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Recent Articles
* Case Report
Timely Surgical Intervention for Absent Pulmonary Valve Syndrome with an
Intact Ventricular Septum in a Patient with a Long-Term Survival: A Case
Report
Yunyi Zhang, Shuhua Luo*, Enping Wang
International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine, Volume 12, Issue
1, June 2024
Pages: 15-19
DOI: 10.11648/j.ijacm.20241201.14
Published: Feb. 29, 2024
Abstract: Absent pulmonary valve syndrome with an intact ventricular septum
(APVS with IVS) is a rare congenital heart defect that is associated with a
high perinatal mortality. Most fetuses can hard to survive without inotropic
support or heart transplantation due to the severe respiratory dysfunction,
heart failure and serious infections resulting from tracheobronchial
compression and right ventricular dilation. Almost one-third of the patients
opted for a termination of pregnancy. The etiology of APVS patients is still
unknown. Previous research only noted an enhancement in the long-term
survival of APVS with tetralogy of Fallot patients over the past decade.
However, the timeliness of surgical intervention and survival status in APVS
with IVS patients remains unclear. In our case, we described a 27-year-old
patient with a rare combination of the rudimentary pulmonary valve, intact
ventricular septum and absent superior vena cava who successfully developed
biventricular physiology without any medical intervene. And he received a
timely pulmonary valve implantation in our centre to prevent further right
ventricular dysfunction. Thus, we highlighted that biventricular circulation
can be successfully achieved in this rare subtype of APVS with IVS patients.
However, more multicentre studies and lifelong follow-up are required to
determine the timeliness for pulmonary valve surgery to avoid over-dilatation
of the right ventricle in APVS with IVS patients. Abstract: Absent pulmonary
valve syndrome with an intact ventricular septum (APVS with IVS) is a rare
congenital heart defect that is associated with a high perinatal mortality.
Most fetuses can hard to survive without inotropic support or heart
transplantation due to the severe respiratory dysfunction, heart failure and
serious infections resulting from tra... Show More
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* Case Report
Endovascular Therapy for Thoracic Aortic Mobile Thrombus
James Gregory Roberts*
International Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Volume 10,
Issue 1, February 2024
Pages: 1-5
DOI: 10.11648/j.ijcts.20241001.11
Published: Feb. 29, 2024
Abstract: Thoracic aortic mobile thrombus (TAMT) in the absence of
atherosclerosis, traumatic injury, or thrombophilia represents an uncommon
but well-acknowledged form of a non-cardiogenic thromboembolic source. The
morbidity and mortality of acute visceral thromboembolism from an aortic
thrombus remains elevated, though delay in diagnosis is common given its
underappreciated source as a potentially catastrophic aetiology. Nomenclature
to describe any thromboembolism to abdominal viscera remains varied
throughout the literature with a cardiac source from arrhythmias most
prevalent. Computerized tomographic angiogram (CTA) of chest and abdomen is
the modality that most commonly diagnoses TAMT. Trans-esophageal
echocardiography (TEE), however, has been the imaging modality of choice in
defining the specific thrombus morphology of TAMT. Patient morbidity and
mortality of TAMT may entail devastating thromboembolism to myriad sites:
cerebrum, mesentery, renal and upper and/or lower extremity peripheral
vasculatures. Risks factors of developing aortic mural thrombus are explored
within each case. Herein are two illustrative cases of TAMT presenting with
acute peritoneal signs and symptoms of visceral ischemia, respectively
involving spleen and kidney in the first, and spleen and intestine, the
second case. Both cases were successfully managed by physical examination,
CTA-diagnosis, intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) to define the morphology of
the aortic thrombus, and subsequent thoracic endovascular aortic repair
(TEVAR) graft deployment. Abstract: Thoracic aortic mobile thrombus (TAMT) in
the absence of atherosclerosis, traumatic injury, or thrombophilia represents
an uncommon but well-acknowledged form of a non-cardiogenic thromboembolic
source. The morbidity and mortality of acute visceral thromboembolism from an
aortic thrombus remains elevated, though delay in diagnosis is common given
i... Show More
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* Research Article
The Integration of Machine Translation Technology in the Realm of Legal
Interpretation
Zhu Jie*
American Journal of Education and Information Technology, Volume 8, Issue 1,
June 2024
Pages: 21-28
DOI: 10.11648/j.ajeit.20240801.13
Published: Feb. 29, 2024
Abstract: This article aims to provide an overview of the application of
machine translation technology in the field of legal translation, exploring
its potential, challenges, and future directions. Firstly, it reviews the
development process of machine translation technology, including rule-based
methods, statistical machine translation, and the application of deep
learning methods. Secondly, on the basis of in-depth deconstruction of the
operating rules of the big language model, it is demonstrated that the highly
modeled written legal language is highly consistent with the underlying logic
of the big language model because of its standardization, accuracy and
de-contextualization, so compared with other styles, machine translation
technology will achieve better translation results in the field of legal
translation. In addition, multimodal technology can also be applied to court
interpretation, which greatly alleviates the shortage of qualified
interpreters and maintains judicial justice. Furthermore, it discusses the
human-machine collaborative model in legal translation, emphasizing the
importance of human proofreading and review in ensuring translation accuracy
and reliability. Lastly, it summarizes the prospects and challenges of
machine translation technology in the field of legal translation. Through a
systematic review and analysis of relevant literature, this article reveals
the immense potential of machine translation technology in legal translation.
