realpython.com Open in urlscan Pro
2606:4700:10::6816:11ab Public Scan

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URL:
https://realpython.com/
Submission: On February 07 via manual (February 7th 2023, 5:08:03 pm UTC) from DO — Scanned from DE

Summary HTTP 49 Redirects Links 7 Behaviour Indicators

Summary

This website contacted 9 IPs in 4 countries across 7 domains to perform 49 HTTP transactions. The main IP is 2606:4700:10::6816:11ab, located in United States and belongs to CLOUDFLARENET, US. The main domain is realpython.com. The Cisco Umbrella rank of the primary domain is 97726.
TLS certificate: Issued by Cloudflare Inc ECC CA-3 on May 5th 2022. Valid for: a year.

This is the only time realpython.com was scanned on urlscan.io!

urlscan.io Verdict: No classification

Domain & IP information

	IP Address	AS Autonomous System
12	2606:4700:10:... 2606:4700:10::6816:11ab	13335 (CLOUDFLAR...) (CLOUDFLARENET)
1	2a00:1450:400... 2a00:1450:400d:806::2008	15169 (GOOGLE) (GOOGLE)
22	2606:4700:20:... 2606:4700:20::681a:faf	13335 (CLOUDFLAR...) (CLOUDFLARENET)
2	2a00:1450:400... 2a00:1450:4001:829::200e	15169 (GOOGLE) (GOOGLE)
8	2606:4700:10:... 2606:4700:10::ac43:2b37	13335 (CLOUDFLAR...) (CLOUDFLARENET)
1	2a00:1450:402... 2a00:1450:4025:401::9d	15169 (GOOGLE) (GOOGLE)
1	2a00:1450:400... 2a00:1450:400d:80d::2004	15169 (GOOGLE) (GOOGLE)
1	2a00:1450:400... 2a00:1450:400d:808::2003	15169 (GOOGLE) (GOOGLE)
1	2001:4860:480... 2001:4860:4802:32::36	15169 (GOOGLE) (GOOGLE)
49	9

12 2606:4700:10::6816:11ab (United States)

ASN13335 (CLOUDFLARENET, US)

realpython.com	Domain lookup VirusTotal SecurityTrails crt.sh Censys Domaintools
cdn.realpython.com	Domain lookup VirusTotal SecurityTrails crt.sh Censys Domaintools

1 2a00:1450:400d:806::2008 (Ireland)

ASN15169 (GOOGLE, US)

www.googletagmanager.com	Domain lookup VirusTotal SecurityTrails crt.sh Censys Domaintools

22 2606:4700:20::681a:faf (United States)

ASN13335 (CLOUDFLARENET, US)

robocrop.realpython.net	Domain lookup VirusTotal SecurityTrails crt.sh Censys Domaintools
srv.realpython.net	Domain lookup VirusTotal SecurityTrails crt.sh Censys Domaintools
img.realpython.net	Domain lookup VirusTotal SecurityTrails crt.sh Censys Domaintools

2 2a00:1450:4001:829::200e (Frankfurt am Main, Germany)

ASN15169 (GOOGLE, US)

www.google-analytics.com	Domain lookup VirusTotal SecurityTrails crt.sh Censys Domaintools

8 2606:4700:10::ac43:2b37 (United States)

ASN13335 (CLOUDFLARENET, US)

cdn.realpython.com	Domain lookup VirusTotal SecurityTrails crt.sh Censys Domaintools
realpython.com	Domain lookup VirusTotal SecurityTrails crt.sh Censys Domaintools

1 2a00:1450:4025:401::9d (Den Helder, Netherlands)

ASN15169 (GOOGLE, US)

stats.g.doubleclick.net	Domain lookup VirusTotal SecurityTrails crt.sh Censys Domaintools

1 2a00:1450:400d:80d::2004 (Ireland)

ASN15169 (GOOGLE, US)

www.google.com	Domain lookup VirusTotal SecurityTrails crt.sh Censys Domaintools

1 2a00:1450:400d:808::2003 (Ireland)

ASN15169 (GOOGLE, US)

www.google.de	Domain lookup VirusTotal SecurityTrails crt.sh Censys Domaintools

1 2001:4860:4802:32::36 (United States)

ASN15169 (GOOGLE, US)

region1.google-analytics.com	Domain lookup VirusTotal SecurityTrails crt.sh Censys Domaintools

	Apex Domain Subdomains	Transfer
22	realpython.net robocrop.realpython.net — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 216172 srv.realpython.net — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 154793 img.realpython.net — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 163457	487 KB
20	realpython.com realpython.com — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 97726 cdn.realpython.com — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 122090	321 KB
3	google-analytics.com www.google-analytics.com — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 21 region1.google-analytics.com — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 2456	20 KB
1	google.de www.google.de — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 5986	408 B
1	google.com www.google.com — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 2	408 B
1	doubleclick.net stats.g.doubleclick.net — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 78	348 B
1	googletagmanager.com www.googletagmanager.com — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 40	80 KB
49	7

	Domain	Requested by
18	robocrop.realpython.net	realpython.com
16	cdn.realpython.com	realpython.com cdn.realpython.com
4	realpython.com	realpython.com
2	img.realpython.net	realpython.com
2	www.google-analytics.com	realpython.com www.google-analytics.com
2	srv.realpython.net	realpython.com srv.realpython.net
1	region1.google-analytics.com	www.googletagmanager.com
1	www.google.de	realpython.com
1	www.google.com	realpython.com
1	stats.g.doubleclick.net	www.google-analytics.com
1	www.googletagmanager.com	realpython.com
49	11

This site contains links to these domains. Also see Links.

