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Submitted URL: http://www.spglobal.com/?utm
Effective URL: https://www.spglobal.com/en/?utm
Submission: On June 06 via api from AE — Scanned from DE
Effective URL: https://www.spglobal.com/en/?utm
Submission: On June 06 via api from AE — Scanned from DE
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Use Website In a Screen-Reader Mode Accessibility Screen-Reader Guide, Feedback, and Issue Reporting Skip to Content ↵ENTER Skip to Menu ↵ENTER Skip to Footer ↵ENTER Corporate /en/index content esgSubNav S&P Global * S&P Global * S&P Dow Jones Indices * S&P Global Market Intelligence * S&P Global Mobility * S&P Global Commodity Insights * S&P Global Ratings * S&P Global Sustainable1 Close Discover more about S&P Global’s offerings Investor Relations * Investor Relations Overview * Presentations * Investor Fact Book * News Releases * Quarterly Earnings * SEC Filings & Reports * Executive Committee * Governance * Merger Information * Stock & Dividends * Shareholder Services * Contact English * 中文 Contact Us * Enterprise Contacts * Divisional Contacts * Media Contacts Product Login * Who We Are * Capabilities * Research & Insights * Careers * Events * Who We Are * Our Purpose & Values * Our People * Our History * Corporate Responsibility * Diversity, Equity & Inclusion * Investor Relations * Capabilities * Overview * Data & Analytics * Research & Insights * Ratings & Benchmarks * Technology Solutions * Experts * S&P Dow Jones Indices * S&P Global Market Intelligence * S&P Global Mobility * S&P Global Commodity Insights * S&P Global Ratings * Research & Insights * Overview * Research Council * Markets in Motion * Podcasts * Videos LOOK FORWARD * Careers * Overview * Our Culture * Our Commitment * Our Work * Search for a Job * Events * Featured S&P Global Events * Webinar Replays * S&P Global Ratings Events * S&P Global Market Intelligence Events * S&P Global Commodity Insights Events * S&P Dow Jones Indices Events * S&P Global Mobility Events * * Our Purpose & Values * Our People * Our History * Corporate Responsibility * Diversity, Equity & Inclusion * Investor Relations From S&P Global Press Release: S&P Global Merges With IHS Markit On February 28, 2022, S&P Global completed its merger with IHS Markit, the next step in delivering data, technology and expertise that accelerates progress. Read: 2021 Annual Report As great as last year was for our company, in many ways 2022 is shaping up to be even better. In February, we closed a transformative merger with IHS Markit. We believe combining our two companies will create substantial long-term value for all our stakeholders. Read: S&P Global Foundation The S&P Global Foundation is about much more than philanthropy—we are about making a difference by finding and developing essential connections between the knowledge- and skill-driven work of S&P Global and the needs of society. * * Overview * Data & Analytics * Research & Insights * Ratings & Benchmarks * Technology Solutions * Experts * S&P Dow Jones Indices * S&P Global Market Intelligence * S&P Global Mobility * S&P Global Commodity Insights * S&P Global Ratings * * Overview * Research Council * Markets in Motion * Podcasts * Videos LOOK FORWARD Most Popular Insights Read: Are crypto markets correlated with macroeconomic factors? Cryptocurrency prices seem to be less affected by macroeconomic factors than prices of more traditional financial assets. Key drivers for crypto assets include market confidence, adoption, technology and liquidity conditions. Look Forward: Private Markets In moments of upheaval and transition, the following articles are designed to build understanding about growing private debt and private equity markets. Read: Private Lending: Time to Adjust the Sails Private markets have grown exponentially over the past decade, affecting a wide array of investments. * * Overview * Our Culture * Our Commitment * Our Work * Search for a Job * * Featured S&P Global Events * Webinar Replays * S&P Global Ratings Events * S&P Global Market Intelligence Events * S&P Global Commodity Insights Events * S&P Dow Jones Indices Events * S&P Global Mobility Events Please be aware of potential fraudulent career solicitations. If you would like to verify an S&P Global career solicitation or offer, please contact PeopleMovementSupport@spglobal.com. X LATEST RESEARCH Sustainability S&P Global Ratings ECONOMIC