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CYBERSECURITY IN A RACE TO UNMASK A NEW WAVE OF AI-BORNE DEEPFAKES

Kevin Mandia, CEO of Mandiant at Google Cloud, calls for content "watermarks" as
the industry braces for a barrage of mind-bending AI-generated fake audio and
video traffic.

Kelly Jackson Higgins, Editor-in-Chief, Dark Reading

May 10, 2024

4 Min Read
Source: Alfonso Fabiio Iozzino via Alamy Stock Photo


RSA CONFERENCE 2024 – San Francisco – Everyone's talking about deepfakes, but
the majority of AI-generated synthetic media circulating today will seem quaint
in comparison to the sophistication and volume of what's about to come.

Kevin Mandia, CEO of Mandiant at Google Cloud, says it's likely a matter of
months before the next generation of more realistic and convincing deepfake
audio and video become mass-produced with AI technology. "I don't think it's
[deepfake content] been good enough yet," Mandia said here in an interview with
Dark Reading. "We are right before the storm of synthetic media hitting, where
it's really a mass manipulation of people's hearts and minds."



The election year is of course a factor in the expected boom in deepfakes. The
relative good news is that to date, most audio and video deepfakes have been
fairly simple to spot either by existing detection tools or savvy humans.
Voice-identity security vendor Pindrop says it can ID and stop most phony audio
clips, and many AI image-creation tools infamously fail to render
realistic-looking human hands — some generating hands with nine fingers, for
example — a dead giveaway of a phony image.



Security tools that detect synthetic media are just now hitting the industry,
including that of Reality Defender, a startup that detects AI-generated media,
which was named the Most Innovative Startup of 2024 here this week in the RSA
Conference Innovation Sandbox competition.

Source: Mandiant/Google Cloud

Mandia, who says he is an investor in a startup working on AI-generated content
fraud detection called Real Factors, says the main way to stop deepfakes from
fooling users and overshadowing real content is for content-makers to embed
"watermarks." Microsoft Teams and Google Meet clients, for example, would be
watermarked, he says, with immutable metadata, signed files, and digital
certificates.



"You're going to see a huge uptick of this, at a time when privacy is being
emphasized" as well, he notes. "Identity is going to get far better and
provenance of sources will be far better," he says, to guarantee authenticity on
each end.

"My thought is this watermark could reflect policies and profiles of risk that
each company that creates content has," Mandia explains.



Mandia warns that the next wave of AI-generated audio and video will be
especially tough to detect as phony. "What if you have a 10-minute video and two
milliseconds of it are fake? Is the technology ever going to exist that's so
good to say, 'That's fake'? We're going to have the infamous arms race, and
defense loses in an arms race."


MAKING CYBERCRIMINALS PAY

Cyberattacks overall have become more costly financially and reputation-wise for
victim organizations, Mandia says, so it's time to flip the equation and make it
riskier for the threat actors themselves by doubling down on sharing attribution
intel and naming names.

"We've actually gotten good at threat intelligence. But we're not good at the
attribution of the threat intelligence," he says. The model of continuously
putting the burden on organizations to build up their defenses is not working.
"We're imposing cost on the wrong side of the hose," he says.

Mandia believes it's time to revisit treaties with the safe harbors of
cybercriminals and to double down on calling out the individuals behind the
keyboard and sharing attribution data in attacks. Take the sanctions against and
naming of the leader of the prolific LockBit ransomware group by international
law enforcement this week, he says. Officials in Australia, Europe, and the US
teamed up and slapped sanctions on Russian national Dmitry Yuryevich, 31, of
Voronezh, Russia, for his alleged role as ringleader of the cybercrime
organization. They offered a $10 million reward for information on him and
released his photo, a move that Mandia applauds as the right strategy for
raising the risk for the bad guys.



"I think that does matter. If you're a criminal and all of a sudden the whole
world has your photo, that's a problem for you. That's a deterrent and a far
bigger deterrent than 'raising the cost' to an attacker," Mandia maintains.

Law enforcement, governments, and private industry need to revisit how to start
identifying the cybercriminals effectively, he says, noting that a big challenge
with unmasking is privacy and civil liberty laws in different countries. "We've
got to start addressing this without impacting civil liberties," he says.




ABOUT THE AUTHOR(S)

Kelly Jackson Higgins, Editor-in-Chief, Dark Reading



Kelly Jackson Higgins is the Editor-in-Chief of Dark Reading. She is an
award-winning veteran technology and business journalist with more than two
decades of experience in reporting and editing for various publications,
including Network Computing, Secure Enterprise Magazine, Virginia Business
magazine, and other major media properties. Jackson Higgins was recently
selected as one of the Top 10 Cybersecurity Journalists in the US, and named as
one of Folio's 2019 Top Women in Media. She began her career as a sports writer
in the Washington, DC metropolitan area, and earned her BA at William & Mary.
Follow her on Twitter @kjhiggins.

See more from Kelly Jackson Higgins, Editor-in-Chief, Dark Reading
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