Domain
www.pythonjobshq.com
srv.realpython.net
www.youtube.com
twitter.com
facebook.com
www.instagram.com

Subject Issuer	Validity	Valid
realpython.com Cloudflare Inc ECC CA-3	`2022-05-05` - `2023-05-05`	a year	crt.sh
*.google-analytics.com GTS CA 1C3	`2023-01-09` - `2023-04-03`	3 months	crt.sh
sni.cloudflaressl.com Cloudflare Inc ECC CA-3	`2022-05-15` - `2023-05-15`	a year	crt.sh
*.g.doubleclick.net GTS CA 1C3	`2023-01-09` - `2023-04-03`	3 months	crt.sh
www.google.com GTS CA 1C3	`2023-01-09` - `2023-04-03`	3 months	crt.sh
www.google.de GTS CA 1C3	`2023-01-09` - `2023-04-03`	3 months	crt.sh

This page contains 2 frames:

Primary Page: https://realpython.com/
Frame ID: A06AF46303B7CC2B8F27C1E9BE5D6FAD
Requests: 46 HTTP requests in this frame

Frame: https://realpython.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/scripts/alpha/invisible.js?ts=1675785600
Frame ID: CDD3D53340B33BFB53FA2EAAA1882316
Requests: 3 HTTP requests in this frame

Screenshot
Live screenshot

Full Image

Page Title

Python Tutorials – Real Python

Detected technologies

Bootstrap (Web Frameworks) Expand

Overall confidence: 100%
Detected patterns

bootstrap(?:[^>]*?([0-9a-fA-F]{7,40}|[\d]+(?:.[\d]+(?:.[\d]+)?)?)|)[^>]*?(?:\.min)?\.js

Django (Web Frameworks) Expand

Overall confidence: 100%
Detected patterns

(?:powered by <a[^>]+>Django ?([\d.]+)?<\/a>|<input[^>]*name=["']csrfmiddlewaretoken["'][^>]*>)

Font Awesome (Font Scripts) Expand

Overall confidence: 100%
Detected patterns

(?:F|f)o(?:n|r)t-?(?:A|a)wesome(?:.*?([0-9a-fA-F]{7,40}|[\d]+(?:.[\d]+(?:.[\d]+)?)?)|)

Google Analytics (Analytics) Expand

Overall confidence: 100%
Detected patterns

google-analytics\.com/(?:ga|urchin|analytics)\.js

Google Tag Manager (Tag Managers) Expand

Overall confidence: 100%
Detected patterns

googletagmanager\.com/gtag/js

Lightbox (JavaScript Libraries) Expand

jQuery (JavaScript Libraries) Expand

Overall confidence: 100%
Detected patterns

jquery.*\.js(?:\?ver(?:sion)?=([\d.]+))?

Page Statistics

49
Requests

100 %
HTTPS

100 %
IPv6

7
Domains

11
Subdomains

9
IPs

4
Countries

910 kB
Transfer

1555 kB
Size

6
Cookies

7 Outgoing links

These are links going to different origins than the main page.

URL: https://www.pythonjobshq.com/
Title: Python Job Board

Search URL Search Domain Scan URL

URL: https://srv.realpython.net/click/30024566830/?c=67692636049&p=58946116052&r=53386

Search URL Search Domain Scan URL

URL: https://srv.realpython.net/click/6329231077/?c=67692636049&p=58946116052&r=25253

Search URL Search Domain Scan URL

URL: https://www.youtube.com/realpython
Title: YouTube

Search URL Search Domain Scan URL

URL: https://twitter.com/realpython
Title: Twitter

Search URL Search Domain Scan URL

URL: https://facebook.com/LearnRealPython
Title: Facebook

Search URL Search Domain Scan URL

URL: https://www.instagram.com/realpython/
Title: Instagram

Search URL Search Domain Scan URL

Redirected requests

There were HTTP redirect chains for the following requests:

49 HTTP transactions
0 data transactions

Method
Protocol Status Resource
Path Size
x-fer Time
Latency Type
MIME-Type IP
Location

GET
H2 200 Primary Request / Show response
realpython.com/ 62 KB
11 KB 367ms
324ms Document
text/html 2606:4700:10::6816:11ab
CLOUDFLARENET

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to

Full URL

https://realpython.com/

Protocol

Security

TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM

Server

2606:4700:10::6816:11ab , United States, ASN13335 (CLOUDFLARENET, US),

Reverse DNS

Software

cloudflare /

Resource Hash

039c4452da61834f8d3409b160b6fc89c37da876ed9aa8b8894f4d5be41d5613

Security Headers

Name	Value
Strict-Transport-Security	max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload
X-Content-Type-Options	nosniff
X-Frame-Options	DENY

Request headers

Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/109.0.5414.119 Safari/537.36
accept-language: de-DE,de;q=0.9

Response headers

alt-svc: h3=":443"; ma=86400, h3-29=":443"; ma=86400
cf-cache-status: DYNAMIC
cf-ray: 795db98ea8e9914c-FRA
content-encoding: br
content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8
cross-origin-opener-policy: same-origin
date: Tue, 07 Feb 2023 17:07:58 GMT
referrer-policy: strict-origin-when-cross-origin,origin
server: cloudflare
strict-transport-security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload
vary: Cookie, Accept-Encoding
via: 1.1 vegur
x-content-type-options: nosniff
x-frame-options: DENY