It can significantly enhance the efficiency and quality of legal translation,
thereby enhancing the capacity of legal language services. Abstract: This
article aims to provide an overview of the application of machine translation
technology in the field of legal translation, exploring its potential,
challenges, and future directions. Firstly, it reviews the development
process of machine translation technology, including rule-based methods,
statistical machine translation, and the application... Show More
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* Research Article
Experimental Investigation of the Suitability of Afzelia africana and
Colocasian esculenta as Alternative to Hydroxyethyl cellulose in Enhanced Oil
Recovery
Daraojiaku Augustine Ekene*, Nwachukwu Angela Nkechi, Okereke Ndubuisi
Uchechukwu, Ihekoronye Kingsley Kelechi, Uwaezuoke Nnaemeka
Petroleum Science and Engineering, Volume 8, Issue 1, June 2024
Pages: 16-26
DOI: 10.11648/j.pse.20240801.13
Published: Feb. 29, 2024
Abstract: Polymer flooding is a chemical enhanced oil recovery where polymer
is injected into the reservoir to recover oil that remained in the reservoir
after the primary and secondary recovery mechanisms, improves oil recovery by
reducing the water mobility ratio and increases the viscosity of the
displacing fluids for sweep displacement efficiency of the reservoir.
Synthetic polymers are widely used chemical enhanced oil recovery. However,
there is a big concern about the high cost of these polymers which can result
to high cost of oil production and environmental concerns due to the toxic
nature of these polymers. Hence, there is need to source for local polymers
that can be environmentally friendly, less expensive and can serve as a
mobility control agent in enhanced oil recovery. In this study, experimental
analysis was carried out to improve hydrocarbon productivity using local
polymers such as Afzelia Africana, Colocasian esculenta and compared with
synthetic polymer Hydroxyethyl cellulose. Characterization (FTIR and SEM) of
these polymers were carried out to determine the functional groups and the
morphology. Rheological behavior of these polymers was investigated.
Core-flooding experiment was conducted on the local polymers and the
synthetic polymer to examine the potential of these polymers in enhanced oil
recovery. The results of the study showed that the samples contained hydroxyl
group (OH), carboxyl group (COOH), and amine (NH3) based on the functional
groups. The scanning electron microscopy test showed that the samples are
mesoporous and crystalline in nature. The rheology test results showed that
the samples exhibit shear thinning behavior and a non-Newtonian fluid. The
core-flooding experiment showed that Afzelia Africana had oil recovery of
8.4%, 14.4% and 17.6%. More so, Colocasian esculenta had oil recovery of
6.8%, 14.0% and 17.2% while the synthetic polymer had oil recovery of 9.6%,
14.8% and 19.2% for different polymer concentrations of 0.2wt%, 0.3wt% and
0.4wt% respectively. The results from this study showed that the local
polymers compared favorably with the synthetic polymer in enhanced oil
recovery. Abstract: Polymer flooding is a chemical enhanced oil recovery
where polymer is injected into the reservoir to recover oil that remained in
the reservoir after the primary and secondary recovery mechanisms, improves
oil recovery by reducing the water mobility ratio and increases the viscosity
of the displacing fluids for sweep displacement efficiency of the ... Show
More
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* Research Article
Climate Change Impacts on Malaria Incidence: A 10-Year Retrospective Analysis
in Luapula and Southern Zambia
Joshua Kanjanga Phiri*, Rosemary Ndonyo Likwa
International Journal of Medical Case Reports, Volume 3, Issue 1, March 2024
Pages: 5-12
DOI: 10.11648/j.ijmcr.20240301.12
Published: Feb. 29, 2024
Abstract: This study examines the impact of climate change on the incidence
of malaria in Zambia. The study focused on variations in prevalence
influenced by climatic and environmental factors. This study adopted a
retrospective comparative analytical approach, utilizing 157 case records
from each province. The survey investigated temperature, seasonal variations,
and land use activities. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to
explore the relationships between malaria incidence and climate change. The
findings revealed a high fluctuating trend of rainfall from 2010 to 2020,
with an average annual rainfall of 1058.0 mm. The highest total rainfall was
observed in 2017 (1434.4 mm), indicating a strong association between malaria
incidence rates and rainfall, as supported by a significant p-value of 0.041.