RESEARCH: COULD GREEN GROWTH BE AN OXYMORON? Using a simple two-sector model to examine trade-offs between economic growth and its environmental impact, S&P Global Ratings Chief Economist Paul Gruenwald shows that higher output is no longer unambiguously positive. Key Themes 2023 S&P Global Ratings SEEKING ENERGY AND CLIMATE RESILIENCE Sustainability S&P Global SUSTAINABILITY REGULATION & STANDARDS RECEIVE IMMEDIATE INSIGHTS ON THE INDIVIDUAL MARKET DEVELOPMENTS YOU NEED TO KNOW FOR A 360° PERSPECTIVE ON THE BIG STORIES SHAPING OUR WORLD. Subscribe to our Research & Insights 2022 IMPACT, DEI AND TCFD REPORTS LEARN MORE S&P GLOBAL DAILY UPDATE S&P Global Daily Update June 5, 2023 CHALLENGES ABOUND FOR FLORIDA PROPERTY INSURERS S&P Global Daily Update June 2, 2023 WHAT AI DEVELOPMENT MEANS FOR CYBERSECURITY S&P Global Daily Update June 1, 2023 WARM WEATHER AND WILDFIRES ASSAIL CANADA’S OIL SANDS START EVERY BUSINESS DAY WITH OUR ANALYSES OF THE MOST PRESSING DEVELOPMENTS AFFECTING MARKETS TODAY, ALONGSIDE A CURATED SELECTION OF OUR LATEST AND MOST IMPORTANT INSIGHTS ON THE GLOBAL ECONOMY. Subscribe today MARKET SCAN IS NOW A PART OF S&P GLOBAL MOBILITY. READ MORE -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sustainability TRANSFORM YOUR TOMORROW — SOLUTIONS FOR EVERY SEGMENT The journey towards a sustainable tomorrow looks different across market segments. Sustainability solutions from S&P Global Market Intelligence were created with our diverse customers in mind. Learn more > -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ESSENTIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR A CHANGING WORLD. SEEK & PROSPER LOOK FORWARD Read More Cross-Divisional Research S&P Global LOOK FORWARD: PRIVATE MARKETS In moments of upheaval and transition, the following articles are designed to build understanding about growing private debt and private equity markets. Look Forward: Private Markets S&P Global PRIVATE LENDING: TIME TO ADJUST THE SAILS Private markets have grown exponentially over the past decade, affecting a wide array of investments. Look Forward: Private Markets S&P Global THE ENERGY TRANSITION – BORN IN THE DARK The emerging cycle of energy transition and climate investing is being “born in the dark.” KEY TOPICS GLOBAL ECONOMY METALS & MINING OIL & GAS CHINA IN FOCUS SUPPLY CHAINS ENERGY TRANSITION MARKET DYNAMICS CREDIT MARKETS SUSTAINABILITY REGULATION & STANDARDS AGRIBUSINESS BANKING AUTOMOTIVE TECHNOLOGY & MEDIA AMERICAS ECONOMY INSURANCE ‹ › DISCOVER MORE DISCOVER ONE S&P GLOBAL EXPLORE PREMIUM FUNDAMENTAL AND ALTERNATIVE DATASETS AVAILABLE SEAMLESSLY VIA DESKTOP, CLOUD, DATA FEED, AND API SOLUTIONS, ALONG WITH EXPERT ANALYSIS YOU WON'T FIND ANYWHERE ELSE, ON THE S&P GLOBAL MARKETPLACE. Start Exploring Digital Disruption S&P Global ARE CRYPTO MARKETS CORRELATED WITH MACROECONOMIC FACTORS? Cryptocurrency prices seem to be less affected by macroeconomic factors than prices of more traditional financial assets. Key drivers for crypto assets include market confidence, adoption, technology and liquidity conditions. By contrast, traditional financial assets are strongly influenced by macroeconomic drivers, such as interest rates and inflation. These traditional assets also differ from crypto in being subject to government regulations and in being more transparent in terms of knowyour-customer requirements and anti money laundering measures. Key Themes 2023 S&P Global Ratings MANAGING CRYPTO AND CYBER DISRUPTION The transformation of global and regional financial systems amid the adoption of new technologies--from artificial intelligence to cryptocurrencies, tokenization, distributed ledgers, and beyond--is accelerating an era of growth and discovery. Capital Markets S&P Global DIGITAL ASSETS Digital assets have moved from the fringes to the mainstream as new technologies, new players, and new concerns transform the market. From sovereigns to startups, everyone needs to know DeFI now. TRENDING Capital Markets Private Debt: A Lesser-Known Corner Of Finance Finds The Spotlight The private debt market has grown tenfold in the past decade with assets under management of funds primarily involved in direct lending surging to $412 billion at end-2020—spurred in part by investors’ search for higher yield. Markets in Motion War in Ukraine Without a quick end to the conflict on the horizon, the effects of the Russian invasion of Ukraine are being seen in