shah, 等 6 人 - CURRENT ISSUES IN TOURISM

The COVID-19 pandemic has severely hit the United States of America (USA) with
tourism being one of the most directly affected sectors. The effect is even more
striking in Hawaii, which has been one of the most popular tourist destinations
in the United States since the 1950s. While the state government's early
reaction has resulted in a decrease in COVID cases in this state, travel
restrictions established in response to the pandemic have wreaked havoc on the
state's tourist economy. To quantitatively measure this impact, this paper
investigates the nexus between the international tourist arrivals, COVID-19
spread, and air quality in Hawaii. Using the daily data from March 2020 to
August 2020, the study employs the robust methodology comprising Wavelet
coherence, partial and multiple Wavelet coherence methods. The empirical results
reveal a significant coherence between international tourists, COVID-19 cases,
and air quality at different time-frequency compositions.

INBOUND TOURISMAIR QUALITYPOLLUTIONUSACOVID-19DEMANDFIRST
WAVEPRICESHAWAIITOURIST ARRIVALSWAVELET

2022 - Yong Yan, Muhammad Ibrahim Shah, 等 6 人 - CURRENT ISSUES IN TOURISM





SINGLE PHASE T-TYPE MULTILEVEL INVERTERS FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS, TOPOLOGY,
MODULATION, AND CONTROL TECHNIQUES: A REVIEW

2022 - Mustafa F. Mohammed, Mohammed A. Qasim - ENERGIES

Multilevel inverters (MLI) consist of a wide range of power converters. They
have many designs and have been introduced with different circuit topologies
such as neutral point clamped, diode clamped, cascaded H-bridges, and flying
capacitors. Some of these MLIs have disadvantages, including design complexity,
size, and losses due to the large number of switching devices required when they
produce many output voltage levels. They are also bulky in size and may require
several DC power sources. This paper presents a review of the various topologies
of single-phase T-Type MLIs (T-MLIs). These MLIs are used to convert DC power
from renewable energy sources (RES)" into AC with a near-sine waveform and low
total harmonic distortion (THD). Simple and complex MLI designs are discussed.
The major types of modulation techniques are discussed, including sinusoidal
pulse width modulation (SPWM), selective harmonic elimination (SHE), and
preprogrammed PWM. Various methods of output voltage control are taken into
consideration as well. The aim of this comprehensive survey is to identify
T-MLIs for researchers and those interested in the power conversion field, as
well as to discuss the many topologies, identifying designs with superior
characteristics that can be efficiently implemented with RESs to obtain better
AC voltage with enhanced power quality.

INVERTERPULSE-WIDTH MODULATIONHARMONIC ELIMINATION PWMMULTILEVELPWMMINIMIZING
THDHYBRIDSHEPERFORMANCESPWMCONVERTERSTOPOLOGYIMPLEMENTATIONT-TYPEFORMULATIONSSTRATEGIESALGORITHM

2022 - Mustafa F. Mohammed, Mohammed A. Qasim - ENERGIES





OPTIMAL POWER FLOW TECHNIQUE FOR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM CONSIDERING DISTRIBUTED
ENERGY RESOURCES (DER)

2022 - Adolfo Blengini Neto, Maria Beatriz Barbosa, 等 5 人 - ENERGIES

Modern electric power systems consist of large-scale, highly complex
interconnected systems projected to match the intense demand growth for
electrical energy. This involves the decision of generation, transmission, and
distribution of resources at different time horizons. They also face challenges
in incorporating new forms of generation, distributed generations, which are
located close to consumer centers, and new loads such as electric vehicles.
Traditionally, the nonlinear Newton-Raphson optimization method is used to
support operational decisions in such systems, known as Optimal Power Flow
(OPF). Although OPF is one of the most practically important and well-researched
sub-fields of constrained nonlinear optimization and has a rich history of
research, it faces the convergence difficulties associated with all problems
represented using non-linear power flow constraints. The proposal is to present
an approach in a software component in cloud Application Programming Interface
(API) format, with alternative modeling of the electrical optimization problem
as a non-linear objective function and representing electric network constraints
modeled through both current and voltage Kirchhoff linear equations. This
representation overcomes the non-linearity of the OPF problem considering
Distributed Energy Resources (DER). The robustness, scalability, and
availability of the method are tested on the IEEE-34 bus system with several
modifications to accommodate the DER testing under conditions and in radial or
meshed distribution systems under different load scenarios.

OPTIMAL POWER FLOWNETWORK FLOWDISTRIBUTED ENERGY
RESOURCESDISPATCHIMPLEMENTATIONNETWORK FLOW MODELOPTIMIZATIONMODEL

2022 - Adolfo Blengini Neto, Maria Beatriz Barbosa, 等 5 人 - ENERGIES





INFLUENCE OF INTAKE PORT STRUCTURE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF A SPARK-IGNITED NATURAL
GAS ENGINE

2022 - Jie Pan, Junfang Ma, 等 10 人 - ENERGIES

Spark-ignited natural gas engines have received increasing attention in the
heavy-duty market due to their low cost and reliability advantages. However,
there are still some issues with natural gas engines retrofitted from 10 to 15 L
diesel engines, which is a valuable medium-term goal for the automotive
industry. In this work, the effect of intake port structure on the performance
of a spark-ignited heavy-duty natural gas engine was investigated by
multidimensional numerical simulations. A newly designed intake port was
proposed, with strengthened in-cylinder turbulent kinetic energy and homogeneous
air-fuel mixtures. Bench tests show that the proposed intake port has impressive
thermal efficiency, cycle variation, and acceptable emissions performance. The
effective thermal efficiency improves from 41.0% to 41.4%, and the cycle
variation is 36% lower than traditional schemes. However, with the accelerated
flame propagation, the in-cylinder temperature and NOx emission of the
mixed-flow port increase while the CO emission decreases. In summary, a proper
balance of in-cylinder swirl and tumble flow can significantly affect the
economy and stability of natural gas engines. The proposed structure solves the
inherent problems of slow natural gas flame propagation and harmful cyclic
variations.

MULTIOBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATIONNATURAL GAS ENGINECOMBUSTIONINTAKE PORTIN-CYLINDER
FLOWEMISSIONSTURBULENT KINETIC ENERGYFUELFLOWEFFICIENCYDESIGNSYSTEMMODELNOX

2022 - Jie Pan, Junfang Ma, 等 10 人 - ENERGIES





REDUCED SENSOR BASED CONTROL OF PV-DSTATCOM WITH SWITCH CURRENT LIMITING SCHEME

2022 - Pragnyashree Ray, Pravat Kumar Ray, 等 3 人 - ENERGIES

The work delineated in this paper deals with the reduced sensor-based operation
of PV-DSTATCOM (Photovoltaic distribution static compensator) focusing on the
voltage source inverter (VSI) switch current limiting control. In this study,
the soft computing technique of PV-DSTATCOM control based on the variable leaky
least mean square (VLLMS) algorithm is modified to incorporate both reduced
sensor and switch current limiting schemes. DSTATCOM is predominantly introduced
to improve current related power quality issues by providing non-real power
(i.e., the reactive and harmonic component) of the load demand. However, during
uncertain increase in the non-real power requirement at the load end due to
sudden change in the load demand or any other transient conditions, the non-real
current injected by the DSTATCOM may increase to a level which is beyond the
current handling capacity of the DSTATCOM switches. As a consequence, the
switches may become permanently damaged and, subsequently, the performance of
the DSTATCOM will deteriorate. Hence, the current through the VSI switches can
be limited by controlling the amount of non-real power flow from the DSTATCOM.
During this transient or high current condition, the control transits from power
quality improvement mode to protection mode. As a result, unity power factor
operation at P.C.C (common point of coupling) is compromised for that period or
few cycles of transient condition. Moreover, the efficient operation of any
control demands proper information about the current and the voltage of the
system, which are determined by sensors. However, the faults in these sensors
may deteriorate the controller performance and degrade the system efficacy.
Therefore, to mitigate this issue, the numbers of measurement units are reduced
i.e., the measurement of current in only two phases for load as well as grid,
and the measurement of line voltages using two voltage sensors instead of three
sensors for each phase. The reduction of sensors is accomplished without
compromising the controller efficiency. Further, the system is studied using
MATLAB/Simulink under different condition of steady- state, varying solar
irradiance, increasing load above rated capacity.

DSTATCOMPOWER QUALITY ENHANCEMENTVOLTAGE ESTIMATIONSYSTEMPOWER
QUALITYPROTECTIONFILTERPVFLOWREDUCED SENSORVSIVLLMS

2022 - Pragnyashree Ray, Pravat Kumar Ray, 等 3 人 - ENERGIES





INTER-FUEL SUBSTITUTION, TECHNICAL CHANGE, AND CARBON MITIGATION POTENTIAL IN
PAKISTAN: PERSPECTIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS

2022 - Muhammad Yousaf Raza, Songlin Tang - ENERGIES

Currently, Pakistan is in a stage of urbanization and industrialization, raising
its energy demand and supply and carbon dioxide emissions (CO2Es) due to the
excessive use of fossil fuels. In meeting future demand and supply predictions,
much emphasis should be given to both energy consumption and the level of
inter-factor and inter-fuel substitution possibilities. Specifically, future
outcomes for energy demand are more valid when production models contemplate
substitution elasticity occurring during the period. To analyze the potential
for little reliance on fossil fuels and diminish CO2Es, the present research has
examined the potential for the substitution of energy and non-energy factors
(i.e., natural gas, electricity, petroleum, labor, and capital) by using
translog productions function over the period between 1986-2019. The ridge
regression method is applied to evade the multicollinearity issue in the data.
The model analyzes the output elasticity, substitution elasticity, technical
progress, and carbon emission scenarios. The results show that the output
elasticities are growing, presenting that the contribution of all factors adds
to economic growth. The inputs between capital-petroleum, capital-electricity,
labor-electricity, capital-natural gas, and natural gas-electricity are extreme
substitutes. These substitutes are increasing capital growth and production
sizes. The relative difference in technical progress shows a small positive
change between 3-7% with convergence evident. Lastly, the investment scenarios
under 5% and 10% investment in petroleum reduction are evidence that the CO2Es
would reduce by 7.5 Mt and 10.43 Mt under scenario 1 and 7.0 Mt and 10.9 Mt
under scenario 2. The results have broader suggestions for energy-conserving
policies, particularly under the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor.

ENERGY USEECONOMIC GROWTH NEXUSENERGY-CONSUMPTIONFUEL SUBSTITUTIONCO2
EMISSIONSTECHNICAL PROGRESSTECHNOLOGICAL-PROGRESSECONOMIC GROWTHCO2
EMISSIONSRIDGE REGRESSIONFACTOR DEMANDDYNAMICSINDUSTRYPOLICY

2022 - Muhammad Yousaf Raza, Songlin Tang - ENERGIES




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