GET
H2 200 realpython.min.8a347b972cab.css
cdn.realpython.com/static/ 231 KB
40 KB 45ms
30ms Stylesheet
text/css 2606:4700:10::6816:11ab
CLOUDFLARENET

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to

Full URL

https://cdn.realpython.com/static/realpython.min.8a347b972cab.css

Requested by

Host: realpython.com
URL: https://realpython.com/

Protocol

Security

TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM

Server

2606:4700:10::6816:11ab , United States, ASN13335 (CLOUDFLARENET, US),

Reverse DNS

Software

cloudflare /

Resource Hash

8365a4a728e66abf1210ebf2031eb77417efe136c56e5128003ef2e62479d7a2

Security Headers

Name	Value
Strict-Transport-Security	max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload
X-Content-Type-Options	nosniff

Request headers

accept-language: de-DE,de;q=0.9
Referer: https://realpython.com/
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/109.0.5414.119 Safari/537.36

Response headers

date: Tue, 07 Feb 2023 17:07:58 GMT
strict-transport-security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload
x-content-type-options: nosniff
cf-cache-status: HIT
via: 1.1 vegur
age: 490318
content-encoding: br
alt-svc: h3=":443"; ma=86400, h3-29=":443"; ma=86400
referrer-policy: strict-origin-when-cross-origin,origin
cf-bgj: minify
last-modified: Thu, 02 Feb 2023 00:48:10 GMT
cross-origin-opener-policy: same-origin
server: cloudflare
etag: W/"63db084a-39bae"
vary: Accept-Encoding
content-type: text/css; charset="utf-8"
access-control-allow-origin: *
cache-control: max-age=315360000, public, immutable
cf-ray: 795db990eca2914c-FRA

GET
H2 200 font.5ac42994de49.css
cdn.realpython.com/static/gfonts/ 864 B
469 B 42ms
27ms Stylesheet
text/css 2606:4700:10::6816:11ab
CLOUDFLARENET

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to

Full URL

https://cdn.realpython.com/static/gfonts/font.5ac42994de49.css

Requested by

Host: realpython.com
URL: https://realpython.com/

Protocol

Security

TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM

Server

2606:4700:10::6816:11ab , United States, ASN13335 (CLOUDFLARENET, US),

Reverse DNS

Software

cloudflare /

Resource Hash

191c85479ef0b1329b52142f19b959561f94b441dd5be7f308a794343f265b8a

Security Headers

Name	Value
Strict-Transport-Security	max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload
X-Content-Type-Options	nosniff
X-Xss-Protection	1; mode=block

Request headers

accept-language: de-DE,de;q=0.9
Referer: https://realpython.com/
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/109.0.5414.119 Safari/537.36

Response headers

date: Tue, 07 Feb 2023 17:07:58 GMT
strict-transport-security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload
x-content-type-options: nosniff
cf-cache-status: HIT
via: 1.1 vegur
age: 24882756
cf-polished: origSize=1838
content-encoding: br
alt-svc: h3=":443"; ma=86400, h3-29=":443"; ma=86400
x-xss-protection: 1; mode=block
referrer-policy: strict-origin-when-cross-origin,origin
cf-bgj: minify
last-modified: Mon, 25 Apr 2022 17:05:11 GMT
server: cloudflare
etag: W/"6266d4c7-72e"
vary: Accept-Encoding
content-type: text/css; charset="utf-8"
access-control-allow-origin: *
cache-control: max-age=315360000, public, immutable
cf-ray: 795db990eca1914c-FRA

GET
H2 200 glightbox.min.9b438b29cef1.css
cdn.realpython.com/static/ 13 KB
3 KB 49ms
34ms Stylesheet
text/css 2606:4700:10::6816:11ab
CLOUDFLARENET

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to

Full URL

https://cdn.realpython.com/static/glightbox.min.9b438b29cef1.css

Requested by

Host: realpython.com
URL: https://realpython.com/

Protocol

Security

TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM

Server

2606:4700:10::6816:11ab , United States, ASN13335 (CLOUDFLARENET, US),

Reverse DNS

Software

cloudflare /

Resource Hash

04a409d492fa1a3574acb225db54736256b62143f48a826b65cb850bab3efa91

Security Headers

Name	Value
Strict-Transport-Security	max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload
X-Content-Type-Options	nosniff
X-Xss-Protection	1; mode=block

Request headers

accept-language: de-DE,de;q=0.9
Referer: https://realpython.com/
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/109.0.5414.119 Safari/537.36

Response headers

date: Tue, 07 Feb 2023 17:07:58 GMT
strict-transport-security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload
x-content-type-options: nosniff
cf-cache-status: HIT
via: 1.1 vegur
age: 12771227
cf-polished: origSize=13749
content-encoding: br
alt-svc: h3=":443"; ma=86400, h3-29=":443"; ma=86400
x-xss-protection: 1; mode=block
referrer-policy: strict-origin-when-cross-origin,origin
cf-bgj: minify
last-modified: Mon, 12 Sep 2022 21:29:12 GMT
server: cloudflare
etag: W/"631fa4a8-35b5"
vary: Accept-Encoding
content-type: text/css; charset="utf-8"
access-control-allow-origin: *
cache-control: max-age=315360000, public, immutable
cf-ray: 795db990ec9f914c-FRA