equities, energy, global trade and commodities markets. Technology & Innovation Automotive Start your engines and drive your decision-making to your destination with observations and insights from our global automotive industry experts on the market’s technology, production, product strategies, sales, and marketing. INSIGHTS ON MOBILITY Automotive S&P Global THE EVOLUTION OF THE EV CONSUMER Automotive S&P Global THE CHALLENGE OF SOURCING EV BATTERY MINERALS IN AN ESG WORLD Automotive S&P Global HYDROGEN: IN IT FOR THE LONG HAUL As shocks reverberate across economies and markets, finding a way through the strains weighing on credit leaves little room for error. AUTOMOTIVE INSIGHTS FROM S&P GLOBAL MOBILITY LEVERAGE TECHNOLOGY AND DATA SCIENCE TO PROVIDE UNIQUE INSIGHTS, FORECASTS AND ADVISORY SERVICES SPANNING EVERY MAJOR MARKET AND THE ENTIRE AUTOMOTIVE VALUE CHAIN—FROM PRODUCT PLANNING TO MARKETING, SALES AND THE AFTERMARKET. Learn more THE ESSENTIAL PODCAST SEE ALL EPISODES Episode 85 CAPITALISM WITHOUT DEMOCRACY – FROM HONG KONG TO GATED COMMUNITIES Episode 84 DISCUSSING GENERATIVE AI WITH BHAVESH DAYALJI Episode 83 THE INTERESTING THING ABOUT INTEREST WITH EDWARD CHANCELLOR SEE ALL EPISODES OUR DIVISIONS Bringing together highly complementary capabilities to power the markets of the future. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Our analyst-driven credit ratings, research, and sustainable finance opinions provide critical insights that are essential to translating complexity into clarity so market participants can uncover opportunities and make decisions with conviction. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- We provide iconic and innovative index solutions backed by unparalleled expertise across the asset-class spectrum. By bringing transparency to the global capital markets, we empower investors everywhere to make decisions with conviction. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- With our unparalleled data and deep insights of global energy and commodities markets, we enable our customers to make decisions with conviction and create long-term, sustainable value. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Our team of experts delivers leading data and technology solutions, partnering with customers to provide them with unrivaled insights to expand their perspectives, operate with confidence and make decisions with conviction. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- We provide invaluable insights derived from unmatched automotive data, enabling our customers to anticipate change and make decisions with conviction. We help to optimize their businesses, reach the right consumers, and shape the future of mobility. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Data & Analytics * Research & Commentary * Benchmarks * Credit Ratings * Workflow Solutions * ESG Solutions * Our Purpose & Values * Press * Ventures * Contact Us * Report an Ethics Concern * Office Locations * Careers * Corporate Responsibility * History * Investor Relations * Leadership * IOSCO ESG Rating & Data Product Statements * © 2023 S&P Global * Terms of Use * Cookie Notice * Privacy Policy * Client Privacy Portal * Do Not Sell My Personal Information * 中文 * Cookie Settings * * * * * * * Episode 85 Episode 84 Episode 83 English Accessibility Adjustments Reset Settings Statement Hide Interface Choose the right accessibility profile for you OFF ON Seizure Safe Profile Clear flashes & reduces color This profile enables epileptic and seizure prone users to browse safely by eliminating the risk of seizures that result from flashing or blinking animations and risky color combinations. OFF ON Vision Impaired Profile Enhances website's visuals This profile adjusts the website, so that it is accessible to the majority of visual impairments such as Degrading Eyesight, Tunnel Vision, Cataract, Glaucoma, and others. OFF ON ADHD Friendly Profile More focus & fewer distractions This profile significantly reduces distractions, to help people with ADHD and Neurodevelopmental disorders browse, read, and focus on the essential elements of the website more easily. OFF ON Cognitive Disability Profile Assists with reading & focusing This profile provides various assistive features to help users with cognitive disabilities such as Autism, Dyslexia, CVA, and others, to focus on the essential elements of the website more easily. OFF ON Keyboard