ourworldindata.org Open in urlscan Pro
172.67.73.95  Public Scan

Form analysis
3 forms found in the DOM

<form class="aa-Form" action="" novalidate="" role="search">
  <div class="aa-InputWrapperPrefix"><label class="aa-Label" for="autocomplete-0-input" id="autocomplete-0-label"><button class="aa-SubmitButton" type="submit" title="Submit" disabled="true"><svg class="aa-SubmitIcon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="20"
          height="20" fill="currentColor">
          <path
            d="M16.041 15.856c-0.034 0.026-0.067 0.055-0.099 0.087s-0.060 0.064-0.087 0.099c-1.258 1.213-2.969 1.958-4.855 1.958-1.933 0-3.682-0.782-4.95-2.050s-2.050-3.017-2.050-4.95 0.782-3.682 2.050-4.95 3.017-2.050 4.95-2.050 3.682 0.782 4.95 2.050 2.050 3.017 2.050 4.95c0 1.886-0.745 3.597-1.959 4.856zM21.707 20.293l-3.675-3.675c1.231-1.54 1.968-3.493 1.968-5.618 0-2.485-1.008-4.736-2.636-6.364s-3.879-2.636-6.364-2.636-4.736 1.008-6.364 2.636-2.636 3.879-2.636 6.364 1.008 4.736 2.636 6.364 3.879 2.636 6.364 2.636c2.125 0 4.078-0.737 5.618-1.968l3.675 3.675c0.391 0.391 1.024 0.391 1.414 0s0.391-1.024 0-1.414z">
          </path>
        </svg></button></label>
    <div class="aa-LoadingIndicator" hidden=""><svg class="aa-LoadingIcon" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="20" height="20">
        <circle cx="50" cy="50" fill="none" r="35" stroke="currentColor" stroke-dasharray="164.93361431346415 56.97787143782138" stroke-width="6">
          <animateTransform attributeName="transform" type="rotate" repeatCount="indefinite" dur="1s" values="0 50 50;90 50 50;180 50 50;360 50 50" keyTimes="0;0.40;0.65;1"></animateTransform>
        </circle>
      </svg></div>
  </div>
  <div class="aa-InputWrapper"><input class="aa-Input" aria-autocomplete="both" aria-labelledby="autocomplete-0-label" id="autocomplete-0-input" autocomplete="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" enterkeyhint="search" spellcheck="false"
      placeholder="Try “Life expectancy”, “Poverty Nigeria Vietnam”, “CO2 France”…" maxlength="512" type="search"></div>
  <div class="aa-InputWrapperSuffix"><button class="aa-ClearButton" type="reset" title="Clear" hidden=""><svg class="aa-ClearIcon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="18" height="18" fill="currentColor">
        <path
          d="M5.293 6.707l5.293 5.293-5.293 5.293c-0.391 0.391-0.391 1.024 0 1.414s1.024 0.391 1.414 0l5.293-5.293 5.293 5.293c0.391 0.391 1.024 0.391 1.414 0s0.391-1.024 0-1.414l-5.293-5.293 5.293-5.293c0.391-0.391 0.391-1.024 0-1.414s-1.024-0.391-1.414 0l-5.293 5.293-5.293-5.293c-0.391-0.391-1.024-0.391-1.414 0s-0.391 1.024 0 1.414z">
        </path>
      </svg></button></div>
</form>

Name: mc-embedded-subscribe-form — POST https://ourworldindata.us8.list-manage.com/subscribe/post?u=18058af086319ba6afad752ec&id=2e166c1fc1

<form action="https://ourworldindata.us8.list-manage.com/subscribe/post?u=18058af086319ba6afad752ec&amp;id=2e166c1fc1" method="post" id="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" name="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" target="_blank"><span
    class="NewsletterSubscriptionForm__header">Receive our latest work by email.</span>
  <div class="owid-checkbox-block"><input type="checkbox" value="1" name="group[85302][1]" id="mce-group[85302]-85302-0-homepage" checked=""><label for="mce-group[85302]-85302-0-homepage">
      <div class="label-title">Immediate updates</div>
      <div class="label-text">Receive an email from us whenever we publish new work (maximum 1 per day).</div>
    </label></div>
  <div class="owid-checkbox-block"><input type="checkbox" value="2" name="group[85302][2]" id="mce-group[85302]-85302-1-homepage" checked=""><label for="mce-group[85302]-85302-1-homepage">
      <div class="label-title">Biweekly digest</div>
      <div class="label-text">Receive an overview of our recent work and highlights of our other work every two weeks.</div>
    </label></div>
  <div class="NewsletterSubscription__email-submit"><input type="email" placeholder="Your email address" class="NewsletterSubscription__email" name="EMAIL"><button aria-label="Subscribe to newsletter" type="submit"
      class="NewsletterSubscription__submit">Subscribe</button></div><input type="hidden" name="b_18058af086319ba6afad752ec_2e166c1fc1" tabindex="-1">
  <div class="NewsletterSubscription__privacy">By subscribing you are agreeing to the terms of our <a href="/privacy-policy">privacy policy</a>.</div>
</form>