Additionally, an assessment of the annual percentage of drought area for each
province showed that in 2019, Southern Province had the highest percentage of
drought at 64% over the ten-year period. This resulted in a poor vegetation
health index, creating unfavorable environmental conditions for mosquito
larvae and leading to reduced malaria transmission in the southern region.
Importantly, demographic data revealed distinct population distributions
between provinces, with a significant urban-rural divide. The majority of the
population in both provinces resided in rural areas, with 797,407 in Luapula
Province and 1,197,751 in Southern Province. Despite southern province having
a higher population distribution in rural areas, Luapula Province exhibited a
higher number of malaria transmission cases over the ten-year period. These
results emphasize the crucial role of climate change and local environmental
factors in the dynamics of malaria transmission, highlighting the need for
malaria control strategies tailored to specific regions in Zambia. Abstract:
This study examines the impact of climate change on the incidence of malaria
in Zambia. The study focused on variations in prevalence influenced by
climatic and environmental factors. This study adopted a retrospective
comparative analytical approach, utilizing 157 case records from each
province. The survey investigated temperature, seasonal varia... Show More
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* Research Article
Factors Associated with Knowledge of Hypertension in Rural Guinea, 2023: Case
of the Rural Commune of Maferinyah
Alseny Yarie Camara*, Almamy Amara Touré, Salifou Talassone Bangoura, Fassou
Mathias Grovogui, Saidouba Cherif Camara, Sidikiba Sidibé, Djiba Diakite,
Waly Diouf, Habibata Baldé, Ibrahima Barry, Diao Cisse, Sekou Sidate Sylla,
Abdoulaye Touré, Alexandre Delamou, Abdoul Habib Beavogui
European Journal of Preventive Medicine, Volume 12, Issue 1, February 2024
Pages: 17-23
DOI: 10.11648/j.ejpm.20241201.14
Published: Feb. 29, 2024
Abstract: Introduction: While numerous studies have explored hypertension
knowledge across Africa, they have predominantly focused on urban hospital
settings and diagnosed patients. This study aimed to evaluate the
determinants of hypertension knowledge in rural Guinea, a less-explored
demographic. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from March 01
to April 2023 within the Maferinyah sub-district and employed multivariate
logistic regression to analyze the relationship between hypertension
knowledge and various demographic characteristics. Results: The study
included 701 individuals aged 16–65 years (mean age 38 years), with a
predominance of women (68.3%) and those without formal education (62.8%). Key
findings revealed that high economic status (aOR= 2.97; 95% CI: 1.91 - 4.64),
age brackets of 41-50 years (aOR= 6.30; 95% CI: 3.51 - 11.5), 30-40 years
(aOR= 4.74; 95% CI: 2.89 - 7.90), over 50 years (aOR= 4.13; 95% CI: 2.51 -
6.87), and unemployment (aOR= 2.60; 95% CI: 1.75 - 3.89) were significantly
associated with higher hypertension awareness. Conclusion: Analysis of the
collected data highlights a notable deficit in awareness of hypertension and
its associated risk factors among the rural population of Guinea,
underscoring the urgent need for targeted educational and awareness
initiatives, especially among younger populations, to improve the
understanding and management of Hypertension and other non-communicable
diseases. Abstract: Introduction: While numerous studies have explored
hypertension knowledge across Africa, they have predominantly focused on
urban hospital settings and diagnosed patients. This study aimed to evaluate
the determinants of hypertension knowledge in rural Guinea, a less-explored
demographic. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from March...
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