Navigation (Motor) Use website with the keyboard This profile enables motor-impaired persons to operate the website using the keyboard Tab, Shift+Tab, and the Enter keys. Users can also use shortcuts such as “M” (menus), “H” (headings), “F” (forms), “B” (buttons), and “G” (graphics) to jump to specific elements. Note: This profile prompts automatically for keyboard users. OFF ON Blind Users (Screen Reader) Optimize website for screen-readers This profile adjusts the website to be compatible with screen-readers such as JAWS, NVDA, VoiceOver, and TalkBack. A screen-reader is software that is installed on the blind user’s computer and smartphone, and websites should ensure compatibility with it. Note: This profile prompts automatically to screen-readers. Content Adjustments Content Scaling Default Readable Font Highlight Titles Highlight Links Text Magnifier Adjust Font Sizing Default Align Center Adjust Line Height Default Align Left Adjust Letter Spacing Default Align Right Color Adjustments Dark Contrast Light Contrast High Contrast High Saturation Adjust Text Colors Cancel Monochrome Adjust Title Colors Cancel Low Saturation Adjust Background Colors Cancel Orientation Adjustments Mute Sounds Hide Images Read Mode Reading Guide Useful Links Select an option Home Header Footer Main Content Stop Animations Reading Mask Highlight Hover Highlight Focus Big Black Cursor Big White Cursor HIDDEN_ADJUSTMENTS Keyboard Navigation Accessible Mode Screen Reader Adjustments Read Mode Powered By Crownpeak Choose the Interface Language English Español Deutsch Português Français Italiano עברית 繁體中文 Pусский عربى عربى Nederlands 繁體中文 日本語 Polski Türk Accessibility StatementCompliance status We firmly believe that the internet should be available and accessible to anyone and are committed to providing a website that is accessible to the broadest possible audience, regardless of ability. To fulfill this, we aim to adhere as strictly as possible to the World Wide Web Consortium’s (W3C) Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.1 (WCAG 2.1) at the AA level. These guidelines explain how to make web content accessible to people with a wide array of disabilities. Complying with those guidelines helps us ensure that the website is accessible to blind people, people with motor impairments, visual impairment, cognitive disabilities, and more. This website utilizes various technologies that are meant to make it as accessible as possible at all times. We utilize an accessibility interface that allows persons with specific disabilities to adjust the website’s UI (user interface) and design it to their personal needs. Additionally, the website utilizes an AI-based application that runs in the background and optimizes its accessibility level constantly. This application remediates the website’s HTML, adapts its functionality and behavior for screen-readers used by blind users, and for keyboard functions used by individuals with motor impairments. If you wish to contact the website’s owner please use the website's form Screen-reader and keyboard navigation Our website implements the ARIA attributes (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) technique, alongside various behavioral changes, to ensure blind users visiting with screen-readers can read, comprehend, and enjoy the website’s functions. As soon as a user with a screen-reader enters your site, they immediately receive a prompt to enter the Screen-Reader Profile so they can browse and operate your site effectively. Here’s how our website covers some of the most important screen-reader requirements: 1. Screen-reader optimization: we run a process that learns the website’s components from top to bottom, to ensure ongoing compliance even when updating the website. In this process, we provide screen-readers with meaningful data using the ARIA set of attributes. For example, we provide accurate form labels; descriptions for actionable icons (social media icons, search icons, cart icons, etc.); validation guidance for form inputs; element roles such as buttons, menus, modal dialogues (popups), and others. Additionally, the background process scans all of the website’s images. It provides an accurate and meaningful image-object-recognition-based description as an ALT (alternate text) tag for images that are not described. It will also extract texts embedded within the image using an OCR (optical character recognition) technology. To turn on screen-reader adjustments at any time, users need only to press the Alt+1 keyboard combination. Screen-reader users also get automatic announcements to turn the Screen-reader mode on as soon as they enter the website. These adjustments are compatible with popular screen readers such as JAWS, NVDA, VoiceOver, and TalkBack. 