GET
H2 200 js Show response
www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/ 234 KB
80 KB 359ms
43ms Script
application/javascript 2a00:1450:400d:806::2008
GOOGLE

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to

Full URL

https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-L7L6L5F6Y6

Requested by

Host: realpython.com
URL: https://realpython.com/

Protocol

Security

TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM

Server

2a00:1450:400d:806::2008 , Ireland, ASN15169 (GOOGLE, US),

Reverse DNS

Software

Google Tag Manager /

Resource Hash

4c0b652bcc3b678843b23af2d25443296359aa529906a22dcc8adbd7da4e9227

Security Headers

Name	Value
Strict-Transport-Security	max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains
X-Xss-Protection	0

Request headers

accept-language: de-DE,de;q=0.9
Referer: https://realpython.com/
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/109.0.5414.119 Safari/537.36

Response headers

date: Tue, 07 Feb 2023 17:07:58 GMT
content-encoding: br
strict-transport-security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains
server: Google Tag Manager
vary: Accept-Encoding
content-type: application/javascript; charset=UTF-8
access-control-allow-origin: *
cache-control: private, max-age=900
access-control-allow-credentials: true
cross-origin-resource-policy: cross-origin
access-control-allow-headers: Cache-Control
content-length: 81643
x-xss-protection: 0
alt-svc: h3=":443"; ma=2592000,h3-29=":443"; ma=2592000
expires: Tue, 07 Feb 2023 17:07:58 GMT

GET
H2 200 real-python-logo.893c30edea53.svg
cdn.realpython.com/static/ 9 KB
4 KB 97ms
95ms Image
image/svg+xml 2606:4700:10::6816:11ab
CLOUDFLARENET

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to Show image

Full URL

https://cdn.realpython.com/static/real-python-logo.893c30edea53.svg

Requested by

Host: realpython.com
URL: https://realpython.com/

Protocol

Security

TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM

Server

2606:4700:10::6816:11ab , United States, ASN13335 (CLOUDFLARENET, US),

Reverse DNS

Software

cloudflare /

Resource Hash

d05a3837bd4aaac19b6f097df5127954e2822ce9c886c5175865e9a4eb327c8e

Security Headers

Name	Value
Strict-Transport-Security	max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload
X-Content-Type-Options	nosniff
X-Xss-Protection	1; mode=block

Request headers

accept-language: de-DE,de;q=0.9
Referer: https://realpython.com/
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/109.0.5414.119 Safari/537.36

Response headers

date: Tue, 07 Feb 2023 17:07:58 GMT
strict-transport-security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload
x-content-type-options: nosniff
cf-cache-status: HIT
via: 1.1 vegur
age: 29724022
content-encoding: br
alt-svc: h3=":443"; ma=86400, h3-29=":443"; ma=86400
x-xss-protection: 1; mode=block
referrer-policy: strict-origin-when-cross-origin,origin
last-modified: Fri, 18 Feb 2022 19:03:05 GMT
server: cloudflare
etag: W/"620fed69-2439"
vary: Accept-Encoding
content-type: image/svg+xml
access-control-allow-origin: *
cache-control: max-age=315360000, public, immutable
cf-ray: 795db991adf4914c-FRA

GET
H2 200 /
robocrop.realpython.net/ 53 KB
54 KB 56ms
18ms Image
image/webp 2606:4700:20::681a:faf
CLOUDFLARENET

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to Show image

Full URL: https://robocrop.realpython.net/?url=https%3A//files.realpython.com/media/Building-Systems-With-Classes_Watermarked.66dbacf45f75.jpg&w=960&sig=4723e5450ddf9ec4276ef4271efa487077404905
Requested by: Host: realpython.com
URL: https://realpython.com/
Protocol: H2
Security: TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM
Server: 2606:4700:20::681a:faf , United States, ASN13335 (CLOUDFLARENET, US),
Reverse DNS
Software: cloudflare /
Resource Hash: d8b7b61e8909bcf067390162805d68b6f6612904823e3253c5a6d883b8edcff7

Request headers

accept-language: de-DE,de;q=0.9
Referer: https://realpython.com/
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/109.0.5414.119 Safari/537.36

Response headers

date: Tue, 07 Feb 2023 17:07:58 GMT
via: 1.1 vegur
cf-cache-status: HIT
nel: {"success_fraction":0,"report_to":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
age: 10051
cf-polished: qual=85, origFmt=jpeg, origSize=85541
alt-svc: h3=":443"; ma=86400, h3-29=":443"; ma=86400
content-length: 54218
cf-bgj: imgq:85,h2pri
last-modified: Tue, 31 Jan 2023 21:36:54 GMT
server: cloudflare
etag: "d2b25f19d2092e1131c789541a73f927c1a828b0"
vary: Accept
report-to: {"endpoints":[{"url":"https:\/\/a.nel.cloudflare.com\/report\/v3?s=waQfs8AX%2BsggGunY8FOHN9fHOfkGBffR2dob9l4FGpFQTXoSVn2%2FHyyfI2Dh2bh3H7bf63BbuPU0kQOSaPZc68%2FfCVpzrmaFN1Cw6Gw5ay3R98wbIspJSSdfaOxiMMNjslzuUlMQDfHYtNrK%2BjSaNZHclMDD"}],"group":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
content-type: image/webp
cache-control: max-age=315360000, public, immutable
accept-ranges: bytes
cf-ray: 795db9916ae82bf7-FRA