<form class="FeedbackForm">
  <div class="header">Leave us feedback</div>
  <div class="notice">
    <p><strong>Have a question?</strong> You may find an answer in:<br><a href="https://ourworldindata.org/faqs" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer"><strong>General FAQ</strong></a> or
      <a href="https://ourworldindata.org/covid-vaccinations#frequently-asked-questions" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer"><strong>Vaccinations FAQ</strong></a></p>
  </div>
  <div class="formBody">
    <div class="formSection formSectionExpand"><label for="feedback.message">Message</label><textarea id="feedback.message" rows="5" minlength="30" required=""></textarea></div>
    <div class="formSection"><label for="feedback.name">Your name</label><input id="feedback.name"></div>
    <div class="formSection"><label for="feedback.email">Email address</label><input id="feedback.email" type="email"><small class="form-text text-muted">Your name and email will only be used to reply to you and not for any other purpose. If you do
        not give a valid email, we will not be able to reply to you.</small></div>
  </div>
  <div class="footer"><button aria-label="Submit feedback" type="submit">Send message</button></div>
</form>

Text Content

Our World
in Data

 * Browse by topic
 * Latest
 * Resources
 * About

Subscribe
Donate
Gdoc/Admin

Popular pages

 * Plastic Pollution
 * COVID-19 Data Explorer
 * CO₂ & Greenhouse Gas Emissions
 * Artificial Intelligence
 * Population Growth
 * Biodiversity
 * War and Peace


RESEARCH AND DATA TO MAKE PROGRESS AGAINST THE WORLD’S LARGEST PROBLEMS.



12925 charts across 115 topicsAll free: open access and open source


OUR MISSION

What do we need to know to make the world a better place?

To make progress against the pressing problems the world faces, we need to be
informed by the best research and data.

Our World in Data makes this knowledge accessible and understandable, to empower
those working to build a better world.

Read about our mission Subscribe to our newsletter

We are a non-profit — all our work is free to use and open source. Consider
supporting us if you find our work valuable.

Donate to support us
As seen on


FEATURED WORK

Article - 10 min read

How effective are policies in reducing the environmental impacts of agriculture?

All countries now have policies, but not all work as intended. Some drive
trade-offs or lead to spillover impacts elsewhere, but there are many examples
of successful stories.

Hannah Ritchie

new format

Browse our Data Insights

Bite-sized insights on how the world is changing, written by our team.

Our World in Data team

Announcement

We’re hiring a Writer

We are looking for a passionate and skilled writer to join our team.

Our World in Data team

new topic page

Climate Change

How are global temperatures changing, and what are the impacts on sea level
rise, sea ice, and ice sheets?

Hannah Ritchie, Pablo Rosado and Veronika Samborska

Announcement

We’ve improved how search works on Our World in Data

Our new search tools unlock thousands of indicators. Read more about what’s new.

Marcel Gerber, Marwa Boukarim, Lars Yencken, Joe Hasell and Matt Munday

See all our latest work
See all our latest work


LATEST DATA INSIGHTS

Bite-sized insights on how the world is changing.

See all Data Insights

April 25, 2024

Colombia’s homicide rate has more than halved since the 1990s

April 24, 2024

Nearly one in five cars sold in 2023 was electric

April 23, 2024

2023 was a population crossroad

April 22, 2024

Investments in waste management are key to ending plastic pollution


EXPLORE OUR DATA

Featured data from our collection of more than 12900 interactive charts.

See all our data
UNDER-FIVE MORTALITY RATELONG-RUN ESTIMATES COMBINING DATA FROM UN & GAPMINDER

Under-five mortality rate Long-run estimates combining data from un & gapminder

WHAT SHARE OF CHILDREN DIE BEFORE THEIR FIFTH BIRTHDAY?

What could be more tragic than the death of a young child? Child mortality, the
death of children under the age of five, is still extremely common in our world
today.