2. Keyboard navigation optimization: The background process also adjusts the website’s HTML and adds various behaviors using JavaScript code to make the website operable by the keyboard. This includes the ability to navigate the website using the Tab and Shift+Tab keys, operate dropdowns with the arrow keys, close them with Esc, trigger buttons and links using the Enter key, navigate between radio and checkbox elements using the arrow keys, and fill them in with the Spacebar or Enter key. Additionally, keyboard users will find content-skip menus available at any time by clicking Alt+2, or as the first element of the site while navigating with the keyboard. The background process also handles triggered popups by moving the keyboard focus towards them as soon as they appear, not allowing the focus to drift outside. Users can also use shortcuts such as “M” (menus), “H” (headings), “F” (forms), “B” (buttons), and “G” (graphics) to jump to specific elements. Disability profiles supported on our website * Epilepsy Safe Profile: this profile enables people with epilepsy to safely use the website by eliminating the risk of seizures resulting from flashing or blinking animations and risky color combinations. * Vision Impaired Profile: this profile adjusts the website so that it is accessible to the majority of visual impairments such as Degrading Eyesight, Tunnel Vision, Cataract, Glaucoma, and others. * Cognitive Disability Profile: this profile provides various assistive features to help users with cognitive disabilities such as Autism, Dyslexia, CVA, and others, to focus on the essential elements more easily. * ADHD Friendly Profile: this profile significantly reduces distractions and noise to help people with ADHD, and Neurodevelopmental disorders browse, read, and focus on the essential elements more easily. * Blind Users Profile (Screen-readers): this profile adjusts the website to be compatible with screen-readers such as JAWS, NVDA, VoiceOver, and TalkBack. A screen-reader is installed on the blind user’s computer, and this site is compatible with it. * Keyboard Navigation Profile (Motor-Impaired): this profile enables motor-impaired persons to operate the website using the keyboard Tab, Shift+Tab, and the Enter keys. Users can also use shortcuts such as “M” (menus), “H” (headings), “F” (forms), “B” (buttons), and “G” (graphics) to jump to specific elements. Additional UI, design, and readability adjustments 1. Font adjustments – users can increase and decrease its size, change its family (type), adjust the spacing, alignment, line height, and more. 2. Color adjustments – users can select various color contrast profiles such as light, dark, inverted, and monochrome. Additionally, users can swap color schemes of titles, texts, and backgrounds with over seven different coloring options. 3. Animations – epileptic users can stop all running animations with the click of a button. Animations controlled by the interface include videos, GIFs, and CSS flashing transitions. 4. Content highlighting – users can choose to emphasize essential elements such as links and titles. They can also choose to highlight focused or hovered elements only. 5. Audio muting – users with hearing devices may experience headaches or other issues due to automatic audio playing. This option lets users mute the entire website instantly. 6. Cognitive disorders – we utilize a search engine linked to Wikipedia and Wiktionary, allowing people with cognitive disorders to decipher meanings of phrases, initials, slang, and others. 