GET
H2 200 jquery.min.00727d1d5d9c.js Show response
cdn.realpython.com/static/ 88 KB
31 KB 30ms
27ms Script
text/javascript 2606:4700:10::6816:11ab
CLOUDFLARENET

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to

Full URL

https://cdn.realpython.com/static/jquery.min.00727d1d5d9c.js

Requested by

Host: realpython.com
URL: https://realpython.com/

Protocol

Security

TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM

Server

2606:4700:10::6816:11ab , United States, ASN13335 (CLOUDFLARENET, US),

Reverse DNS

Software

cloudflare /

Resource Hash

a3cf00c109d907e543bc4f6dbc85eb31068f94515251347e9e57509b52ee3d74

Security Headers

Name	Value
Strict-Transport-Security	max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload
X-Content-Type-Options	nosniff
X-Xss-Protection	1; mode=block

Request headers

accept-language: de-DE,de;q=0.9
Referer: https://realpython.com/
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/109.0.5414.119 Safari/537.36

Response headers

date: Tue, 07 Feb 2023 17:07:58 GMT
strict-transport-security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload
x-content-type-options: nosniff
cf-cache-status: HIT
via: 1.1 vegur
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User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/109.0.5414.119 Safari/537.36

Response headers

date: Tue, 07 Feb 2023 17:07:58 GMT
content-encoding: br
server: cloudflare
vary: accept-encoding
content-type: application/javascript; charset=UTF-8
cache-control: max-age=14400, public
x-control-type-options: nosniff
cf-ray: 795db9926b823620-FRA
alt-svc: h3=":443"; ma=86400, h3-29=":443"; ma=86400

GET
H3 200 / Show response
srv.realpython.net/call/ 527 B
925 B 387ms
376ms XHR
application/json 2606:4700:20::681a:faf
CLOUDFLARENET

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to

Full URL

https://srv.realpython.net/call/?d=eyJwIjoiNTg5NDYxMTYwNTIiLCJzIjpbIjh4MSIsIjh4MSJdfQ==

Requested by

Host: srv.realpython.net
URL: https://srv.realpython.net/tag.js

Protocol

Security

QUIC, , AES_128_GCM

Server

2606:4700:20::681a:faf , United States, ASN13335 (CLOUDFLARENET, US),

Reverse DNS

Software

cloudflare /

Resource Hash

4d0c34c0b77f375c9d0a2ffad9cfffab77b888037d0982d86fef01aea3001f74

Security Headers

Name	Value
Strict-Transport-Security	max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload
X-Content-Type-Options	nosniff
X-Frame-Options	DENY

Request headers

accept-language: de-DE,de;q=0.9
Referer: https://realpython.com/
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/109.0.5414.119 Safari/537.36

Response headers

date: Tue, 07 Feb 2023 17:07:58 GMT
strict-transport-security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload
x-content-type-options: nosniff
cf-cache-status: DYNAMIC
via: 1.1 vegur
nel: {"success_fraction":0,"report_to":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
content-encoding: br
alt-svc: h3=":443"; ma=86400, h3-29=":443"; ma=86400
referrer-policy: same-origin
server: cloudflare
cross-origin-opener-policy: same-origin
access-control-max-age: 86400
access-control-allow-methods: GET, OPTIONS
content-type: application/json
access-control-allow-origin: *
report-to: {"endpoints":[{"url":"https:\/\/a.nel.cloudflare.com\/report\/v3?s=JdQOxVWO6WE1%2F%2FCFsNpKFA1QlpC1NQTptRJ5kLz2udtuQWQ9dw0%2B2qPGla8o9sUNdrgeVx46OVFKjwtKWeuYdNNRU10lo54kt8bZpbFxnSAAJwYU%2Bx2QFg7LiqexzGFGQV%2Bv3Bp9BbY0MvXqlStjzg%3D%3D"}],"group":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
cache-control: max-age=0, no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate, private
x-frame-options: DENY
cf-ray: 795db99288073600-FRA
access-control-allow-headers: X-Requested-With, Content-Type
vary: Accept-Encoding
expires: Tue, 07 Feb 2023 17:07:58 GMT

POST
H2 200 collect Show response
stats.g.doubleclick.net/j/ 4 B
348 B 118ms
72ms XHR
text/plain 2a00:1450:4025:401::9d
GOOGLE

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to

Full URL

https://stats.g.doubleclick.net/j/collect?t=dc&aip=1&_r=3&v=1&_v=j99&tid=UA-35184939-1&cid=535851657.1675789678&jid=843974343&gjid=275835185&_gid=1639940598.1675789678&_u=YEBAAEAAAAAAACAAI~&z=1260318162

Requested by

Host: www.google-analytics.com
URL: https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js

Protocol

Security

TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM

Server

2a00:1450:4025:401::9d Den Helder, Netherlands, ASN15169 (GOOGLE, US),

Reverse DNS

Software

Golfe2 /

Resource Hash

84e01419bd81f32ac6df0f75f49c604fda9172000a3ae432b3c47b2a6a712d80

Security Headers

Name	Value
Strict-Transport-Security	max-age=10886400; includeSubDomains; preload
X-Content-Type-Options	nosniff

Request headers

Referer: https://realpython.com/
accept-language: de-DE,de;q=0.9
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/109.0.5414.119 Safari/537.36
Content-Type: text/plain

