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DR. YANG GEMMA GAO

Assistant Professor, Hong Kong Baptist University

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Infections and Infectious Diseases  
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1w3 min read . Sponsored
General MedicineFamily Medicine +8 more
Medical Article

TIMELY DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF COVID-19 AND FLU HELPS IN REDUCING THE DISEASE
BURDEN AND IMPROVING PATIENT OUTCOMES



Introduction

Overlapping symptoms among COVID-19 infection, flu, and other respiratory
conditions complicate the differential diagnosis.1,2 Common symptoms such as
cough, sore throat, fever, fatigue, and body aches impact the clinical
management plan and thus, may lead to delay in the optimum treatment.3 

Treating influenza patients with COVID-19 protocol could be counterproductive.
Steroids like dexamethasone are known to be effective in patients hospitalized
with COVID-19 while they may be harmful to influenza patients. An antiviral drug
such as remdesivir has been authorized for emergency use in COVID-19 patients
however we don't have sufficient data for influenza.3  Therefore, it is
essential to differentiate and isolate COVID-19 patients as early as possible
and initiate the relevant treatment.2

Importance of differential diagnosis of COVID-19 and Flu

Differential diagnoses of flu and COVID-19 guide the prognosis of the
patients.3 Early detection of the pathogen is crucial for accurate
decision-making about primary care, laboratory analysis, hospital admissions,
and self-isolation.4 Initiating appropriate treatment on time can help to
prevent complications such as severe pneumonia or even multiorgan failures and
reduce the length of hospital or ICU stay.2,5 The guidelines suggest initiating
empiric antibiotic treatment for possible bacterial co-infections. This has led
to excessive use of antibiotics even in 
patients who do not require this treatment.6,7 The widespread use of antibiotics
due to delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis may lead to the emergence of
multidrug-resistant bacteria.8  

Timely differential diagnosis with rapid antigen tests 

Currently, the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test
remains the benchmark diagnosis for differentiating COVID-19 infection from
other infections with overlapping symptoms.9 This test is considered a gold
standard due to its high sensitivity and specificity. However, the use of RT-PCR
can be limited owing to several reasons. It is expensive, time-consuming,
requires more advanced instruments and reagents, and may require
trained technicians. It usually takes several days to get the test results.
Tests based on antigens have gained prominence as they offer rapid results,
through an easy-to-use procedure and at a comparatively low cost.9,10

Enable timely treatment with differential diagnosis of COVID-19 and Flu

Panbio™ COVID-19/Flu A&B Rapid Panel (Nasopharyngeal) utilizes
one nasopharyngeal swab to perform an antigen test for SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A, 
and Influenza B. This rapid antigen test can detect the presence of a
SARS-CoV-2  nucleocapsid protein in nasopharyngeal swab specimens within 15
minutes with high sensitivity and specificity.  It offers versatility for
healthcare professionals to mobilize and deploy testing at large scale and
speed. This rapid antigen test can  help support the transition from presumptive
to differential diagnosis.10,11 

For more information about differential diagnosis and Point-of-care antigen
tests, please contact your local Abbott Representative today or visit
www.globalpointofcare.abbott

©2024 Abbott. All rights reserved. All trademarks referenced are trademarks of
either the Abbott group of companies or their respective owners. Any photos 
displayed are for illustrative purposes only. Any person depicted in such photos
is a model.

COL-24362-1.1

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MORE FROM CURRENT CXCENTER

COVID-19/Flu A&B Panel (Nasal) can help in the differential diagnosis of
COVID-19 and Influenza viral infections

Challenges with delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis of COVID-19 and Influenza
virus infections

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