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Home Industrial Automation What is the difference between 2 wire 3 wire and 4
wire...
* Industrial Automation
* Process Instrumentation
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN 2 WIRE 3 WIRE AND 4 WIRE TRANSMITTERS?
By
Krunal Shah
-
September 28, 2022
2
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2 mins read
Wiring a process instrument is quite hectic. Because, before you wire it you
should know whether the transmitter is 2-wire, 3 wire or 4-wire. Also, the
internal wiring of PLC analog input depends on the type of transmitter wiring.
Also, it is one of the most important selection criteria for process instruments
as well.
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So in this article, I would tell you the difference between 2 wire 3wire and 4
wire transmitters wiring types along with their pros and cons.
2-WIRE TRANSMITTER
This is one of the simplest wiring types as it only has two wires. In this
configuration supply power and 4-20 mA signal uses two-wire loop connections.
Either the transmitter or the receiver would provide the power supply to the
loop. However, a separate power supply is also available as an option.
Pros
* Low power consumption.
* Uses only two wire loops.
* Separate power supply can be eliminated as either transmitter or receiver can
supply the power to the loop.
* Less cost as compared to 3-wire and 4-wire.
Cons
* The configuration is not suitable for power hungry transmitters or those
require more power for their operations like gas analyzer, refract meters,
flow meters, etc.
3-WIRE TRANSMITTER
The transmitter and receiver share common 0 V DC lines. 4-20 mA is supplied by
the transmitter to the PLC module. 3rd wire is used to connect common 0 V DC.
Pros
* Low cost than 4-wire.
* Easier to wire as compared to 4-wire.
Cons
* This configuration may generate spurious alarms due to electrical
interference.
* Very confusing to wire.
4-WIRE TRANSMITTER
The transmitter uses a separate 24 DC power supply. The 4-20 mA flows through
two separate cables.
Pros
* This configuration helps in eliminating the problem of electrical
interference thus reducing the risk of spurious alarms.
* It can supply power efficiently to relays and LEDs.
* Power isolation from IO modules is possible.
Cons
* Requires additional cable cores.
* Requires a separate power supply for transmitter and controller.
* More wiring requirements.
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Krunal Shah
Krunal Shah is Electrical and Electronics Engineer with almost 12 years of
experience in corporate in relevant field before starting Engineers Hub. He
loves to share his experience and knowledge and that makes him a passionate
educator and career-counselor also. Along with Engineers Hub he also runs Subodh
Tech Private Limited where he is involved in providing job-oriented training and
Engineering Consultancy.
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2 COMMENTS
1. Lila July 1, 2020 At 8:43 pm
Good day! I just want to offer you a huge thumbs up for your excellent
information you’ve got here on this post. I will
be coming back to your blog for more stuffs like that.
Reply
* Krunal Shah July 13, 2020 At 6:59 pm
Thank you
Reply
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