Response headers

pragma: no-cache
strict-transport-security: max-age=10886400; includeSubDomains; preload
date: Tue, 07 Feb 2023 17:07:58 GMT
x-content-type-options: nosniff
last-modified: Sun, 17 May 1998 03:00:00 GMT
server: Golfe2
content-type: text/plain
access-control-allow-origin: https://realpython.com
cache-control: no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate
access-control-allow-credentials: true
cross-origin-resource-policy: cross-origin
alt-svc: h3=":443"; ma=2592000,h3-29=":443"; ma=2592000
content-length: 4
expires: Fri, 01 Jan 1990 00:00:00 GMT

GET
H3 200 pica.js
realpython.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/scripts/ Frame CDD3 20 KB
8 KB 30ms
29ms Other
application/javascript 2606:4700:10::ac43:2b37
CLOUDFLARENET

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to

Full URL: https://realpython.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/scripts/pica.js
Requested by: Host: realpython.com
URL: https://realpython.com/
Protocol: H3
Security: QUIC, , AES_128_GCM
Server: 2606:4700:10::ac43:2b37 , United States, ASN13335 (CLOUDFLARENET, US),
Reverse DNS
Software: cloudflare /
Resource Hash: efbaacc88696fe062ae4b0b9ad50ff7004c4d32e972a8499795b1e99f36b4521

Request headers

accept-language: de-DE,de;q=0.9
Referer
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/109.0.5414.119 Safari/537.36

Response headers

date: Tue, 07 Feb 2023 17:07:58 GMT
content-encoding: br
server: cloudflare
vary: accept-encoding
content-type: application/javascript; charset=UTF-8
cache-control: max-age=14400, public
x-control-type-options: nosniff
cf-ray: 795db992abc53620-FRA
alt-svc: h3=":443"; ma=86400, h3-29=":443"; ma=86400

GET
H2 200 ga-audiences
www.google.com/ads/ 42 B
408 B 125ms
56ms Image
image/gif 2a00:1450:400d:80d::2004
GOOGLE

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to Show image

Full URL

https://www.google.com/ads/ga-audiences?t=sr&aip=1&_r=4&slf_rd=1&v=1&_v=j99&tid=UA-35184939-1&cid=535851657.1675789678&jid=843974343&_u=YEBAAEAAAAAAACAAI~&z=1836540523

Requested by

Host: realpython.com
URL: https://realpython.com/

Protocol

Security

TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM

Server

2a00:1450:400d:80d::2004 , Ireland, ASN15169 (GOOGLE, US),

Reverse DNS

Software

cafe /

Resource Hash

ef1955ae757c8b966c83248350331bd3a30f658ced11f387f8ebf05ab3368629

Security Headers

Name	Value
X-Content-Type-Options	nosniff
X-Xss-Protection	0

Request headers

accept-language: de-DE,de;q=0.9
Referer: https://realpython.com/
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/109.0.5414.119 Safari/537.36

Response headers

pragma: no-cache
date: Tue, 07 Feb 2023 17:07:58 GMT
x-content-type-options: nosniff
server: cafe
content-type: image/gif
p3p: policyref="https://www.googleadservices.com/pagead/p3p.xml", CP="NOI DEV PSA PSD IVA IVD OTP OUR OTR IND OTC"
cache-control: no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate
cross-origin-resource-policy: cross-origin
timing-allow-origin: *
alt-svc: h3=":443"; ma=2592000,h3-29=":443"; ma=2592000
content-length: 42
x-xss-protection: 0
expires: Fri, 01 Jan 1990 00:00:00 GMT

GET
H2 200 ga-audiences
www.google.de/ads/ 42 B
408 B 367ms
55ms Image
image/gif 2a00:1450:400d:808::2003
GOOGLE

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to Show image

Full URL

https://www.google.de/ads/ga-audiences?t=sr&aip=1&_r=4&slf_rd=1&v=1&_v=j99&tid=UA-35184939-1&cid=535851657.1675789678&jid=843974343&_u=YEBAAEAAAAAAACAAI~&z=1836540523

Requested by

Host: realpython.com
URL: https://realpython.com/

Protocol

Security

TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM

Server

2a00:1450:400d:808::2003 , Ireland, ASN15169 (GOOGLE, US),

Reverse DNS

Software

cafe /

Resource Hash

ef1955ae757c8b966c83248350331bd3a30f658ced11f387f8ebf05ab3368629

Security Headers

Name	Value
X-Content-Type-Options	nosniff
X-Xss-Protection	0

Request headers

accept-language: de-DE,de;q=0.9
Referer: https://realpython.com/
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/109.0.5414.119 Safari/537.36

Response headers

pragma: no-cache
date: Tue, 07 Feb 2023 17:07:58 GMT
x-content-type-options: nosniff
server: cafe
content-type: image/gif
p3p: policyref="https://www.googleadservices.com/pagead/p3p.xml", CP="NOI DEV PSA PSD IVA IVD OTP OUR OTR IND OTC"
cache-control: no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate
cross-origin-resource-policy: cross-origin
timing-allow-origin: *
alt-svc: h3=":443"; ma=2592000,h3-29=":443"; ma=2592000
content-length: 42
x-xss-protection: 0
expires: Fri, 01 Jan 1990 00:00:00 GMT

POST
H3 200 795db98ea8e9914c Show response
realpython.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/cv/result/ Frame CDD3 2 B
386 B 70ms
70ms XHR
text/plain 2606:4700:10::ac43:2b37
CLOUDFLARENET