7. Additional functions – we allow users to change cursor color and size, use a printing mode, enable a virtual keyboard, and many other functions. Assistive technology and browser compatibility We aim to support as many browsers and assistive technologies as possible, so our users can choose the best fitting tools for them, with as few limitations as possible. Therefore, we have worked very hard to be able to support all major systems that comprise over 95% of the user market share, including Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Apple Safari, Opera and Microsoft Edge, JAWS, and NVDA (screen readers), both for Windows and MAC users. Notes, comments, and feedback Despite our very best efforts to allow anybody to adjust the website to their needs, there may still be pages or sections that are not fully accessible, are in the process of becoming accessible, or are lacking an adequate technological solution to make them accessible. Still, we are continually improving our accessibility, adding, updating, improving its options and features, and developing and adopting new technologies. All this is meant to reach the optimal level of accessibility following technological advancements. If you wish to contact the website’s owner, please use the website's form Hide Accessibility Interface? Please note: If you choose to hide the accessibility interface, you won't be able to see it anymore, unless you clear your browsing history and data. Are you sure that you wish to hide the interface? Accept Cancel Continue Processing the data, please give it a few seconds... Press Alt+1 for screen-reader mode, Alt+0 to cancel YOUR COOKIE CONTROLS: S&P Global uses cookies to improve user experience and site performance, offer advertising tailored to your interests and enable social media sharing. Where required by applicable law, we will obtain your consent before we place any cookies on your device that are not strictly necessary for the functioning of our websites. By clicking "Accept All Cookies", you agree to our use of cookies. Learn about our cookies and how to modify your preferences in our Cookie Notice. Visit our updated Privacy Policy and Cookie Notice, effective December 30, 2022. Cookie Settings Accept All Cookies PRIVACY PREFERENCE CENTER When you visit any web site, it may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. This information might be about you, your preferences or your device and is mostly used to make the site work as you expect it to. The information does not usually directly identify you, but it can give you a more personalized web experience. Because we respect your right to privacy, you can choose not to allow some types of cookies. Click on the different category headings to find out more and change our default settings. However, blocking some types of cookies may impact your experience of the site and the services we are able to offer. More information Allow All MANAGE CONSENT PREFERENCES FUNCTIONAL COOKIES Functional Cookies These cookies enable the website to provide enhanced functionality and personalisation. They may be set by us or by third party providers whose services we have added to our pages. If you do not allow these cookies then some or all of these services may not function properly. Cookies Details TARGETING COOKIES Targeting Cookies These cookies may be set through our site by our advertising partners. They may be used by those companies to build a profile of your interests and show you relevant adverts on other sites. They do not store directly personal information, but are based on uniquely identifying your browser and internet device. If you do not allow these cookies, you will experience less targeted advertising. Cookies Details PERFORMANCE COOKIES Performance Cookies These cookies allow us to count visits and traffic sources so we can measure and improve the performance of our site. They help us to know which pages are the most and least popular and see how visitors move around the site. All information these cookies collect is aggregated and therefore anonymous. If you do not allow these cookies we will not know when you have visited our site, and will not be able to monitor its performance. Cookies Details STRICTLY NECESSARY COOKIES Always Active These cookies are necessary for the website to function and cannot be switched off in our systems. They are usually only set in response to actions made by you which amount to a request for services, such as setting your privacy preferences, logging in or filling in forms. You can set your browser to block or alert you about these cookies, but some parts of the site will not then work. These cookies do not store any personally identifiable information. Cookies Details Back Button PERFORMANCE COOKIES Search Icon Filter Icon Clear checkbox label label Apply Cancel Consent Leg.Interest checkbox label label checkbox label label checkbox label label * View Cookies * Name cookie name Save Settings