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39




WHAT IS NFL?

The National Football League (NFL) is a professional American football league
consisting of 32 teams, divided equally between the National Football Conference
(NFC) and the American Football Conference (AFC). The NFL is one of the four
major professional sports leagues in North America, and the highest professional
level of American football in the world. The NFL's 17-week regular season runs
from early September to late December, with each team playing 16 games and
having one bye week. Following the conclusion of the regular season, seven teams
from each conference advance to the playoffs, a single-elimination tournament
culminating in the Super Bowl, which is usually held on the first Sunday in
February and is played between the champions of the NFC and AFC. The league is
headquartered in New York City.

The NFL was formed in 1920 as the American Professional Football Association
(APFA) before renaming itself the National Football League for the 1922 season.
The NFL agreed to merge with the American Football League (AFL) in 1966, and the
first Super Bowl was held at the end of that season; the merger was completed in
1970. Today, the NFL has the highest average attendance (67,591) of any
professional sports league in the world and is the most popular sports league in
the United States. The Super Bowl is also among the biggest club sporting events
in the world and individual Super Bowl games account for many of the most
watched television programs in American history, all occupying the Nielsen's Top
5 tally of the all-time most watched U.S. television broadcasts by 2015. The
NFL's executive officer is the commissioner, who has broad authority in
governing the league.


WHAT IS NBA?

The National Basketball Association (NBA) is a professional basketball league in
North America. The league is composed of 30 teams (29 in the United States and 1
in Canada). It is one of the four major professional sports leagues in the
United States and Canada, and is widely considered to be the premier men's
professional basketball league in the world. The NBA is an active member of USA
Basketball (USAB), which is recognized by the International Olympic Committee
(IOC) as the national governing body for basketball in the United States. The
NBA is one of the four major North American professional sports leagues. NBA
players are the world's best paid athletes by average annual salary per player.

The league was founded in New York City on June 6, 1946, as the Basketball
Association of America (BAA). The league adopted the name National Basketball
Association in 1949 after merging with the rival National Basketball League
(NBL). The league's several international as well as individual team offices are
directed out of its head offices located in the Olympic Tower at 645 Fifth
Avenue in New York City. NBA Entertainment and NBA TV studios are directed out
of offices located in Secaucus, New Jersey.

The Basketball Association of America was founded in 1946 by owners of the major
ice hockey arenas in the Northeastern and Midwestern United States and Canada.
On November 1, 1946, in Toronto, Canada, the Toronto Huskies hosted the New York
Knickerbockers at Maple Leaf Gardens, in a game the NBA now refers to as the
first game played in NBA history. The first basket was made by Ossie Schectman
of the Knickerbockers. Although there had been earlier attempts at professional
basketball leagues, including the American Basketball League and the NBL, the
BAA was the first league to attempt to play primarily in large arenas in major
cities. During its early years, the quality of play in the BAA was not
significantly better than in competing leagues or among leading independent
clubs such as the Harlem Globetrotters. For instance, the 1948 ABL finalist
Baltimore Bullets moved to the BAA and won that league's 1948 title, and the
1948 NBL champion Minneapolis Lakers won the 1949 BAA title. Prior to the
1948–49 season, however, NBL teams from Fort Wayne, Indianapolis, Minneapolis,
and Rochester jumped to the BAA, which established the BAA as the league of
choice for collegians looking to turn professional.

On August 3, 1949, the remaining NBL teams–Syracuse, Anderson, Tri-Cities,
Sheboygan, Denver, and Waterloo–merged into the BAA. In deference to the merger
and to avoid possible legal complications, the league name was changed to the
present National Basketball Association though the merged league retained the
BAA's governing body, including Podoloff. To this day, the NBA claims the BAA's
history as its own. It now reckons the arrival of the NBL teams as an expansion,
not a merger, and does not recognize NBL records and statistics. The new league
had seventeen franchises located in a mix of large and small cities, as well as
large arenas and smaller gymnasiums and armories. In 1950, the NBA consolidated
to eleven franchises, a process that continued until 1953–54, when the league
reached its smallest size of eight franchises: the New York Knicks, Boston
Celtics, Philadelphia Warriors, Minneapolis Lakers, Rochester Royals, Fort Wayne
Pistons, Tri-Cities Blackhawks, and Syracuse Nationals, all of which remain in
the league today.


WHAT IS NHL?

The National Hockey League (NHL) is a professional ice hockey league in North
America, currently comprising 31 teams: 24 in the United States and 7 in Canada.
The NHL is considered to be the premier professional ice hockey league in the
world, and one of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and
Canada. The Stanley Cup, the oldest professional sports trophy in North America,
is awarded annually to the league playoff champion at the end of each season.

The National Hockey League was organized on November 26, 1917, at the Windsor
Hotel in Montreal after the suspension of operations of its predecessor
organization, the National Hockey Association (NHA), which had been founded in
1909. The NHL immediately took the NHA's place as one of the leagues that
contested for the Stanley Cup in an annual interleague competition before a
series of league mergers and folds left the NHL as the only league left
competing for the Stanley Cup in 1926.

At its inception, the NHL had four teams—all in Canada, thus the adjective
"National" in the league's name. The league expanded to the United States in
1924, when the Boston Bruins joined, and has since consisted of American and
Canadian teams. From 1942 to 1967, the league had only six teams, collectively
(if not contemporaneously) nicknamed the "Original Six". The NHL added six new
teams to double its size at the 1967 NHL expansion. The league then increased to
18 teams in 1974 and 21 teams in 1979. In the 1990s, the NHL further expanded to
30 teams. A possible 31st team or relocation of an existing franchise to a
Canadian city could be added in the future.




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