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to

Full URL: https://realpython.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/cv/result/795db98ea8e9914c
Requested by: Host: realpython.com
URL: https://realpython.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/scripts/alpha/invisible.js?ts=1675785600
Protocol: H3
Security: QUIC, , AES_128_GCM
Server: 2606:4700:10::ac43:2b37 , United States, ASN13335 (CLOUDFLARENET, US),
Reverse DNS
Software: cloudflare /
Resource Hash: 2689367b205c16ce32ed4200942b8b8b1e262dfc70d9bc9fbc77c49699a4f1df

Request headers

Referer
accept-language: de-DE,de;q=0.9
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/109.0.5414.119 Safari/537.36
Content-Type: application/json

Response headers

date: Tue, 07 Feb 2023 17:07:58 GMT
content-encoding: br
server: cloudflare
cf-ray: 795db9942d273620-FRA
alt-svc: h3=":443"; ma=86400, h3-29=":443"; ma=86400
content-type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8

POST
H2 204 collect
region1.google-analytics.com/g/ 0
244 B 38ms
15ms Ping
text/plain 2001:4860:4802:32::36
GOOGLE

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to

Full URL: https://region1.google-analytics.com/g/collect?v=2&tid=G-L7L6L5F6Y6&gtm=45je3210&_p=989364105&cid=535851657.1675789678&ul=en-us&sr=1600x1200&uaW=1&uaa=&uab=&uafvl=&uamb=0&uam=&uap=&uapv=&uaw=0&_s=1&sid=1675789678&sct=1&seg=0&dl=https%3A%2F%2Frealpython.com%2F&dt=Python%20Tutorials%20%E2%80%93%20Real%20Python&en=page_view&_fv=1&_ss=1&_ee=1
Requested by: Host: www.googletagmanager.com
URL: https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-L7L6L5F6Y6
Protocol: H2
Security: TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM
Server: 2001:4860:4802:32::36 , United States, ASN15169 (GOOGLE, US),
Reverse DNS
Software: Golfe2 /
Resource Hash: e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855

Request headers

accept-language: de-DE,de;q=0.9
Referer: https://realpython.com/
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/109.0.5414.119 Safari/537.36

Response headers

pragma: no-cache
date: Tue, 07 Feb 2023 17:07:58 GMT
server: Golfe2
content-type: text/plain
access-control-allow-origin: https://realpython.com
cache-control: no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate
access-control-allow-credentials: true
cross-origin-resource-policy: cross-origin
alt-svc: h3=":443"; ma=2592000,h3-29=":443"; ma=2592000
content-length: 0
expires: Fri, 01 Jan 1990 00:00:00 GMT

GET
H2 200 ad2a5ca1094274284ec09ebe8b23316c
img.realpython.net/ 25 KB
25 KB 36ms
22ms Image
image/webp 2606:4700:20::681a:faf
CLOUDFLARENET

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to Show image

Full URL: https://img.realpython.net/ad2a5ca1094274284ec09ebe8b23316c
Requested by: Host: realpython.com
URL: https://realpython.com/
Protocol: H2
Security: TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM
Server: 2606:4700:20::681a:faf , United States, ASN13335 (CLOUDFLARENET, US),
Reverse DNS
Software: cloudflare /
Resource Hash: 157cba38eb394a5519caf5c9f7a131e30251db03ee03d8e6d4c625f4d9f00cf2

Request headers

accept-language: de-DE,de;q=0.9
Referer: https://realpython.com/
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/109.0.5414.119 Safari/537.36

Response headers

date: Tue, 07 Feb 2023 17:07:58 GMT
cf-cache-status: HIT
nel: {"success_fraction":0,"report_to":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
x-amz-request-id: S52Q8ZKF91MRGJB4
age: 2971545
cf-polished: qual=85, origFmt=jpeg, origSize=197520
alt-svc: h3=":443"; ma=86400, h3-29=":443"; ma=86400
content-length: 25238
x-amz-id-2: fATezYHOFL7H7DPcEEZpQpZHJT81tLs3jey6dth06Se+yFULN6uyhfI96GdiuZwikDa6kjf+6n4=
cf-bgj: imgq:85,h2pri
last-modified: Thu, 25 Mar 2021 23:43:57 GMT
server: cloudflare
etag: "ad2a5ca1094274284ec09ebe8b23316c"
vary: Accept
report-to: {"endpoints":[{"url":"https:\/\/a.nel.cloudflare.com\/report\/v3?s=X2JQ2zT1rWamuhOTa4V5AvqAEzhzEs0P22nr3lbTnhLNVYAYdP9noOJW1PctmSRi0m9SRjxt%2FMJK9GcWYGwwbA8%2Bl2WcJMjAwAUqPTLI04Lpdr0jx0S9BlhorMKGUvqjjAbU9f4q%2FqmLvSIljNczqw%3D%3D"}],"group":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
content-type: image/webp
cache-control: max-age=315360000, public, immutable
accept-ranges: bytes
cf-ray: 795db994f89f2bf7-FRA

GET
H2 200 a06935292d9e664600113998d124efa2
img.realpython.net/ 22 KB
22 KB 33ms
19ms Image
image/webp 2606:4700:20::681a:faf
CLOUDFLARENET

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to Show image

Full URL: https://img.realpython.net/a06935292d9e664600113998d124efa2
Requested by: Host: realpython.com
URL: https://realpython.com/
Protocol: H2
Security: TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM
Server: 2606:4700:20::681a:faf , United States, ASN13335 (CLOUDFLARENET, US),
Reverse DNS
Software: cloudflare /
Resource Hash: c3b9b54c089ea9e73612ddcc66dcaac110b46d268b0558f7bbbad41090a81d09