The historical data makes clear that it doesn’t have to be this way: it is
possible for societies to protect their children and reduce child mortality to
very low rates. For child mortality to reach low levels, many things have to go
right at the same time: good healthcare, good nutrition, clean water and
sanitation, maternal health, and high living standards. We can, therefore, think
of child mortality as a proxy indicator of a country’s living conditions.

The chart shows our long-run data on child mortality, which allows you to see
how child mortality has changed in countries around the world.

Explore and learn more about this data

Explore and learn more about this data
SHARE OF POPULATION LIVING IN EXTREME POVERTYWORLD BANK


Share of population living in extreme povertyWorld Bank

Share of population living in extreme poverty World bank

WHAT SHARE OF THE POPULATION IS LIVING IN EXTREME POVERTY?

The UN sets the “International Poverty Line” as a worldwide comparable
definition for extreme poverty. Living in extreme poverty is currently defined
as living on less than $2.15 per day. This indicator, published by the World
Bank, has successfully drawn attention to the terrible depths of poverty of the
poorest people in the world.

Two centuries ago, the majority of the world’s population was extremely poor.
Back then, it was widely believed that widespread poverty was inevitable. This
turned out to be wrong. Economic growth is possible and makes it possible for
entire societies to leave the deep poverty of the past behind. Whether or not
countries are leaving the worst poverty behind can be monitored by relying on
this indicator.

Explore and learn more about this data

Explore and learn more about this data
LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTHLONG-RUN ESTIMATES COLLATED FROM MULTIPLE SOURCES BY OUR
WORLD IN DATA


Life expectancy at birthLong-run estimates collated from multiple sources by Our
World in Data

Life expectancy at birth Long-run estimates collated from multiple sources by
our world in data

HOW HAS PEOPLE’S LIFE EXPECTANCY CHANGED OVER TIME?

Across the world, people are living longer. In 1900, the global average life
expectancy of a newborn was 32 years. By 2021, this had more than doubled to 71
years.

Big improvements were achieved by countries around the world. The chart shows
that life expectancy has more than doubled in every region of the world. This
improvement is not only due to declining child mortality; life expectancy
increased at all ages.

This visualization shows long-run estimates of life expectancy brought together
by our team from several different data sources. It also shows that the COVID-19
pandemic led to reduced life expectancy worldwide.

Explore and learn more about this data

Explore and learn more about this data
PER CAPITA CO₂ EMISSIONSLONG-RUN ESTIMATES FROM THE GLOBAL CARBON BUDGET


Per capita CO₂ emissionsLong-run estimates from the Global Carbon Budget

Per capita CO₂ emissions Long-run estimates from the global carbon budget

HOW HAVE CO₂ EMISSIONS PER CAPITA CHANGED?

The main source of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions is the burning of fossil
fuels. It is the primary greenhouse gas causing climate change.

Globally, CO2 emissions have remained at just below 5 tonnes per person for over
a decade. Between countries, however, there are large differences, and while
emissions are rapidly increasing in some countries, they are rapidly falling in
others.

The source for this CO2 data is the Global Carbon Budget, a dataset we update
yearly as soon as it is published. In addition to these production-based
emissions, they publish consumption-based emissions for the last three decades,
which can be viewed in our Greenhouse Gas Emissions Data Explorer.

Explore and learn more about this data

Explore and learn more about this data
GDP PER CAPITALONG-RUN ESTIMATES FROM THE MADDISON PROJECT DATABASE


GDP per capitaLong-run estimates from the Maddison Project Database

GDP per capita Long-run estimates from the maddison project database

HOW DO AVERAGE INCOMES COMPARE BETWEEN COUNTRIES AROUND THE WORLD?

GDP per capita is a very comprehensive measure of people’s average income. This
indicator reveals how large the inequality between people in different countries
is. In the poorest countries, people live on less than $1,000 per year, while in
rich countries, the average income is more than 50 times higher.

The data shown is sourced from the Maddison Project Database. Drawing together
the careful work of hundreds of economic historians, the particular value of
this data lies in the historical coverage it provides. This data makes clear
that the vast majority of people in all countries were poor in the past. It
allows us to understand when and how the economic growth that made it possible
to leave the deep poverty of the past behind was achieved.

Explore and learn more about this data

Explore and learn more about this data
SHARE OF PEOPLE THAT ARE UNDERNOURISHEDFAO


Share of people that are undernourishedFAO

Share of people that are undernourished Fao

WHAT SHARE OF THE POPULATION IS SUFFERING FROM HUNGER?

Hunger has been a severe problem for most of humanity throughout history.
Growing enough food to feed one’s family was a constant struggle in daily life.
Food shortages, malnutrition, and famines were common around the world.

The UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization publishes global data on
undernourishment, defined as not consuming enough calories to maintain a normal,
active, healthy life. These minimum requirements vary by a person’s sex, weight,
height, and activity levels. This is considered in these national and global
estimates.

The world has made much progress in reducing global hunger in recent decades.
But we are still far away from an end to hunger, as this indicator shows.
Tragically, nearly one in ten people still do not get enough food to eat and in
recent years — especially during the pandemic — hunger levels have increased.

Explore and learn more about this data

Explore and learn more about this data
LITERACY RATELONG-RUN ESTIMATES COLLATED FROM MULTIPLE SOURCES BY OUR WORLD IN
DATA


Literacy rateLong-run estimates collated from multiple sources by Our World in
Data

Literacy rate Long-run estimates collated from multiple sources by our world in
data

WHEN HAS LITERACY BECOME A WIDESPREAD SKILL?

Literacy is a foundational skill. Children need to learn to read so that they
can read to learn. When we fail to teach this foundational skill, people have
fewer opportunities to lead the rich and interesting lives that a good education
offers.

The historical data shows that only a very small share of the population, a tiny
elite, was able to read and write. Over the course of the last few generations,
literacy levels increased, but it remains an important challenge for our time to
provide this foundational skill to all.

At Our World in Data, we investigated the strengths and shortcomings of the
available data on literacy. Based on this work, our team brought together the
long-run data shown in the chart by combining several different sources,
including the World Bank, the CIA Factbook, and a range of research
publications.

Explore and learn more about this data

Explore and learn more about this data
SHARE OF THE POPULATION WITH ACCESS TO ELECTRICITYWORLD BANK


Share of the population with access to electricityWorld Bank

Share of the population with access to electricity World bank

WHERE DO PEOPLE LACK ACCESS TO EVEN THE MOST BASIC ELECTRICITY SUPPLY?

Light at night makes it possible to get together after sunset; mobile phones
allow us to stay in touch with those far away; the refrigeration of food reduces
food waste; and household appliances free up time from household chores. Access
to electricity improves people’s living conditions in many ways.

The World Bank data on the world map captures whether people have access to the
most basic electricity supply — just enough to provide basic lighting and charge
a phone or power a radio for 4 hours per day.

It shows that, especially in several African countries, a large share of the
population lacks the benefits that basic electricity offers. No radio and no
light at night.

Explore and learn more about this data

Explore and learn more about this data


DATA EXPLORERS

See all our Data Explorers

Interactive visualization tools to explore a wide range of related indicators.

Poverty

Data Explorer

Population & Demography

Data Explorer

Global Health

Data Explorer

Energy

Data Explorer


SUBSCRIBE TO OUR NEWSLETTER

Receive our latest work by email.
Immediate updates
Receive an email from us whenever we publish new work (maximum 1 per day).
Biweekly digest
Receive an overview of our recent work and highlights of our other work every
two weeks.
Subscribe
By subscribing you are agreeing to the terms of our privacy policy.


FOLLOW US

 * X
 * Facebook
 * Instagram
 * Threads
 * Research & Writing RSS Feed
 * Data Insights RSS Feed


ALL OUR TOPICS

All our data, research, and writing — topic by topic.


POPULATION AND DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE

 * Population Change:
 * Population Growth
 * Age Structure
 * Gender Ratio
 * Births and Deaths:
 * Life Expectancy
 * Child and Infant Mortality
 * Fertility Rate
 * Geography of the World Population:
 * Urbanization
 * Migration


HEALTH

 * Health Risks:
 * Lead Pollution
 * Alcohol Consumption
 * Opioids, Cocaine, Cannabis, and Other Illicit Drugs
 * Air Pollution
 * Outdoor Air Pollution
 * Indoor Air Pollution
 * Obesity
 * Smoking
 * Infectious Diseases:
 * Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19)
 * Pandemics
 * Mpox (monkeypox)
 * HIV / AIDS
 * Malaria
 * Diarrheal Diseases
 * Influenza
 * Tuberculosis
 * Polio
 * Pneumonia
 * Tetanus
 * Smallpox
 * Health Institutions and Interventions:
 * Vaccination
 * Healthcare Spending
 * Eradication of Diseases
 * Life and Death:
 * Life Expectancy
 * Causes of Death
 * Child and Infant Mortality
 * Mental Health
 * Suicides
 * Cardiovascular Diseases
 * Burden of Disease
 * Cancer
 * Maternal Mortality
 * Global Health


ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT

 * Energy Systems:
 * Access to Energy
 * Fossil Fuels
 * Renewable Energy
 * Energy
 * Nuclear Energy
 * Waste and Pollution:
 * Plastic Pollution
 * Oil Spills
 * Lead Pollution
 * Climate and Air:
 * CO₂ and Greenhouse Gas Emissions
 * Climate Change
 * Ozone Layer
 * Air Pollution
 * Outdoor Air Pollution
 * Indoor Air Pollution
 * Water:
 * Clean Water and Sanitation
 * Clean Water
 * Sanitation
 * Water Use and Stress
 * Environment and Ecosystems:
 * Natural Disasters
 * Biodiversity
 * Environmental Impacts of Food Production
 * Animal Welfare
 * Forests and Deforestation
 * Land Use


FOOD AND AGRICULTURE

 * Nutrition:
 * Hunger and Undernourishment
 * Food Supply
 * Food Prices
 * Diet Compositions
 * Obesity
 * Human Height
 * Micronutrient Deficiency
 * Famines
 * Food Production:
 * Agricultural Production
 * Environmental Impacts of Food Production
 * Animal Welfare
 * Crop Yields
 * Meat and Dairy Production
 * Farm Size and Productivity
 * Agricultural Inputs:
 * Fertilizers
 * Pesticides
 * Employment in Agriculture
 * Land Use


POVERTY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

 * Public Sector:
 * State Capacity
 * Taxation
 * Government Spending
 * Healthcare Spending
 * Education Spending
 * Military Personnel and Spending
 * Corruption
 * Poverty and Prosperity:
 * Poverty
 * Economic Inequality
 * Economic Growth
 * Economic Inequality by Gender
 * Labor:
 * Child Labor
 * Working Hours
 * Women’s Employment
 * Global Connections:
 * Tourism
 * Migration
 * Trade and Globalization


EDUCATION AND KNOWLEDGE

 * Education:
 * Global Education
 * Literacy
 * Education Spending
 * Knowledge:
 * Research and Development
 * Internet
 * Books


INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE

 * Artificial Intelligence
 * Space Exploration and Satellites
 * Internet
 * Research and Development
 * Technological Change
 * Transport


LIVING CONDITIONS, COMMUNITY, AND WELLBEING

 * Housing and Infrastructure:
 * Access to Energy
 * Light at Night
 * Clean Water and Sanitation
 * Clean Water
 * Sanitation
 * Indoor Air Pollution
 * Homelessness
 * Time Use:
 * Time Use
 * Working Hours
 * Relationships:
 * Marriages and Divorces
 * Loneliness and Social Connections
 * Trust
 * Happiness and Wellbeing:
 * Human Development Index (HDI)
 * Happiness and Life Satisfaction


HUMAN RIGHTS AND DEMOCRACY

 * Human Rights
 * Democracy
 * State Capacity
 * Women’s Rights
 * LGBT+ Rights
 * Economic Inequality by Gender
 * Violence Against Children and Children’s Rights
 * Child Labor


VIOLENCE AND WAR

 * War and Peace
 * Nuclear Weapons
 * Homicides
 * Terrorism
 * State Capacity
 * Military Personnel and Spending
 * Biological and Chemical Weapons
 * Violence Against Children and Children’s Rights

Our World in Data is free and accessible for everyone.

Help us do this work by making a donation.

Donate now
 * About
 * Contact
 * Feedback
 * Jobs
 * Funding
 * FAQs
 * Donate
 * Privacy policy

 * Latest work
 * All charts

 * Twitter
 * Facebook
 * Instagram
 * Threads
 * GitHub
 * Research & Writing RSS Feed
 * Data Insights RSS Feed



Licenses: All visualizations, data, and articles produced by Our World in Data
are open access under the Creative Commons BY license. You have permission to
use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and
authors are credited. All the software and code that we write is open source and
made available via GitHub under the permissive MIT license. All other material,
including data produced by third parties and made available by Our World in
Data, is subject to the license terms from the original third-party authors.

Please consult our full legal disclaimer.

Our World In Data is a project of the Global Change Data Lab, a registered
charity in England and Wales (Charity Number 1186433).

Subscribe
Leave us feedback

Have a question? You may find an answer in:
General FAQ or Vaccinations FAQ

Message
Your name
Email addressYour name and email will only be used to reply to you and not for
any other purpose. If you do not give a valid email, we will not be able to
reply to you.
Send message
Feedback


We use cookies to give you the best experience on our website.

By agreeing, you consent to our use of cookies and other analytics tools
according to our privacy policy.

No thanksI agree