Request headers

accept-language: de-DE,de;q=0.9
Referer: https://realpython.com/
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/109.0.5414.119 Safari/537.36

Response headers

date: Tue, 07 Feb 2023 17:07:58 GMT
cf-cache-status: HIT
nel: {"success_fraction":0,"report_to":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
x-amz-request-id: V4FKZN3KD0Y6QGWS
age: 1633923
cf-polished: qual=85, origFmt=jpeg, origSize=178566
alt-svc: h3=":443"; ma=86400, h3-29=":443"; ma=86400
content-length: 22474
x-amz-id-2: dwEk3YSuKgZy/4yQ7G+L2xOE7C2+Xhxqh+0cPmCvW2uJ0njcWJdEUhawP5b06FcHAijQ+en0K6M=
cf-bgj: imgq:85,h2pri
last-modified: Thu, 25 Mar 2021 23:44:09 GMT
server: cloudflare
etag: "a06935292d9e664600113998d124efa2"
vary: Accept
report-to: {"endpoints":[{"url":"https:\/\/a.nel.cloudflare.com\/report\/v3?s=skoBfWyl3qCxTqolELDFxEVsKAN%2FUvG9%2BPhtWZ8Qp1JRkiDOXpK1eSp%2BpQdp8xWH3GyiEdGXRrcOyVqN%2FbSb56wol61zbmKrVkrtS%2Bg5VTcRlwocRym1mPdcjwBgIdnIWN6QomTI9PgBlx6Ft%2BN%2B9g%3D%3D"}],"group":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
content-type: image/webp
cache-control: max-age=315360000, public, immutable
accept-ranges: bytes
cf-ray: 795db994f8a12bf7-FRA

Verdicts & Comments Add Verdict or Comment

19 JavaScript Global Variables

These are the non-standard "global" variables defined on the window object. These can be helpful in identifying possible client-side frameworks and code.

6 Cookies

Cookies are little pieces of information stored in the browser of a user. Whenever a user visits the site again, he will also send his cookie values, thus allowing the website to re-identify him even if he changed locations. This is how permanent logins work.

Domain/Path	Expires	Name / Value
realpython.com/	1970-01-20 18:13:59	Name: csrftoken Value: hScJooUNAIsF5SDF1QPf0UEXkRJ0RuTE
.realpython.com/	1970-01-20 09:31:16	Name: _gid Value: GA1.2.1639940598.1675789678
.realpython.com/	1970-01-20 09:29:49	Name: _gat Value: 1
.realpython.com/	1970-01-20 19:05:49	Name: _ga_L7L6L5F6Y6 Value: GS1.1.1675789678.1.0.1675789678.0.0.0
.realpython.com/	1970-01-20 19:05:49	Name: _ga Value: GA1.1.535851657.1675789678
.realpython.com/	1970-01-20 09:29:51	Name: __cf_bm Value: Za.PlprkBi.s2mGS3Dk8jXYG9z.m8yFxjUEYzE.9rA8-1675789678-0-AWa/a4uT6JXVBCqS4arp8uUdWO2x081sPONKeacVFuvg22WEaYCoBw07t9vmcLuuOkHCeWKbbDDXkoB/pQ34NFjeCcHgQ89Ax4sloU/33p/CKQImBM5bTR6CMD9zxuQy87Ek+hos197NrgSWy4YICbc=

Security Headers

This page lists any security headers set by the main page. If you want to understand what these mean and how to use them, head on over to this page

Header	Value
Strict-Transport-Security	max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload
X-Content-Type-Options	nosniff
X-Frame-Options	DENY

Indicators

This is a term in the security industry to describe indicators such as IPs, Domains, Hashes, etc. This does not imply that any of these indicate malicious activity.

cdn.realpython.com
img.realpython.net
realpython.com
region1.google-analytics.com
robocrop.realpython.net
srv.realpython.net
stats.g.doubleclick.net
www.google-analytics.com
www.google.com
www.google.de
www.googletagmanager.com
2001:4860:4802:32::36
2606:4700:10::6816:11ab
2606:4700:10::ac43:2b37
2606:4700:20::681a:faf
2a00:1450:4001:829::200e
2a00:1450:400d:806::2008
2a00:1450:400d:808::2003
2a00:1450:400d:80d::2004
2a00:1450:4025:401::9d
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04a409d492fa1a3574acb225db54736256b62143f48a826b65cb850bab3efa91
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realpython.com Open in urlscan Pro 2606:4700:10::6816:11ab Public Scan

Summary

urlscan.io Verdict: No classification

Domain & IP information

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Page Statistics

49 Requests

100 %HTTPS

100 %IPv6

7 Domains

11 Subdomains

9 IPs

4 Countries

910 kBTransfer

1555 kBSize

6 Cookies

7 Outgoing links

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49 HTTP transactions Everything HTML Script AJAX CSS Image Expand all 0 data transactions

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realpython.com Open in urlscan Pro
2606:4700:10::6816:11ab Public Scan

Screenshot
Live screenshot

Full Image

49
Requests

100 %
HTTPS

100 %
IPv6

7
Domains

11
Subdomains

9
IPs

4
Countries

910 kB
Transfer

1555 kB
Size

6
Cookies

49 HTTP transactions
0 data transactions